The CSS Grid Layout module is used to create a grid-based layout system. Which uses rows and columns, it simplifies the design of webpages without relying on floats and positioning of the elements.
Syntax:
.class {
display:grid;
}
Note: An HTML element becomes a grid if that element sets display:grid
- grid-template-columns: This specifies the size of the columns
- grid-template-rows: Specifies the size of the rows.
- grid-gap: sets the gaps between rows and columns.
Some grid-template-columns keyword values:
- grid-template-columns: repeat( [ <positive-integer> | auto-fill | auto-fit ], <track-list> );
- grid-template-rows: repeat( [ <positive-integer> | auto-fill | auto-fit ], <track-list> );
Represents a repeated fragment of the tracklist, allowing a large number of columns that exhibit a recurring pattern to be written in a more compact form. It allows you to define a pattern repeated X times.
- grid-template-columns: auto;
- grid-template-rows: auto;
Indicates auto-placement, an automatic span, or a default span of one Column is fitted to the content in the column. The row is fitted to the content in the row.
- grid-template-columns: minmax(min, max);
- grid-template-rows: minmax(min, max);
The Fr Unit
The fr unit is a fractional unit, an input that automatically calculates layout divisions when adjusting for gaps inside the grid.
- The fr unit allows you to define grid tracks as fractions of the available space.
- If a grid container has 4 columns with 1fr each, they will each take up an equal amount of space, i.e., each column will be 25% of the available space.
- Using different fractional values allows for varied column sizes within the same grid.
Examples of CSS Grid Layout: The Fr Unit
Here are some examples:
Example 1: Using the fr Unit in CSS Grid
This example demonstrates the use of the fr unit in CSS Grid, where each grid column takes up an equal fraction of the available space.
<!--Driver Code Starts-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<!--Driver Code Ends-->
<style>
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
grid-template-rows: 100px;
grid-gap: 10px;
}
.container div {
border: 3px black;
border-radius: 7px;
background-color: yellowgreen;
padding: 1em;
text-align: center;
color: darkgreen;
}
h1 {
color: green;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
<!--Driver Code Starts-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
<div class="container">
<div>geeksforgeeks 1</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 2</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 3</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 4</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!--Driver Code Ends-->
Example 2: Using the fr Unit with Different Fractional Values
In this example, we define a grid with columns that use different fractional units, allowing certain columns to take up more space. The first two columns each take up 1fr (one fraction of the available space), while the next two columns take up 2fr each, which gives them twice as much space as the first two columns.
<!--Driver Code Starts-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<!--Driver Code Ends-->
<style>
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 2fr 2fr;
grid-template-rows: 100px 150px 200px 200px;
grid-gap: 10px;
}
.container div {
border: 3px black;
border-radius: 7px;
background-color: yellowgreen;
padding: 1em;
text-align: center;
color: darkgreen;
}
h1 {
color: green;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
<!--Driver Code Starts-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
<div class="container">
<div>geeksforgeeks 1</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 2</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 3</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 4</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 5</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 6</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 7</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 8</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 9</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 10</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 11</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 12</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 13</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 14</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 15</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 16</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!--Driver Code Ends-->
Example 3: Using the fr Unit with repeat() and auto Notation
In this example, the repeat() function is used to create multiple columns of equal size, while auto ensures that the row height adjusts automatically based on the content. This combination is useful when you want a dynamic and responsive grid layout.
<!--Driver Code Starts-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<!--Driver Code Ends-->
<style>
.container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr) repeat(2, 2fr);
grid-template-rows: auto;
grid-gap: 10px;
}
.container div {
border: 3px black;
border-radius: 7px;
background-color: yellowgreen;
padding: 1em;
text-align: center;
color: darkgreen;
}
/* Designing h1 element */
h1 {
color: green;
text-align: center;
}
</style>
<!--Driver Code Starts-->
</head>
<body>
<h1>GeeksforGeeks</h1>
<div class="container">
<div>geeksforgeeks 1</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 2</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 3</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 4</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 5</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 6</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 7</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 8</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 9</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 10</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 11</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 12</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 13</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 14</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 15</div>
<div>geeksforgeeks 16</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!--Driver Code Ends-->