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How Do You Reason?

4 min readDec 18, 2025

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I thought that there was only one kind of reasoning, and that was logical reasoning. However, my understanding of reasoning changed when I read Being You: A New Science of Consciousness by Anil Seth (ISBN 978 0 571 3372 9).

In his book, Anil Seth describes three different types of reasoning:

  • Deductive
  • Inductive
  • Abductive (Bayesian)

Deductive Reasoning

Deductive reasoning is one of the most common forms of reasoning. It is a logical process in which a conclusion is guaranteed to be true if the premises are true. It moves from general principles to a specific conclusion.

Deductive reasoning is used in maths, science, programming, formal arguments and philosophy.

Example

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CactiStaccingCrane — CC BY-SA 4.0

If Venus is closer to the Sun than the Earth, and the Earth is closer to the Sun than Mars, then Venus is closer to the Sun than Mars.

Inductive Reasoning

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LearningPages
LearningPages

Written by LearningPages⁠

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