Hoisting

Hoisting is a JavaScript behavior where variables and function declarations can be accessed before they are declared in the code because declarations are processed before execution.

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Example of variable hoisting:

console.log(message); // Output: undefined
var message = "The variable has been hoisted";

var message;
console.log(message); // undefined
message = "The variable has been hoisted";

Example of function hoisting:

message("Good morning"); // Output: Good morning

function message(name) {
  console.log(name);
};

Because of hoisting, functions can be used before they are declared.