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Hygrothermical Design: 1. Main Features of The Project and Construction

The document discusses the hygrothermal design of a building project consisting of a car wash and auto lubrication hall and a metallic parking cover. It provides details on the construction materials and dimensions used for the building envelope elements like exterior walls, floors, roof, and windows. It also describes the process of determining the overall thermal insulation coefficient (G) of the building, which involves calculating the thermal resistances of individual building elements, the total envelope area, and the building volume. The calculated G is then compared to the standard coefficient GN to check if the required level of thermal insulation is achieved.

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Roxana Loredana
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187 views15 pages

Hygrothermical Design: 1. Main Features of The Project and Construction

The document discusses the hygrothermal design of a building project consisting of a car wash and auto lubrication hall and a metallic parking cover. It provides details on the construction materials and dimensions used for the building envelope elements like exterior walls, floors, roof, and windows. It also describes the process of determining the overall thermal insulation coefficient (G) of the building, which involves calculating the thermal resistances of individual building elements, the total envelope area, and the building volume. The calculated G is then compared to the standard coefficient GN to check if the required level of thermal insulation is achieved.

Uploaded by

Roxana Loredana
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 15

2.

HYGROTHERMICAL DESIGN

1. MAIN FEATURES OF THE PROJECT AND CONSTRUCTION


It aims to determine the environmental impact of civil heating a building, with the destination
of car wash and lubrication.
1.1.
Project name
CAR WASH AND AUTO LUBRICATION fitting out - Roman
METALLIC COVER FOR AUTO PARKING - Roman

1.2.

Objective location
Roman City, street bd. Nicolae Blcescu, Neam.
Hall for car wash and auto lubrication
Hall on the metal walls closing will be composed of metal + wool + system board. Board will

be light gray 022.


The cover will also be made of metal / mineral wool / metal, dark red fire 412.
Gutters and downpipes shall be of 001 white color Rainline Lindab steel.
Window frames will be aluminum RAL 3000 with Low-E Argon PVC windows and doors will
be metal.
The interior finishes of the deposits will be: Plaster + painting in washable paint on the brick
walls, and the BCA. Floors will be industrial, and only in the dressing room and the bathroom tiles to
be used.
The car wash area and the technical channel area will use industrial floors and the walls will be
painted with chlorinated rubber paint.
Area of premises for car wash and auto lubrication will be separated by a wall of sandwich
panels with 8 cm thick, plastered brick pedestal with a height of 145cm.
The wall that separates the work area and locker storage area will be brick.
The base visible from the outside height of 30 cm will be gray (RAL 7014) and will be
insulated with extruded polystyrene 3 cm.
The hall will be of one level.

Metallic cover for auto - parking


The metallic structure will be covered with metal plates with multiple stratifications, 412 color
red fire protection. It will be used for parking cars. Maximum capacity will be 10 parking spaces.
Storm water collection will be made with sheet metal gutters and spouts Lindab Rainline 001 white
color.

The project will be pursued following aspects:

Determination of the thermal envelope,


Determination of thermal resistance in the current,
Identify and calculate their length of thermal bridges,
Determine the specific thermal resistance corrected
Determine the overall coefficient of thermal insulation.
Hall for car wash and auto lubrication
Groundfloor Su = 312,99 mp:
- flammable material storage

S = 16,18 mp

-various materials storage

S = 15,62 mp

-tires storage

S=17,07 mp

- auto parts and paint storage

S=15,65 mp

-CT and household water

S=12,17 mp

-sanitary group

S= 3,99 mp

-looker room

S= 6,16 mp

-hall

S= 6,26 mp

-technical channel and autolubrocation area

S = 110,13 mp

-car wash

S= 109,76 mp

Hmax= +7,08 m (regarding 0,00 level)


Usable area:

Su = 312,99 mp

Builted area:

Sb = 339,19 mp

Developed area:

Sd = 339,19 mp

Metallic cover for auto - parking


The metallic structure will be covered with metal plates with multiple stratifications, 412 color
red fire protection. It will be used for parking cars. Maximum capacity will be 10 parking spaces.
Storm water collection will be made with sheet metal gutters and spouts Lindab Rainline 001 white
color.

Hmax= +4,74 m (regarding 0,00 level, considered the surface of the paved platform)
Usable area:

Su = 177,47 mp

Builted area:

Sb = 179 mp

Developed area:

Sd = 179 mp

2. COMPUTATIONAL NOTES

Determinarea coeficientului global de izolare termic (G)


2.1.

Coeficientul global de izolare termica a unei cladiri (G), este un parametru termo-energetic al
anvelopei cladirii pe ansamblul acesteia si are semnificatia unei sume a fluxurilor termice
disipate (pierderilor de caldura realizate prin transmisie directa) prin suprafata anvelopei
cladirii, pentru o diferenta de temperatura intre interior si exterior de la 1K, raportata la
volumul cladirii, la care se adauga cele aferente reimprospatarii aerului interior, precum si cele
datorate infiltratiilor suplimentare de aer rece.
Coeficientul global de izolare termica se calculeaz cu relatia:

(L

V
1

j )

0,34 n GN

Ai i
0,34 n GN
Rm'

n care:

factorul de corectie a temperaturilor exterioare,


volumul interior, incalzit, al cladirii [m3],
R,m
cladirii, unui
A

rezistenta termica, specifica corectata, medie, pe ansamblul


element de constructie [m2K/W],
aria elementului de constructie [m 2], avand rezistenta

termica R,m ,
n

viteza de ventilare naturala a cladirii, respectiv numarul de

schimburi de aer pe ora [h-1].

2.2.

Aria anvelopei cldirii- A se calculeaz cu relatia:


A= A j
n care:
A
aria anvelopei, reprezentand suma tututor ariilor elementelor de constructie

perimetrale ale cladirii, prin care au loc pierderile de caldura;


Aj ariile elementelor de constructie care intra in alcatuirea anvelopei cladirii si anume:
Suprafata opaca a peretilor exteriori;
Suprafetele ferestrelor si usilor exterioare;
Suprafata planseelor de peste ultimul nivel, sub pod;
Suprafata planseelor in contact cu solul;
Ariile care alcatuiesc anvelopa unei cladiri (Aj) se determin astfel:
Ariile peretilor se calculeaz pe baza urmatoarelor dimensiuni:
o Pe orizontala, pe baza dimensiunilor interioare ale peretilor exteriori sau
ale celor de la rosturi;
o Pe verticala, intre fata superioara a pardoselii de la primul nivel incalzit,
pana la tavanul ultimului nivel ncalzit (inaltimea H=Hj).

Ariile tamplariei exterioare se iau in calcul pe baza dimensiunilor nominale ale golurilor din

pereti;
Ariile orizontale (terase, plansee, placi pe sol s.a.) se calculeaza pe baza dimensiunilor conturului
interior al peretilor care alcatuiesc anvelopa cladirii.

3. Volumul cladirii V reprezinta volumul delimitat pe contur de suprafetele perimetrale care


alcatuiesc anvelopa cladirii. Reprezinta volumul incalzit al cladirii, cuprinzand atat incaperile
incalzite direct (cu elemente de incalzire), cat si incaperile incalzite indirect (fara elemente de
incalzire), dar la care caldura patrunde prin peretii adiacenti lipsiti de o termoizolatie
semnificativa.
4. Rezistenta termica medie a anvelopei se poate calcula cu relatia:
Aj
R,m=
[(m2K)/W]
(L )
j

5. Determinarea coeficientului global normat de izolare termica (GN):


Coeficientul global normat de izolare termica este stabilit in functie de:
Numarul de niveluri (N)
Raportul dintre aria anvelopei si volumul cldirii (A/V).
6. Verificarea nivelului de izolare termica globala:
Nivelul de izolare termica globala este corespunzator, daca se realizeaz conditia:
GGN
[W/m3K]
Posibilitatile de realizare a acestei conditii trebuie sa fie atent analizate inca de la fazele
preliminare ale proiectului, atunci cand se face conceptia complexa a cladirii, cand inca se mai poate
interveni asupra configuratiei in plan si pe verticala a constructiei, precum si asupra parametrilor ei
geometrici.
Principalii factori geometrici, care influenteaza asupra coeficientului global de izolare
termica G, sunt urmatorii:

Raportul P/Ac, n care:


P perimetrul cladirii, masurat de conturul exterior al peretior de fatada;
Ac aria in plan a cladirii, limitata de perimetru (aria construita).

a) Determinarea caracteristicilor geometrice ale cladirii:


- Aria placii peste sol (A1):
A1=18,20*17,90=325,78 m2
- Perimetrul cladirii:
P=2*(18,2+17,9)= 72,2 m
- Inaltimea libera a cladirii:
H= m.
- Aria tamplariei exterioare:
A2=3*2*1,5+8*1,0*2,1+0,9*2,1+1,5*0,6+0,6*0,6+4*1,0*1,2+2*4*4,5=69,75 m2
- Aria peretilor exteriori:
A5=18,2*3,5+18,2*5,7+18,2*1+17,9*5,7+17,9*0,91+17,9*1,09-69,75=253,72
-

m2
Aria anvelopei:
A6=325,78+253,72+69,75=649,25 m2
Volumul cladirii:
V=
b) Determinarea rezistentelor termice in zona curenta se face pe baza formulei:

Ri 0,125m 2 K / W
Re 0,04m 2 K / W

R Ri

d
Re

(mK/W)

Ri
= rezistenta termica la interior,

Re
= rezistenta termica la exterior,
= conductivitatea termica de calcul,
d = grosimea unui element de constructie sau a unui strat al elemntului de constructie.
1. Pereti exteriori:

Fig.1 Structura peretilor exteriori

Asa cum rezulta din Fig.1, peretii exteriori au


urmatoarea structura:
Denumirea stratului de
. Crt. material

(m)

(W/

m*k)

Tencuiala interioara M

0,01

(mK/W)

0,84

0,011

9
Zidarie caramida

0,30

0,80

0,375

Izolatie termica polistiren

0,10

0,04

2,5

0,008

0,84

0,009

expandat

Tencuiala exterioara

5
Rezistenta

termica
0,125

Ri
interioara

(mK/W)

Rezistenta

termica

0,04

R Ri

2.8964

2,9828

d
Re

Re
exterioara

(mK/W)

2. Pardoseala rece

Fig.2 Structura pardoseala rece


Asa cum rezulta din Fig.2, pardoseala rece are urmatoarea structura:
Denumirea stratului de

. Crt. material

(W/m*k

Tencuiala

(mK/W)

0,84
2
1,74
5

4
2,03
1
termica

(mK/W)
termica

0,00
4

O,125

Rezistenta

0,04
3

Gresie

interioara

0,08

0,91

Ri

Sapa armata M 100

Rezistenta

0,02
3

Planseu beton armat

0,04

R Ri

0,15

0,321

d
Re

Re
exterioara

(mK/W)

3. Pardoseala calda

Fig.3 Structura pardoseala calda


Asa cum rezulta din fig.3, planseul inferior are urmatoarea structura:
Denumirea stratului de

. Crt. material

(W/m*k

Tencuiala

(mK/W)

0,84
2

Planseu beton armat

0,02
3

1,74
5

Sapa

2
0,08

6
0,91

4
Izofloor

0,04
3

0,04

0,05

0,40

0,02

02
Parchet

R Ri

0,22

0,387

d
Re

08
Rezistenta

termica
O,125

Ri
interioara

(mK/W)

Rezistenta

termica
0,04

Re
exterioara

(mK/W)

4.Acoperis

Fig.4 Structura acoperis


Asa cum rezulta din fig.4, acoperisul are urmatoarea structura:
Denumirea stratului de
. Crt. material

(m)

(W/m*

k)

Tabla

0,00
5

Strat aer

(mK/W)

0,012
6

0,03

0,023

0,41
3
1.30

4
Folie anticondens

0,00
1

Vata minerala

0,15

0,041

3,65

8
Polistiren

0,03

R Ri

0,04
0

0,75

7,55

7,718

d
Re

Bariere vapori

0,00
1

Strat aer

0,03

0,015
6
0,023

0,06

1.30

4
Placa gips carton

0,00
95

Rezistenta

O,125
(mK/W)

Rezistenta

termica
0,04

Re
exterioara

0,05

termica

Ri
interioara

0,17

(mK/W)

R`

c) Determinarea rezistentei termice medii globale se face pe baza formulei:

1 2
m K /W
U

,unde:
U

1 * l

R
A

R = rezistenta termica specifica unidirectionala fara punti termice,


U = coeficientul de transfer termic,
= coeficient specific linear de transfer termic,
l = lungimea puntii termice, A = calculul caracteristicii anvelopei fara ferestre la pereti
exteriori.
Coeficientii specifici liniari de transfer termic. Pe baza detaliilor din tabel se extrag
coeficientii liniari de transfer termic, pentru grosimea peretelui d = 30 cm.

Tip

Descriere

Rost

Detaliu

vertical,

col

vertical

la

Valoare
Zidrie 30cm

1= 2=0,146

perete exterior

Rost

2 intersecia perete interior -

=0.043

perete exterior
Rost

orizontal

3 intersecie planeu perete


exterior
Rost

orizontal

4 intersecie planeu cu balcon


perete exterior
Rost
5

1=0.034
2=0.054

1=0.220
2=0.282

orizontal

planeu peste subsol soclu

1=0.285

perei exeriori

2=0.295

Rost
6 planeu

peste

orizontal
subsol

=0.029

perete interior

Rost
fereastr

vertical

=0.176

Rost orizontal glaf

=0.198

fereastr

Rost

orizontal

1=0.045

fereastr i buiandrug

2=0.209

d) Calculul raportului A/V si determinarea coeficientului global de izolare termica, normat GN


A 950,772

0,581
V 1635,078
N = 3 niveluri
GN = 0,68
e) Determinarea coeficientului global de izolare termica( G ) se face pe baza formulei:

1
A *
*
0.34n
V
R'

(W/m3k), unde:

V = volumul incalzit al interiorului cladirii,


n = viteza de ventilatie naturala a cladirii (pentru cladiri de locuit n=3),

= un factor de corectie a temperaturii externe ( =1)

ApereteExt * Aplanseu inf* Aplanseu sup* Atamp *


A *


R'
R ' pereteExt
R ' planseu inf
R ' planseu sup
R ' tamp

312,637 *1 193,245 *1 193,245 *1 77,21 *1


A *

2413,317

R'
0,3197
0,3082
0,3628
0,28

1
* 2413,317 0.34 * 3 2,495
1635,078

Rezulta G>GN; in consecinta, trebuie sa se ia unele masuri de reducere a pierderilor de


caldura.

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