Strings and String Operations in Python

Python Made Easy - (Article 10) Telugu Explanation

1. What is a String?

String ante - text ni represent cheyyadaniki use chese data type.
Words, sentences, letters - anni string lo store cheyyachu.

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Example:

name = "Naresh"
message = 'Python is easy'

Output:

Naresh
Python is easy

Important:

• Strings are written inside quotes — " " or ' '.
• String means a sequence of characters.
• Example: "Naresh" → N, a, r, e, s, h (6 characters)

2. Accessing Characters (Indexing)

Python lo string ni character by character access cheyyachu using index number.
Index always starts from 0.

name = "Naresh"
print(name[0])   # N
print(name[1])   # a
print(name[-1])  # h (last character)

3. Slicing Strings (Part of String)

String lo portion (part) tiskovali ante slicing use chestam.

word = "Python"
print(word[0:3])   # Pyt
print(word[2:])    # thon
print(word[:4])    # Pyth

Syntax:
string[start:end]

• start → include
• end → exclude

4. String Length

len() function use chesi string lo letters count cheyyachu.

text = "Hello"
print(len(text))

Output:

5

5. Strings are Immutable

Means → you can’t change characters directly.

name = "Naresh"
name[0] = "K"   # ❌ Error

Output:

TypeError: 'str' object does not support item assignment

So, strings are immutable (unchangeable).
Kaani, new string create cheyyachu.

name = "Naresh"
new_name = "K" + name[1:]
print(new_name)

Output:

Karesh

6. Common String Operations

Concatenation (Joining)

a = "Python"
b = "Rocks"
print(a + " " + b)

Output:

Python Rocks

Repetition

word = "Hi! "
print(word * 3)

Output:

Hi! Hi! Hi!

Membership

text = "I love Python"
print("love" in text)      # True
print("Java" not in text)  # True

7. String Methods (Built-in Functions)

8. Loop Through a String

name = "Naresh"
for ch in name:
    print(ch)

Output:

N
a
r
e
s
h

9. Example Programs

Example 1: Count Vowels in a String

text = "python programming"
vowels = "aeiou"
count = 0
for ch in text:
    if ch in vowels:
        count += 1
print("Vowel count:", count)

Output:

Vowel count: 4

Example 2: Palindrome Check

(Palindrome ante word lo letters ni reverse chesina same word vastundhi)

word = "madam"
if word == word[::-1]:
    print("Palindrome!")
else:
    print("Not a palindrome.")

Output:

Palindrome!

Example 3: Reverse String

text = "Python"
print(text[::-1])

Output:

nohtyP

10. Summary / Key Takeaways

• String = Text data stored inside quotes.
• Indexing → access letters.
• Slicing → cut portions of string.
• Strings are immutable.
• Useful methods → upper(), lower(), replace(), split(), join().
• Loops → used to check or count characters.

Practice Questions

1️.Create a string "Hello Python" and print only "Python".
2️.Write a program to count vowels and consonants.
3️.Reverse a given string using slicing.
4️.Replace "Python" with "AI" in a sentence.
5️.Split a sentence into words and join them back with -.

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