INHERITANCE

In Python, inheritance is an Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concept where one class (child/derived class) can reuse the properties and methods of another class (parent/base class).

Key Points About Inheritance

Code Reusability — You don’t have to rewrite the same code in multiple classes.

Parent Class (Base Class) — The class whose properties are inherited.

Child Class (Derived Class) — The class that inherits from another class.

Types of Inheritance in Python

| Type             | Description                     |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------- |
| **Single**       | One parent → one child          |
| **Multiple**     | Two or more parents → one child |
| **Multilevel**   | Parent → Child → Grandchild     |
| **Hierarchical** | One parent → multiple children  |
| **Hybrid**       | Combination of multiple types   |

Hierarchical Inheritance

Definition:
In hierarchical inheritance, one parent class is inherited by multiple child classes.

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Your code structure:

    In  (parent class)
   /   |    \
Add  Sub  Multiplication  (child classes)

call here is just another name for self (you can name it anything).

class In:
    def input(call):
        call.a=int(input("Enter A value:"))
        call.b=int(input("Enter B value:"))

class Addition(In):
    def add(call):
        call.input()
        c=call.a + call.b
        print("Addition:", c)
class Subtraction(In):
    def sub(call):
        call.input()
        c = call.a - call.b
        print("Subtraction:", c)
class multipilation(In):
    def mul(call):
        call.input()
        c=call.a * call.b
        print("Addition:", c)
obj1=Addition()
obj1.add()

obj2=Subtraction()
obj2.sub()

obj3=multipilation()
obj3.mul()

Each child class object directly uses the parent class method via inheritance.

This is hierarchical inheritance — single parent → many children.

Hybrid Inheritance

Definition:
Hybrid inheritance is a combination of two or more types of inheritance (like multiple + hierarchical).

      In (Parent)
     /    \
 Addition  Subtraction
      \    /
    Arithmetic (inherits from both)

class In:
    def input(call):
        call.a=int(input("Enter A value:"))
        call.b=int(input("Enter B value:"))

class Addition(In):
    def add(call):
        call.input()
        c=call.a + call.b
        print("Addition:", c)
class Subtraction(In):
    def sub(call):
        call.input()
        c = call.a - call.b
        print("Subtraction:", c)
class Arithmetic(Addition,Subtraction):
    def arith(call):
        call.add()
        call.sub()
obj = Arithmetic()
obj.arith()