Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Network (DePIN), often abbreviated as DePIN, is an important concept in the field of blockchain technology. Its main goal is to facilitate the development and management of real-world physical infrastructure networks using blockchain as the underlying technology.DePIN emphasizes the principles of community-driven collaboration and decentralization to facilitate the creation of more secure, sustainable, and interoperable physical infrastructures. In this paper, we will explore the definition of DePIN, explore its synergies with INTChain, and look at technical aspects and future trends.

（bitstamp）

INTChain: The Key to Connecting the Internet of Things

INTChain’s mission is to create a blockchain ecosystem tailored for the Internet of Things (IoT). It provides a secure and efficient platform for connecting a wide range of IoT devices.INTChain’s core architecture provides the blockchain technology, smart contracts, and token economics to make the realization of DePIN reachable.

If INTChain and DePIN are Combined

We believe that the combination of INTChain and DePIN could form a powerful hardware ecosystem. Here are a few key aspects to optimize this synergy:

Device Interoperability: The overall architectural design of INTChain dictates that engineers can optimize the performance of the blockchain by iterating on INTChain to support seamless connectivity across a wide range of IoT devices. This scalability is critical not only to accommodate more devices, but also to ensure that the network remains efficient, secure, and able to handle the ever-increasing stream of data from IoT sensors, actuators, and smart devices.

Enhanced Security: Security is a top priority for INTChain and DePIN. The IoT blockchain as an underlying facility will be responsible for maintaining data integrity and secure device authentication. Implementing advanced cryptography, multi-factor authentication, and secure execution environments play a critical role in ensuring the network’s trustworthiness.

Smart Contract Innovation: Smart contracts are at the heart of the blockchain-based ecosystem. the DePIN project, due to its complexity, will require the development of more advanced smart contracts that are capable of autonomously executing complex transactions, managing rewards, and enabling hardware interconnectivity and administrative transparency.

Token Economy Design: INTChain’s token economy model can be seamlessly integrated into the DePIN project to incentivize community participation and contribution to the development of the physical infrastructure. Tokens can be used as an incentive for ecosystem builders to make meaningful contributions to DePIN.

Cross-chain interoperability: Cross-chain interoperability is a new requirement for the DePIN network. By exploring solutions that enable seamless interactions with other blockchain networks, it is possible to facilitate the free flow of value from the hardware ecosystem across different ecosystems. This broader interoperability allows the DePIN Network to interact with the broader blockchain ecosystem, thereby increasing its utility and impact.

Future Outlook

By integrating the IoT blockchain with DePIN, we can envision several key trends for the future:

Expanding IoT device connectivity: More IoT blockchain networks will support a wider range of IoT device connectivity, from sensors to smart home devices. This will introduce a wider range of participants to the DePIN network.

GLOBAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT: The synergy between IOT and DePIN will serve as a catalyst for the development of global infrastructure, including sustainable energy solutions, intelligent transportation systems and smart cities.

Community Collaboration: Both IOT and DePIN emphasize community-driven collaboration (human or smart hardware). In the future, we can expect more community engagement to foster a sense of ownership of physical infrastructure development among community members. This will ensure active participation in the development of the network.

INNOVATION AND ADAPTATION: The integration of IOT and DePIN fosters innovation in the IoT and infrastructure space. This synergy will drive traditional stakeholders to adapt and innovate.

Why Is IoT Chain Starting to Discuss DePIN? was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

R&D Progress

Current progress

Continuous technical perfection of INT main chain

• Study the route of INT 4.0 mainnet EVM upgrade (35%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 code

Perfection of INT wallet and Explorer

• Exploring the mobile wallet-smart wallet reconstruction plan, consider upgrading to a multi-chain wallet compatible with INT 4.0 (25%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 block explorer and adding contract validation and publishing features (50%)
• Adding an interface for contract upload and validation to the INT 4.0 block browser backend (40%)

Activity operation

Current progress

The INT Cross-chain Bridge Released

The INT cross-chain bridge was opened on November 1st. It currently supports internal cross-chain transfers between the INT chain and the mainstream assets on the Ethereum and Binance smart chains.

Voting and design campaign for the logo of the NFT platform — INT BOX on the INT chain

INT released six INT BOX logos on November 8th and launched a voting and design competition. The creator will be rewarded $300 if the design is selected.

INT New Roadmap Released

INT released its new Roadmap on November 10th, defining a route for the first three quarters of 2022.

2021.11.1–2021.11.12 Bi-Weekly Report Updated was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

R&D Progress

Current progress

Continuous technical perfection of INT main chain

• Study the route of INT 4.0 mainnet EVM upgrade (30%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 code

Perfection of INT wallet and Explorer

• Optimizing the mainnet 4.0 Web wallet
• Complete cross-chain bridge for mainnet 4.0 web wallets, supporting interoperability between INT Chain, Ethereum and Binance Smart Chain with zero fees
• Refactor the UI for the cross-chain bridge webpage
• Exploring the mobile wallet-smart wallet reconstruction plan, consider upgrading to a multi-chain wallet compatible with INT 4.0 (20%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 block explorer add cross-chain transaction display and query page (100%)

Activity operation

Current progress

Freddy Yin, Head of INT China, was invited to attend Shanghai International Blockchain Week

Shanghai International Blockchain Week kicked off on October 25, 2021. Freddy Yin, Head of INT China, was invited to attend the Marvel Night co-hosted by Arkstream Captical, OpenGroup, and polygon.

INT FAQ Released

INT FAQ released on October 27th. You can access the INT FAQ on the INT website.

INT Digital Asset Brief Report in the First Half of 2021

INT Digital Asset Brief Report in the First Half of 2021 released on October 27th.

2021.10.17–2021.10.29 Bi-Weekly Report Updated was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

R&D Progress

Current progress

Continuous technical perfection of INT main chain

• Study the route of INT 4.0 mainnet EVM upgrade (25%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 code
• Optimizing INT Chain 4.0 Dockerfile build instructions

Perfection of INT wallet and Explorer

• Optimizing the mainnet 4.0 Web wallet
• Reconfiguring the cross-chain bridge of the MainNet 4.0 Web Wallet to support interoperability between multiple chains
• Improving cross-chain between INT Chain and Ethereum and add cross-chain between INT Chain and Binance Smart Chain (90%)
• Exploring the mobile wallet-smart wallet reconstruction plan, consider upgrading to a multi-chain wallet compatible with INT 4.0 (15%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 block explorer add cross-chain transaction display and query page (80%)

Activity operation

Current progress

INT Node Support Program (Phase 1) Started

INT Node Support Program (Phase 1) started on October 12th. INT Foundation will support each 500,000 votes to two new candidates, Tesla [Dali] and Network Engineering.

AMA in the Crypto Today Network

Freddy Yin attended an AMA in the Crypto Today Network, which is the platform that connects users to influencers, startups, and entrepreneurs where you can filter questions cited by the community.

INT Established the INT Persian Language Community

October 13th, We have recently established the INT Persian language community by working with Saeed Shboon, who is from Iran and has a lot of experience as an ambassador.

2021.10.4–2021.10.15 Bi-Weekly Report Updated was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

R&D Progress

Current progress

Continuous technical perfection of INT main chain

• Study the route of INT 4.0 mainnet EVM upgrade (20%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 code
• Improving the efficiency of inter-node connectivity by adding community nodes as bootnodes in the mainnet

Perfection of INT wallet and Explorer

• Optimizing the mainnet 3.0 Web wallet
• MetaMask connection is added to Mainnet 4.0 Web wallet, while private keys and Keystore unlocking are removed
• The mainnet 4.0 web wallet adds the function of canceling nodes and editing node information
• Fixed the bug that when the gas price is too small to send transactions through the mainnet 4.0 web wallet
• Improve the cross-chain bridge for Mainnet 4.0 Web Wallet
• Exploring the mobile wallet-smart wallet reconstruction plan, consider upgrading to a multi-chain wallet compatible with INT 4.0 (10%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 block explorer add cross-chain transaction display and query page (50%)

Activity operation

Current progress

INT Launched CoinGecko Digital Advertising and Marketing

On September 13th, INT launched CoinGecko digital advertising and marketing in Canada, India, Japan, the Philippines, the United Kingdom, the United States, and other regions.

Blockchain-based Service Network (BSN) Global Partner Conference 2021

On September 26th, “Blockchain-based Service Network (BSN) Global Partner Conference 2021” was held in Gongshu District, Hangzhou. As a certified blockchain service network developer, INT was invited to participate in the conference.

INT Node Support Program: Net_Engineering

September 24th, Net_Engineering’, a node in London, UK, the newest member of our international network of nodes!

INT Panda Emoji Released

A new INT panda emoji was released on September 24th, which will revitalize community interaction.

INT Chain cross-chain asset-INT token listed on PancakeSwap and VipSwap

September 30th，INT Chain cross-chain asset-INT token listed on PancakeSwap and VipSwap, The INT/BNB trading pair is available on both exchanges simultaneously. Opening price: 1BNB= 20000INT

2021.9.20–2021.9.30 Bi-Weekly Report Updated was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

Current progress

Continuous technical perfection of INT main chain

• Study the route of INT 4.0 mainnet EVM upgrade (15%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 code
• Improving the mainnet technical documents and added burning mechanism

Perfection of INT wallet and Explorer

• Optimizing the mainnet 3.0 Web wallet
• Exploring the mobile wallet-smart wallet reconstruction plan, consider upgrading to a multi-chain wallet compatible with INT 4.0 (5%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 block explorer, added display of burning transaction fees on block details page, parsed INT amount of UnDelegate and WithdrawReward on transaction page, and added annualized returns for mortgages on home page

Activity operation

Current progress

Distributing VIP Airdrop Reward

The airdrop for INT holders who swapped successfully was distributed on September 15th. The airdrop ratio is 10,000 INT: 1 VIP.

INT Node Support Program (Phase 1)

INT global node recruitment is in process, to better promote INT’s global node development, INT Foundation launched the first phase of the node support program on September 16th. Nodes that pass official review can get up to 500,000–1,000,000 INT support votes from the INT Foundation.

2021.9.6–2021.9.17 Bi-Weekly Report Updated was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

Current progress

Continuous technical perfection of INT main chain

• Study the route of INT 4.0 mainnet EVM upgrade (10%)
• Optimizing INT 4.0 code
• Improving the mainnet technical documents and fixed incorrect data bugs in technical documents

Perfection of INT wallet and Explorer

• Optimizing the mainnet 3.0 Web wallet
• Optimizing mobile wallet
• Complete the function of sending cross-chain transactions in the foreground of the web wallet
• Fix the bug that the transaction fee is incorrect on the block details page of the browser
• Fix the bug that the address does not match in the browser account details and token details page
• Fix the bug that the browser token page does not display the pagination
• Add a module to add statistics of cross-chain transactions to the browser background
• Optimize the problem of high CPU usage for the background synchronization data of the browser
• Fix the bug that the number of token holders in the background of the browser is not accurate

Activity operation

Current progress

Asia Blockchain Community AMA Preview

On August 23rd, INT released a job posting on the cryptojobslist.com for a professional INT PR Manager and is currently in communication with several candidates.

INT 4.0 Token Distribution

On August 24th, INT 4.0 tokens were distributed in batches. As of now, 367,142,599.213 INT 4.0 tokens that mapped have been distributed.

VIPSWAP Deployed on INT 4.0 Mainnet

On August 24th, VIPSWAP, a cross-chain DEX that focuses on light social networking, was officially deployed on the INT 4.0 mainnet.

INT4.0 Launch Giving Away Follow-up Report

On August 25th, INT released the winner list of INT4.0 launch giving away activity, with 5 lucky guys get 100 USDT each and other 50 luck guys get 200 INT 4.0 token each.

INT Mainnet 4.0 Mapping Early Bird Program

On August 25th, all rewards for the Early Bird Mapping Program were distributed.

INT 4.0 Mainnet Weekly Report

On August 30th, INT captured various data from the INT 4.0 mainnet to show the community how the INT 4.0 mainnet is currently operating.

INT 4.0 Validator Recruitment Plan

On September 2, INT released the INT 4.0 Validator Recruitment Plan, which aims to recruit more professional individual and origination nodes for INT 4.0 to participate and maintain the INT 4.0 blockchain network.

2021.8.23–2021.9.3 Bi-Weekly Report Updated was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

As INT 4.0 is gradually improved and officially launched, INT 4.0 will start the recruitment of validator. Any subject and individual who meets the selection requirements can participate in the node election and obtain node rewards.

Application Portal：https://forms.gle/Nq7L9FYj72gRjNmU9

Recruitment Guidance

• INT 4.0 validator recruitment plan will be launched on September 2, 2021, which will be open for long-term;
• Organizations and individuals who meet the requirements can submit their applications immediately.
• All submitted node information will be reviewed by INT one by one to prevent malicious nodes from being created.

Validator Conditions

• (Organization and individual) have basic knowledge and understanding of blockchain technology (e.g. public and private keys, signatures, etc.);
• (Individual) have their own fully controllable server resources with access to the public network;
• (Individual) has a certain technical foundation and can independently carry out server maintenance and management operations;
• (Organization) has servers to run the nodes and node operation and maintenance technicians;
• Those who participate in the INT 4.0 test network mining competition will be priority;
• Node software, hardware and network environment requirements.

Node Reward

• The profits of node are mainly from block production reward and transaction fees and the block production reward is limited to 20 million INT.
• Block reward = the number of blocks produced by the node * the reward for each block, the more the number of blocks, the more rewards.
• Annual node reward = node dynamic weight ratio * annual block reward
• Node weight, that is, the percentage of votes obtained by nodes in total votes. Because the total amount of votes and the amount of votes obtained by a single node are constantly changing, here we use the dynamic weight ratio to list the calculation formula, which help users better understand it.
• For more details, please check here: https://titansdocs.intchain.io/concepts/1-general-concepts.html#staking-rewards

Participation Process

1. Fill in the application form

2. Official review and feedback (within 3 working days)

3. 1 million INT 4.0 tokens for the register node

4. Register to run the node according to the document: https://titansdocs.intchain.io/

5. Announce new node information and get voting

Resources

• Blockchain browser:https://titansexplorer.intchain.io/
• Node deployment documentation:https://titansdocs.intchain.io/
• Voting tutorial:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yt9aLx7KHgI

FAQ

1.When will the validator be rewarded?

The validator will receive node rewards in real-time after the block is produced;

2.How often is the number of votes counted for a node?

Voting is real-time and candidate nodes can see real-time changes in the number of votes. The replacement cycle of the validators is about 2 hours, and the new votes of the validation node will take effect in the next cycle.

3.What is the voting reward for voters?

The percentage of the reward given to voters is set by the node itself (i.e. the voting reward may not be the same for each node) and ranges from 0% to 100%.

4.Can a node withdraw its own votes after it has received enough votes from other people?

No. For security reasons, nodes are required to stake their votes as collateral to prevent malpractice from occurring, so they cannot withdraw their votes. If in extreme cases you need to withdraw your vote, you can withdraw all your votes by cancelling the node.

INT 4.0 Validator Recruitment Plan was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

R&D Progress

Current progress

Continuous technical perfection of INT main chain

• The last round of testing of testnet smart contract (100%)
• Set the total reward time for the mainnet to 5 years
• Update the mainnet chain id to 2047
• Fix the bug that the int module lacks common attributes
• Mainnet launched

Perfection of INT wallet and Explorer

• Optimizing the mainnet 3.0 Web wallet and add cross-chain bridge function
• Optimizing mobile wallet
• Fix the bug that the transaction failed to send on the contact page of the web wallet
• Fix the bug that the number of votes in the proxy list of the browser account details page is incorrect
• Add fee burning tips, add default token icon in the browser
• Fix the browser token holders query data inaccurate bug
• Fix the bug that the browser background query token balance and decimal places error
• Fix the browser background synchronization IIP721 token error reported bug

Activity operation

Current progress

Asia Blockchain Community AMA preview

On August 9th, INT released the Asia Blockchain Community AMA preview.

INT Mainnet 4.0 Mapping Early Bird Program

On August 10th, INT released the INT 4.0 Early Bird Mapping Program to encourage users to map early. Users who map through the early bird program will receive an additional 0.5% token bonus.

AMA Guest Guessing Contest

On August 10th, INT released the AMA Guest Guessing Contest on its official Twitter and also announced INT’s new marketing director, Fiona who will attend the Asia Blockchain Community AMA.

VIPSWAP has Deployed and Launched the INT 4.0 Testnet

On August 12th, the cross-chain light social DEX-VIPSWAP announced that it has deployed and launched on INT 4.0 testnet and is looking forward to the official launch of INT 4.0

Asia Blockchain Community AMA

On August 12th, Fiona, the new Marketing Director of INT, conducted an AMA at Asia Blockchain Community and answered a total of 20 questions from the community, part of the recap is here: https://blockcast.cc/interviews/exclusive- interview-block cast-cc-speaks-to-int-an-ecosystem-of-the-internet-of-things/

INT Foundation Token Destruction Announcement

On August 13th, INT released an announcement that INT will burn 100 million INT3.0 tokens early as node rewards and voting rewards for the INT4.0 network over the next five years.

Fengli.com Interview with Yin Xiangyu, Head of INT China

On August 16th, INT released an interview article on China Node — Fengli.com interviewed Yin Xiangyu, the head of INT China. The two sides had a conversation on INT 4.0 features, INT 4.0 node issues, NFT, and other topics.

100 million INT 3.0 tokens burnt at black hole address

On August 16th, 100 million INT 3.0 tokens were sent into a black hole address INT1EaterAddressDontSendAssetToJaVL3u

INT Global Community Video Competition Follow-up Report

On August 17th, INT officially announced the results of the Global Community Video Competition, with the top 5 winners winning a total of US $1,500.

Announcement: INT Foundation pledges 80 million INT 3.0 tokens to support Genesis nodes

On August 17th, INT released an announcement: INT Foundation pledged 80 million INT 3.0 tokens to support the 3.0 network Genesis nodes and gradually take over the INT 3.0 network.

INT Mainnet 4.0 Launched Officially

On August 18th, INT4.0 mainnet was officially launched, token mapping, node migration, and other work are in order.

INT 4.0 Launch Giving Away

On August 18th, to celebrate the official launch of the INT 4.0 mainnet, INT released an airdrop event on Twitter, with a total reward of 500 USD and 10,000 INT 4.0 tokens.

INT 4.0 Launched-VIPSWAP Airdrop is Coming

On August 18th, to celebrate the official launch of the INT4.0 mainnet, INT officially launched a targeted mapping airdrop event together with VIPSWAP. INT holders who finish mapping work can get VIPSWAP airdrops at a ratio of 10000 INT:1 VIP.

2021.8.9–2021.8.20 Bi-Weekly Report Updated was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

Dear INT community:

INT 4.0 was officially launched and running at 18:18 on the 18th of 2021(UTC+8), which is a memorable moment. As of now, INT has officially entered the stage of ecological construction. This is a small victory in a stage, which is a small victory, a challenge, and the beginning of long-term development.

With the launch of Mainnet 4.0, we will release INT’s node migration and token mapping work. More details are shown as follows:

Mainnet 4.0

Compared with the INT 3.0 mainnet, the INT team has upgraded the mainnet 4.0 in the following aspects:

1. Further abstract the smart contract and virtual machine layer, making the entire technical architecture clearer;

2. Expand the original smart contract, complete the compatibility with EVM, and initially complete the compatibility with WASM, which can support the writing of smart contracts in multiple languages, and the execution efficiency has been improved;

3. Improved the new IPBFT consensus protocol based on PBFT (Practical Byzantine Algorithm), enhanced online governance, and improved efficiency;

4. Introduced multiple governance parameters on the chain, added a punishment mechanism for evil, and promoted more efficient and fair community governance;

5. Preliminarily realized the function of non-interactive zero-knowledge proof for anonymous transactions, and smart contracts will also be protected by privacy;

6. Improved P2P protocol design, supports UDP NAT penetration, supports multiple operators and IPv6, improves the success rate of P2P connections, stabilizes the DHT structure of topology analysis, and improves the efficiency and redundancy of broadcast messages

Mainnet 4.0 Github address:

https://github.com/intfoundation/intchain

Node migration

The INT 4.0 has been officially launched, and the INT 3.0 node rewards stop distributing when the block height reaches 7,830,000 (expected this Thursday). Please refer to the “Node Migration Guide” to gradually withdraw from the INT 3.0 validator list and migrate your node to the mainnet 4.0.

“Node Migration Guide”: https://intchain.io/guidelines/Guide-to-Node-Migration-from-INT-3.0-to-INT-4.0-EN.pdf

Token map

The token map window:

This mapping will be done on a 1:1 ratio and will not affect any holder’s balance. Once the mapping is completed, the mainnet 4.0 token can no longer be converted to the mainnet 3.0 token.

“INT 4.0 Mapping Guide”: https://intchain.io/guidelines/INT-mapping-guide-4.0-EN.pdf

Notes:

(1) Supports INT mapping with a minimum unit of 10 to the power of -18.

(2) If you choose window mapping, after filling in your private key, the system will automatically obtain that balance and map the full amount by default and cannot be changed manually.

(3) Spam may occur during token mapping, never send your INT to another private wallet address for token mapping.

(4) The old INT tokens that have completed mapping will be destroyed and cannot be reused and will not count towards circulation.

(5) To participate in node voting, the mapped INT 4.0 tokens remain in the INT 4.0 wallet and participate in voting through staking.

The guide to INT 4.0 staking and voting：https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yt9aLx7KHgI&feature=youtu.be

Wallet configuration and usage

The INT 4.0 mainnet involves a variety of different wallets as follows:

Web wallet:

INT web wallet: https://titanswallet.intchain.io/

Functions include: create the wallet, view wallet information, transfer, token mapping, node voting (stake, vote, unstake), etc. (more INT 3.0 wallet functions are being migrated)

MetaMask (Browser wallet)

Functions include: address creation, transfer, smart contract related operations

“ INT version MetaMask user guide”: https://intchain.io/guidelines/INT-version-MetaMask-user-guide-EN.pdf

Mobile wallet

1. imtoken wallet:

Functions include: address creation, transfer, smart contract related operations

“INT version imtoken wallet usage guide”: https://intchain.io/guidelines/INT-version-imtoken-wallet-usage-guide-EN.pdf

2. INT Smart wallet

INT Smart wallet (compatibility under development, it is not available for INT 4.0 now)

Block explorer

INT 4.0 block explorer: https://titansexplorer.intchain.io/

The block explorer makes it easy to view details of all blocks, transactions, addresses, and tokens on the chain and track the latest list of nodes.

Please follow the guide and perform token mapping, wallet network configuration, and other operations in time.

INT 4.0 tokens will be sent within 7 working days, please feel free to contact INT official customer service if you have any questions.

Thank you for your attention and support in the past 4 years, and we look forward to moving forward together in the INT 4.0 era.

INT Team

August 18, 2021

INT Mainnet 4.0 Launched|Node Migration and Token Mapping was originally published in INT Chain on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.