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00:00¡Gracias!
00:30In this is the first of an annual event
00:33in which the BBC Natural History Unit
00:36will push back the frontiers of wildlife filming.
00:40In this first programme,
00:42by combining the most up-to-date filming techniques
00:45with the most recent scientific knowledge,
00:47we're going to reveal something of the life
00:49of one of the least known and most awe-inspiring creatures in the ocean.
00:54You may feel that you already know something of this animal
00:57because replicas of it have been the focus of several cinema films.
01:02But the real living animal has only been seldom glimpsed
01:06and it's only been filmed from inside the protection of underwater cages.
01:11In this film, we're going to venture beyond those cages
01:15to reveal something of the life of the great white shark.
01:27How often do you have a life to kill?
01:30You may think so, not your Rendez will be the best of both men.
01:31Swat label!
01:39Swat label
01:42Swat label
01:44taiorsa
01:47Swat label
01:48Swat label
01:50Swat label
01:51odz
01:53twat
01:55No, no, no.
02:25No, no, no.
02:55The animal glides dreamlike through its watery world and into our subconscious.
03:10It's one of the last great predators to roam free on the planet, a creature of fearful
03:17cemetery.
03:18The animal glides dreamlike through its own.
03:25The animal glides dreamlike through its own death.
03:29¡Suscríbete al canal!
03:59No carnivore in the sea or on land has the power to strike such deep terror in our souls.
04:14Yet the white shark is not a lone, bloodthirsty killer, but a selective and skilful hunter with a complex social life.
04:22We are about to follow the shark into its own element, the open ocean, to reveal its natural behaviour as never before captured on film.
04:36The great white shark's range extends through all of the world's seas, but it's often found in cool temperate waters near its favourite feeding grounds.
04:51This is the Cape Coast at the southernmost tip of South Africa, the convergence of two great oceans, the Indian and the Atlantic.
05:04Known to early navigators as the Cape of Storms, this rugged coastline is dotted with the skeletal hulls of shipwrecked vessels.
05:16The Cape coast swarms with wildlife.
05:31Among the most abundant and lively inhabitants are the Cape fur seals.
05:35It's early spring and the seals are here to breed on the many small mountains.
06:05In a channel protected from the outside surf, a large raft of seals congregates.
06:17Here in these sheltered waters occurs a primeval contest.
06:22The destinies of the seal and the great white shark have evolved together for millions of years, an intricate partnership of hunted and hunter.
06:35Like the lion and the antelope, the shark and the seal coexist in a relationship both harmonious and violent.
06:47And then thejasdest sy sector is illustrated at the innises of the dreaded waters.
06:48Then therein Sas Juliet, the shark and the sea crawl.
06:55But reason going forward is why thisier is about theiod snow- eingeiring in the war.
07:01Well, this episode will be the first red velvet leaf.
07:10¡Gracias!
07:40This small pup was lucky,
07:45possibly because the shark had already eaten its fill.
07:49On Dyer Island, the Cape Fir seals breed all at the same time
07:53and produce such a large number of offspring
07:55that many will escape the white shark.
07:58But the shark is not the main agent of death for the seal.
08:02Disease, starvation and other causes also take a heavy toll.
08:10One of the most crucial lessons that a pup must learn
08:15is how to survive in the sea.
08:17And sometimes his first lesson catches him off guard.
08:20Suddenly, the pup is surrounded by adults
08:40in the middle of a large seal raft.
08:42The seals keep tightly together, close to the shoreline,
08:51and stay well away from the open waters of the channel.
08:54The raft is a highly effective system of communal defence,
08:58not unlike gazelles seeking protection from a cheetah
09:00by grazing in a large herd.
09:07But the inexperienced pup strays away from the safety of the raft.
09:12So now I'm here, Ken.
09:14The water is very long.
09:15Now I'm going to see a lot of people
09:17in doing some things.
09:18I'm going to see a lot of people
09:19on the lake that I need to do here on the lake.
09:21I'm going to see a lot of people
09:23in the lake that are getting away from one side,
09:25where we can't see a lot of people
09:26on the lake that are all set.
09:29So now we have to find out
09:32where it is the sea of the lake.
09:33We have to find out
09:36so we can only take out
09:36where you have to find out
09:38or anything.
09:40So now I can be careful
09:41but we have to find out
09:41¡Suscríbete al canal!
10:11These sharks, hunting in the channel, are 8 to 14 feet in length and weigh hundreds of pounds.
10:17Amazingly, they are still juveniles.
10:21These young sharks have a diverse diet that includes fish, squid and even other sharks.
10:27At this time of year, there is no richer hunting ground for them than Dire Island.
10:41¡Suscríbete al canal!
11:11¡Vamos!
11:13¡Vamos!
11:25Estos estudiantes de la escuela de Cape Town
11:28están desarrollando una nueva actitud hacia el shark
11:31a causa de un programa especial
11:34por la Universidad de White Shark Research Unit.
11:41El hino no tiene un hino,
11:45así que el shark decide si se está en el lado o no.
11:49¡Oh! ¡Oh, mira!
11:51¡Adiós!
11:53¡Gracias!
11:55¡Gracias!
11:57¡Gracias!
11:59¡Gracias!
12:05South Africa was the first country in the world
12:07to fully realise the importance of the white shark as a top predator
12:11and the first to declare it a protected species.
12:15But it wasn't always this way.
12:29Not long ago, white sharks were hunted, like the big cats of Africa, as trophies.
12:35The only good shark, according to the prevailing attitude, was a dead shark.
12:47To vanquish the most feared monster in the sea,
12:50carcaradon carcaradon carcarias, the jagged toothed one,
12:54was proof of masculinity.
12:56And the bigger the monster, the bigger the psychological kick from killing it.
13:02During this period, the largest sharks were virtually fished out.
13:06Only when dead and without water to support its immense bulk,
13:20does the white shark look so grotesque.
13:29The living white shark in its own natural element
13:32is a different matter entirely.
13:34A majestic creature of ideal hydrodynamic design,
13:38the white shark glides through the sea
13:40with minimum effort and perfect grace.
13:50Once worshipped by early cultures,
13:52the shark's form has become an archetypal image
13:55of the raw primal power of nature.
13:58Today, in South Africa, white sharks are still hunted,
14:06but not for lifeless trophies.
14:08Craig Ferreira of the White Shark Research Unit
14:12assists scientists studying the white shark population along this coastline.
14:16With him is Greg Marshall of the National Geographic Society.
14:22It's quite simple. It's a widely used procedure, this,
14:26except that we're not going to hook the shark or anything.
14:28We're just going to wait for him to come up and bang it in.
14:30Right.
14:32The shark takes off, the tail will come loose,
14:34take the tag and pull away and that will be left an animal.
14:38Now they wait for a shark to come to the bait.
14:42The popular belief that white sharks will attack anything resembling food
14:46turns out to be a myth.
14:48In reality, the white shark is often suspicious and even timid.
14:52Craig's task is to lure the shark as close to the boat as possible
14:57and plant the tag just below the dorsal fin.
15:00Come on back.
15:02Come back.
15:03Get him.
15:08Each shark reacts differently to the bait.
15:10While some are shy, others are very aggressive.
15:14This pugnacious individual sneaks in and snatches the bait.
15:18It's not willing to give it up without a tug of war.
15:22All right. Okay. It's there. It's there. Go on.
15:25Okay. Okay. Pull him. Slowly. Slowly.
15:28Hang on.
15:29It's got a take. It's got a take.
15:31Pull the bait away. Get the bait away.
15:32What number is it?
15:33What is it?
15:34A-D...
15:35It looks like A-D-I to be.
15:36A-D-I. A-D-I.
15:37I think it's A-D-I.
15:38This shark was tagged a few weeks ago.
15:42Its return to the boat will provide valuable information
15:45on its movement since last seen.
15:47But most white sharks are tagged and are never seen again,
15:51confirming their nomadic habits.
15:58Here comes another shark.
16:00This one has no tag.
16:10Got it? Got it?
16:11Nice and easy.
16:12Okay. Here's your chance.
16:13Whoop, whoop, whoop, whoop.
16:15Whoop, whoop.
16:16Nice.
16:17Good.
16:18Beauty.
16:19Please.
16:20Despite the taggings, we still don't know how many sharks are out there or where they go.
16:25To try and find out where they do go, Greg Marshall will attempt something never done before.
16:32Attach a video camera called a critter cam to a white shark.
16:40It's always nerve wracking to make a deployment.
16:42Lots of things are possible.
16:44It's an incredibly powerful animal.
16:46As a result, it can do damage to the camera if it wanted to.
16:54We don't know enough about the animal's behavior.
16:56We've had a couple of cases where the shark came and rammed against the boat.
17:00The great white shark is the animal, I think, that is in some way in our subconscious.
17:17We know that this is an animal that can take us out.
17:20We're curious, we're fascinated, we're terrified of that possibility.
17:25I would rather face my terror and try to understand.
17:32I want to know this beast.
17:34Beautiful.
17:35What an Adam.
17:40If Greg's unique camera works, it will allow us to travel into the white shark's world for the very first time.
17:48Okay, right there.
17:52One.
17:53And when the shark swam away with it, I saw the camera actually take and start to fly behind the animal as it's supposed to do.
18:08And fly in the right orientation as she moved away.
18:10It was really, it was really very exciting.
18:12It was a great feeling.
18:19And now we take an incredible ride.
18:22The shark patrols just below the surface, then veers towards the bottom in a long, purposeful descent.
18:29She spends most of her time either near the surface or at the bottom, but not in between.
18:34The high dorsal fin is surprisingly flexible and, like the keel of a boat, serves to stabilize and prevent roll.
18:46She reaches the bottom.
18:47The greyish black hide on her back provides excellent camouflage as she cruises along the sea floor.
18:59The critter cam can show us exactly where the shark likes to hunt and when it makes an attack.
19:04There, suddenly a fish appears. The shark takes off after it.
19:16The critter cam has a bumpy ride as she strikes out again.
19:30Here she's clearly fed. A piece of her meal dangles from her mouth.
19:46We catch a glimpse of another white shark.
19:48Great whites may not be the lone rogues we once thought they were.
19:52In the hunting channel at Dire Island, they appear to move in groups.
20:00Another shark passes by and she veers towards it.
20:03The critter cam may be revealing some social interaction taking place among the sharks.
20:08The camera has a link that dissolves in sea water. After two hours, the camera should pop off.
20:18But anything can happen.
20:28The shark encounters another shark and the camera is dislodged and floats to the surface.
20:33The shark, ever curious, circles and inspects the alien object that had hitched a ride on her back.
20:56Floating on the surface, critter cam emits a radio signal so that Greg Marshall can find it
21:01and retrieve the valuable videotape.
21:04It's got to be right along this line.
21:06OK.
21:08OK, I think that's it, right out there.
21:11As a remote video, critter cam records images without human intrusion
21:16and allows us to experience events that we wouldn't ordinarily see.
21:20It may lead to a more complete understanding of the great whites' behaviour.
21:24OK. Got it.
21:26Yay! Man! Damn!
21:29Pretty baby.
21:37Other new remote technology would reveal that the relationship of white shark and seals
21:43is far more fascinating and complicated than previously imagined.
21:46Back on Dire Island, it's February, and there are no more young pups to make easy meals for the white sharks.
22:05The sharks must now hunt adult seals, and they are incredibly swift, agile and alert.
22:14Here, the shark can't use stealth. A bolder strategy is called for.
22:19It cruises in plain sight. The seals respond by porpoising.
22:34Like birds mobbing an enemy or gazelles following a cheetah, the seals swim behind the shark.
22:40Why? Perhaps to keep watch on the enemy, or distract it, or simply to discover whether it's hungry.
22:47The trick is to avoid becoming a meal in the process.
22:51The paying Wahriness
22:54Is you ready?
22:56With Leie
22:58Theνε
22:59Francis
23:02Were born
23:05In Port of theгр PA
23:06Love
23:09Kill
23:11Blam
23:12The
23:16The
23:18¡Suscríbete al canal!
23:48¡Suscríbete al canal!
24:19The shark returns immediately.
24:25The vigorous side-to-side thrashing powers the saw-edged teeth
24:29and enables the shark to devour the carcass bite by bite.
24:33Here, the shark has coped with an elaborate communal defence.
25:01But in another ocean, the shark has to deal with a different defensive strategy.
25:07The northern elephant seal keeps close to the bottom,
25:11using stealth to avoid becoming prey to a shark.
25:14When he surfaces, he's most vulnerable to attack.
25:24He's looking for a place to haul out, but this sea lion rock won't do.
25:28The elephant seal is not yet mature.
25:53He's only two to three years old.
25:56He's managed to survive the hazards of life at sea.
25:59Now he joins other young elephant seals who migrate every autumn to these shores.
26:04We're at the Ferrolons, an isolated cluster of islands in the Pacific Ocean,
26:2227 miles off the coast of San Francisco, California.
26:29At this time of the year, the white sharks are here too.
26:33These are big ones, mature adults.
26:35They haven't been fished out here.
26:38The sharks encircle the islands, hidden in the depths, waiting.
26:48The Ferrolon Islands are a national wildlife refuge run by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
26:55Off California, both seal and white shark are protected by law.
26:59Peter Pyle, a biologist for the Point Reyes Bird Observatory, manages this refuge.
27:11Our study is unique in that we don't bait.
27:15We don't put any blood or bait in the water.
27:18Therefore, everything that we see on the shark is what they're doing on their own in a natural setting.
27:25I've probably seen a couple hundred shark attacks by now.
27:29The shark attack from Indian Head, large pool of blood.
27:58Scott, are you there?
27:58Yeah, Pete. Uh, Indian head up.
28:01Yeah, looks pretty good. Are you ready to go?
28:03I could be down the boat in just a few minutes.
28:05Karen, are you there?
28:06Yeah, I got you. I'll see you down the boat in a minute.
28:28All right, you ready, Pete?
28:33Yeah.
28:34Is everything set here?
28:35You all set, Karen?
28:36Yeah.
28:37Okay.
28:38Ready?
28:39Yeah.
28:40Go up.
28:40Going up.
28:41Up.
28:49So where is it?
28:50It's a little bit on the moronga side, kind of in the lee, so...
28:53Scott Anderson is the principal white shark biologist here.
28:57He and Peter race to arrive before the attack is over.
29:01Thanks, Karen.
29:08All right, Peter. Looks like he's still got a floater.
29:10It's floating a little bit off Indian head there.
29:14A lot of blood.
29:14Better get out there quick, eh?
29:16Okay, good. We'll be there in about a minute.
29:18Okay, great. What direction from where we're headed now?
29:21Okay, I got the birds now. We're on it.
29:27The sea is stained bright crimson with oxygen-rich elephant seal blood.
29:46The seal was killed in a massive first hit.
29:49For some reason, the shark has vanished.
29:53But it'll be back.
29:54The sea is sick.
30:09¡Gracias!
30:39The shark is immense, the size of a minibus.
30:48It dwarfs the 14-foot boat.
31:09The kill provides food for others, a ravenous petrel shares the feast.
31:30This is a 400-pound seal, and it takes a while to finish it.
31:35The shark consumes its prey methodically, piece by piece.
31:39The powerful tailbeats assist the soaring action of the two-toned shark.
32:05Scott and Peter try to keep up with the shark to observe the details of the feeding process.
32:34They must manoeuvre as close as possible without actually getting in the shark's way.
32:39Back up a little bit.
32:41OK, she's going to hit us here.
32:43OK, where is it? I can't see the car just.
32:45She's coming up to hit us right here.
32:47OK, where is it? I can't see the car just.
32:49She's coming up to hit us right here.
32:56Give her room, you guys. This is a big shark.
32:58Go in, Peter. She's about to take it.
33:03Pretty wild. That was great.
33:10Yeah.
33:11That was great.
33:42Now there are two great whites circling below.
33:46In the only study of white sharks in their natural undisturbed state, Scott and Peter take photographs of each individual shark involved in the kill.
33:55Good like that. She's underneath you. Hey, that's a big one, isn't it? She's 18.
34:07The sharks are here because of the food, but they're interested in anything on the surface.
34:12They often bump the researcher's boat or mouth the motor.
34:16Whether from hunger, aggression or simple curiosity, no one knows.
34:21Previously, it was thought that there is only one shark at each carcass, but we've since discovered that there are more.
34:51From three to five sharks arrive to investigate the kill.
34:56There is no feeding frenzy, and the carcass is approached in a cautious and controlled manner.
35:02Access to the food may be determined by a series of visual displays and postures.
35:07The white shark has a body language of its own, which we're only beginning to recognize.
35:21Two sharks swim side by side. With the pectoral fins held down, mouth slightly agape, the sharks move closer and closer to each other until one gives way.
35:45Size seems to be the determining factor in dominance.
36:11The larger sharks control the scene.
36:23A shark approaches the carcass hunched in full display posture.
36:29A larger shark rises up from below.
36:37The first one arches its body and quickly gives way.
36:41The bigger shark has established its right to feed first.
36:45A shark.
36:47The little shark is a feather.
37:03¡Gracias!
37:33...possible to spot from above.
37:35The shark may spend from two weeks to a month stalking, waiting for that one opportunity that makes it worthwhile to return each year to the same hunting ground.
37:45The shark's strategy is to cruise along the bottom, watching for silhouettes above.
37:56Sea lions in a group are difficult to target and catch. The shark prefers a single target.
38:03Sea lions queим.
38:21Ah!
38:25Squire.
38:32Scott Anderson studies the Great Whites in much the same way as the Great Whales have been studied.
38:38He attempts to get photos to identify individuals.
38:42First, he has to lure the shark up by using a shape that resembles an elephant seal.
38:48A surfboard seems to work as well as anything.
39:02This is what Scott is after.
39:09Photos of the dorsal fin and tail.
39:19Okay, well, these are the kind of bites that we see on various objects that we put out here, surfboard in this case.
39:25And you can see the upper teeth here lay down a nice crescent-shaped bite, and they actually cut away flesh and take away a piece of the animal,
39:35whereas the bottom teeth are much sharper in a point and actually pin the prey.
39:43So the two sets of jaws working together are very effective at removing large pieces of flesh.
39:48You can see here each set of teeth, so the shark's actually missing one tooth here.
39:55They can bite clear through something like this, but they probably, as soon as they get it in their mouth,
40:01sense that it's not a seal or a sea lion, which they're usually used to eating.
40:06It's much harder, and they probably just let go as soon as they feel it.
40:11This is just a shark feeling the board.
40:15The next challenge for Scott involves getting photos of the entire shark.
40:25The video board is a board with a video camera and a housing that would be durable enough
40:31to withstand the impact of an attack and also remain floating.
40:38Scott's decoy works.
40:40These were the first films of great whites underwater in California.
40:44Only rarely do they actually attack the surfboard.
40:57This inquisitive shark uses its potentially lethal jaws to gently explore the surfboard.
41:04Scar markings and differing colorations are clearly visible on these close views.
41:24Scott will use these kind of views to assist him in identifying individual sharks.
41:29The scars on the bodies of the Farallon sharks provide more clues to their social rituals.
41:37The postures and displays used to avoid direct combat do not always prevent contact.
41:44These big female sharks have what appear to be combat or perhaps mating scars.
41:49White sharks have never been observed mating,
41:51but it's likely that their sexual behavior is turbulent, to say the least.
41:59One of the big questions is, are the same sharks coming back year after year?
42:09Everybody always thought that the sharks that were out here were the same sharks,
42:12but nobody had any evidence.
42:14It's different.
42:15Yeah, I went through this.
42:16It was down like this.
42:17Yeah, I went.
42:17It's dead.
42:18Exactly, I went through this and it is different.
42:20It's either on the other side or it's further forward, more of a bite.
42:24Scott and Peter sift through the available evidence to attempt to catalogue all of the individual
42:30great whites that come to the Farallons each autumn.
42:33Videos, stills, and sightings are all examined.
42:37Some suggest that hunting seals and sea lions can be dangerous for the shark.
42:42If you bite, it looks like it could be a seal or a sea lion is, you know, bitten.
42:45It doesn't look like a shark.
42:46Yeah, two on the bottom and two on the top, which would be the two main, one of those,
42:52the canines.
42:54How many sharks do you have?
42:55Over seven years of study, up to 40 individuals have been identified.
43:00The researchers have come to know some of these returning sharks very well and have even
43:04become fond of them.
43:06One of these is a massive 18-footer named Stumpy, so called because the tip of her tail
43:12is missing.
43:17We don't know where Stumpy is during most of the year, but we do know that she shows up
43:21here every autumn at the Farallons.
43:24What's more, she appears to come to the same spot to hunt.
43:32How do you know Stumpy is here?
43:34You set the board out and she lets you know.
43:44This is how a great wight kills an elephant seal in the first hit.
43:52In one precise torpedo-like blow, the shark hits the prey from below.
44:08The stunning impact of the first lightning strike may incapacitate the seal.
44:13In the Farallons, no shark is more successful at this strategy than Stumpy.
44:27She's the only animal that we've recognized taking three different seals in one year.
44:35And that's pretty amazing when you think that it's been calculated that one seal should last
44:40a shark up to three months.
44:44She must be really building up a lot of fat, and we suppose that's because she then goes
44:48down and breathes and probably doesn't eat very much during the time she's giving birth.
44:58Great white sharks are the ultimate predators.
45:02Highly complex and adaptive, they vary their strategies to suit different situations and
45:07to outwit exceptionally agile prey.
45:18Of all the great predators on the planet, white sharks are the only ones that cannot be caged
45:25or tamed.
45:28As images of fierce, uncontrolled nature, they have imprinted themselves indelibly upon our
45:34collective consciousness.
45:43In the Farallons and a lot of those other movies instilled this belief in humans that white sharks
45:48were these killing machines that wanted to jump into boats or grab humans and eat them.
45:56We've learned that this is really not the case at all.
45:59They're primarily interested in elephant seals.
46:13As the animal behind the myth is revealed, the great white shark remains no less formidable
46:21as a predator.
46:23Its fearful symmetry is not diminished.
46:29Perhaps we need to know that it still survives out there.
46:36Like the tiger in the forests of the night, the white shark is the essence of wildness.
46:58What time is it now, Mr. Wolf?
47:00What time is it now, Mr. Wolf?
47:28What time is it now, Mr. Wolf?
47:29Goodbye.
47:31What time is it night before me?
47:34That's my gosh...
47:36...dead to hombre.
47:38...be 네가 way, you're not gonna walk out there.
47:40I mean, I'm jackass at this Hypoot, but that you don't get a lotkeeper
47:41right now and you told me to go out there, but it's OK.
47:43It doesn't carry a lot力.
47:45What as usual offenses are low to Ethereum?
47:47I don't remember that魚.
47:50What happens when I first hit theviettes and miles don't get a flimprotect in my friwick.
47:52Look at that you don't get them from here, and I got to go.
47:54See over at the inn...
47:55subscribe.
47:55I don't like that you can share my butt красив yourself with the dominate strategies,
47:56so thatawl does not worry.
47:58No, no, no, no.
48:28No, no, no, no.
48:58No, no, no.
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