INTRODUCTION

Project Proposal

The Project “Railway Reservation” deals with the

automation of the reservation and enquiry of the railway

reservation system.

It maintains all information starting from reservation

to cancellation of tickets. It also acts as an enquiry system

about the different trains available. It gives the details of

the distance, arrival time and departure time of the

different trains.

The computerization is aimed at job simplification

and reducing the manual work and effective record

maintenance.

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 FEASIBILITY STUDY

Feasibility is the determination of whether or not a project is worth doing the

process followed making this determination is called feasibility study. This
of determines if a project can and should be taken. Once it has been
determined that a project is feasible, the analyst can go ahead and
prepare the project specification which finalizes project requirements.

Generally, feasibility studies are undertaken within right time constraints

and normally culminate in a written and oral feasibility report. The
contents and recommendations of such a study will be used as a sound
basis for deciding whether to proceed, postpone or cancel the project.

Thus, since the feasibility study may lead to the commitment of large
resources, it becomes necessary that it should be conducted competently
and that no fundamental and that no fundamental errors of judgment are
made.

An initial investigation culminates in a proposal that determines whether a

system is feasible or not. It determines its workability, impact on the
organization, ability to meet user needs, and effective user resources. The
objective of feasibility study is not solving the problem but to acquire a
sense of its scope. During the study, the problem definition is crystallized
and aspects of the problem to be included in the system are determined.
Consequently, cost and benefits are estimated with greater accuracy at this
stage. This is a bridge in between the User Requirements and the output that
he can avail under a set of given constraints, inputs and outputs.

The main steps are-

1. Statement of constraints.

2. Identification of specific system objectives.

3. Description of outputs.

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Once the constraints are spelled out, the analyst identifies the system’s
specific performance objectives, which are the candidate system’s
anticipated benefits, and measurable objectives.

• Increased vessel utilization.

• Real handshake between client and customer.

• Improved transshipment routes.

• Cost savings.

• Base account management.

• Improved customer service.

Feasibility study is a high level version of the entire system analysis and
design a process. The purpose of the feasibility is not to solve the problem
but to determine if the problem is worth solving. It is conduct performance is
defined by the identification of specific system objects and descriptive of
output.

There are following types of inter-related feasibility. They are:

• Technical Feasibility.

• Economic Feasibility Or Cost Feasibility.

• Operational Feasibility Or Time Feasibility.

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 TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY

Definition : The process of proving that the concept is technically

possible.

Objective : The objective of the Technical Feasibility step is to confirm

that the product will perform and to verify that there are no production
barriers.

Product : The product of this activity is a working model.

Technical Activities : During the Technical Feasibility step the

following must be completed:

• Test for technical feasibility;

• Examine the operational requirements;

• Identify potential safety and environmental hazards;

• Conduct a preliminary production feasibility assessment;

• Conduct a preliminary manufacturing assessment;

• Estimate engineering prototype costs;

Technical Information : The technical feasibility step generates

knowledge about the product or process's design, performance, production
requirements, and preliminary production costs.

This is concerned with specifying equipment and software and

hardware that will successfully satisfy the user requirement. The
technical needs off the system may vary considerably, but might
include:

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 • The facility to produce output in a given time.
• Response time under certain conditions.

• Ability to process a certain volume of transaction at a particular speed.

• Facility to communicate data to distant location.

In examining technical feasibility, configuration of the system is given

more importance than the actual make of hardware. The configuration
should give the complete picture about the system requirements. What
speeds of input and output should be achieved at particular quality of
printing.

According to the definition of technical feasibility the compatibility between

front-end and back-end is very important. In our project the compatibility of
both is very good. The degree of compatibility of Visual Basic and Ms-
Access & Foxpro is very good. The speed of out put is very good
when we enter the data and click button then the response time is
very fast and give result very quickset. I never find difficulty when
we use complex query or heavy transaction. The speed of transaction is
always smooth and constant. This software provides facility to communicate
data to distant location.

We use Visual Basic the designing of front-end of any project is very

important so we select Visual Basic as front-end due to following
reason:

• Easy implementation of code.

• Well define interface with database.

• Well define hand shaking of MS-Access.

• Easy debugging.

It center’s around the existing computer system (Hardware & Software) and
to what extent it can support the proposed system. The necessary hardware
and software tools available in the organization and the software
recommended support the system objects.

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Technical feasibility is based on three questions :

Q1:- Is the proposed technology or solution practical?

Q2:- Does the organization currently uses the necessary technology?

Q3:- Does the organization have necessary technically expertise?

Generally the technology for any defined solution is available. The question
which should be consider is whether that technology is mature enough to be
easily applied to the problem. We can say that the technical feasibility, the
analyst must find out whether current technology resources which are
available in the organization are capable of handling the user requirement.

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 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY

Economic analysis is the most frequently used technique for evaluating

the effectiveness of a proposed system. More commonly known as
cost/benefit analysis: the procedure is to determine the benefits and
saving that are expected from a proposed system and compare them
with cost. if benefits outweighs cost ,a decision is taken to design and
implement the system. Otherwise, further justification or alternative in
the proposed system will have to be made if it is to have a chance
of being approved. This is an ongoing effort that improves in accuracy
at each phase of the system life cycle.

So, total cost of the proposed system is very cheap. Hence the organization
will not find any difficulty at the installation time and after installation
user also newer find difficulty i.e. Hang, slow speed or slow response
time.

One project is compulsory for each student this project is either

dummy or live. If I am developing a live project then it gives a lot
of confidence. It is better for me and for company because, I am
developing a system with out any money. So every thing is in favor
now, I can say the cost of this software is I think negligible. Hence
the economical feasibility is very good.

Economic analysis is the most frequently used method for evaluating the
effectiveness of the proposed system. This is an on going effort that
improves in accuracy at each phase of the system life cycle. As the
necessary software and hardware is available in the organization. In the
initial investment for proposed system is nil. The proposed system
minimizes the time and the effort of the data collection answering queries
and generates reports which result significant saving of the operating cost.
Thus the proposed system is economically feasible.

Economic or cost feasibility is the determination of the resources that are :

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• Management time.

• Time spend by system analyses team.

• Cost of doing full system study.

• Estimated cost of hardware.

• Estimated cost of software or software development.

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 OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY

Users are inherently resistant to change and computers have been known to
facilitate change. An estimate should be made of how strong a reaction the
user is likely to towards the development of a new system. As the proposed
system is user friendly package with all visual aids the effort that goes into
education and training the user is almost negligible. Therefore resistance to
the proposed system is nil.

Operational feasibility is the problem or acceptability of the solution. There

are two aspects of the operational feasibility.

• If the problem worth solving or will the solution of the problem

worth.

• What to the end users & the management feal about the problem or
solution.

The following points are consider for the above issue –

1. Performance :- The should be able to provide adequate output &

response time.

2. Information :- The system should generates timely, accurate &

useful information for the managers & users.

3. Economy :- The system should provide service label & capacity to

reduce the cost of the business or increase the profit of the business.

4. Control :- The system should have a probigen for take control to

protect the system against fraud & should guarantee of the security of
data & information.

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5. Efficiency :- The system should make the optimum use of the
available resources including time, minimum process delay & other
related activities.

6. Services :- The system should provide desirable & reliable services

to those who request for it.

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 MODULE DESCRIPTIONS

The proposed system's design contains five modules:

ENQUIRY :

This functional module includes two entities - PASSENGER and FRONT

DESK.

MODIFICATION OF FARE RATES :

Under a password protected module the booking officer is allowed to

modify the fare rates of the trains for a particular class (reservation
categories) for a particular distance. This helps in maintaining or updating
the new rates.

RESERVATION :

This module includes booking of the ticket by any passenger as per the
inputs (like station, date of journey, class of reservation, etc.). And then after
checking the availability and status of reservation tending passenger a
unique PNR No. along with a reservation ticket with full details of journey
viz., arrival, departure, etc.

The booking officer has to collect, either verbally or in written, the personal
data of the passenger(s) and then enters to the database. The passenger is
issued a PNR No.

CANCELLATION :

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In Cancellation module, the advance booking for a train by a passenger is
cancelled by on passenger's request. It requires only PNR No. to enter. The
computer-based system cancels the reservation by deleting the passenger's
record and automatically adding a seat to the seats available field for that
train or converting the waiting status of first applicant in waiting list to
confirmed passenger (as per which is applicable).

PASSWORD :

Password is allotted to the user in order to guard the system from

unauthorized access at system's level. It firstly, checks for validity of old
password. If is found valid, the user is allowed to modify the safety data.

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 PROBLEM ANALYSIS

To develop software the first thing, which comes in mind, is that why we
need to develop software. What are the problems faced by the user or staff to
maintain manually their records so that they decided to computerized their
working.

In Railway Reservation there are so many tasks, which are tedious and time
consuming. The person who maintain the reservation manually face so many
problems like searching details of a booked tickets, security problem is the
main problem which is faced by the person that they maintain registers and
any one can change details easily.

So to solve these types of problems we design a computerized railway

reservation system, which is easy to operate, and only authorized person can
edit the information. Record entry and searching is not time consuming and
fine is calculated automatically.

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 REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATIONS

We choose our project to automate the “Railway Reservation system”.

Railway reservation includes various tasks. Visual basic is graphical user
interface based language, and using it, the user knows the appearance of the
output.

For managing databases we used MS-Access, visual basic support MS-

Access for connecting databases using Data Control. In MS-Access we can
easily create tables, queries and many more useful operations.

ANALYSIS :
We collected data needed for the project by:

• Personal interaction with staff members.

• From manuals.

• From information brochures.

• From catalogues.

• From Internet.

FACT FINDING :
The requirement gathering is an art the person who gathers requirement
should have knowledge of what & when together information & by what
resources. The requirements are gather regarding organization which include

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information regarding its policies, objectives & organization structure,
regarding user staff. It includes the information about job function & their
personal details, regarding the functions of the organization including
information about workflow, work schedules & working procedures.

After obtaining this background knowledge, the analyst begins to collect

data on the existing system’s outputs, inputs and costs. The tools used in
data collection are:

• Record Reviews.

• On-site observations.

• Interviews.

• Questionnaires.

1. Record Reviews :- A review of recorded documents of the

organization is performed procedures, manuals, forms & book are
reviewed to see format & functions of present system. The search time
in this technique is more.

2. On-site Observation :- In case of real life system the actual site

visit is performed to get a close look of system. It helps the analyst to
detect the problems of existing system.

3. Interviews :- A personal interaction with staff is performed to

identified their requirements. It requires experience of arranging the
interview, setting the stage, avoiding arguments & evaluating the
outcome.

4. Questionnaires :- It is an effective tool which requires less effort

& produces a written document about requirements. It examines a
large number of respondents simultaneously & gets customized
answers. It gives person sufficient time to answer the query & give
correct answers.

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In On-site Observation we find that the person who maintain railway
reservation. In that system he faces so many problems. Like He maintains
ticket details register and maintain registers for passenger details, reservation
ticket issue and cancellation records. This may results error in calculations.
This system is time consuming too. The main problem faced by passengers
is that the manual process is very time consuming.
SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT

Visual Basic is used as front end.

HISTORY OF VISUAL BASIC :

Visual Basic evolved from BASIC (Beginner’s All-Purposes Symbolic
Instruction Code). Basic was developed in the mid-1960 by Professor John
Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz of Dartmouth College as a language for writing
simple programs.

The wide spread use of Basic with various type computer and led to many
enhancements to the language. With developments of the Microsoft
Windows Graphical User Interface (GUI) in the late of 1980’s and the early
1990’s the natural evaluation of BASIC was Visual Basic, which was
created by Microsoft Corporation in 1991.

ADVANTAGES & FEATURES OF VISUAL BASIC :

Visual Basic is a high level programming language. By going through
Visual Basic programme, one can easily understand the logic of the
programme and various steps involved in solving the define problem.

Visual Basic supports Object Oriented Programming through which an

programme operation can be logically separated from each other.

Visual Basic Programs are easily readable and understandable because their
statements are almost similar to the English Language Statements. Visual
Basic Programs are created in an Integrated Development Environment

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(IDE). The IDE allows the programmer to create run and debug Visual Basic
Programme conveniently.

Visual Basic is the world’s most widely used Rapid Application

Development (RAD). It has indexing, table handling, multiple page report
and other special features, which are general requirements of any
programming environment.
Visual Basic Programs can be compiled to run as a stand-alone package.
VISUAL BASIC is one of the easiest programming tool to master. With
some basic guidance, anybody could come-up with a nice little windows-
based programme within a short time, age is not the limit. However do not
ever think that Visual Basic can only build simple programs, you could
actually develop very advance and powerful applications. Indeed, Visual
Basic 6.0 even allows to develop web applications.

WHAT IS VISUAL BASIC :

The "Visual" part refers to the method used to create the graphical user
interface (GUI). Rather than writing numerous lines of code to describe the
appearance and location of interface elements, you simply add rebuilt
objects into place on screen. If you've ever used a drawing program such as
paint, you already have most of the skills necessary to create an effective
user interface.

The "Basic" part refers to the BASIC (Beginners All-Purpose Symbolic

Instruction Code) Language, a language used by more programmers than
any other language in the history of computing. Visual Basic has evolved
from the original BASIC language and now contains several hundred
statements, functions, and keywords, many of which relate directly to the
Windows GUI.

Beginners can create useful applications by learning just a few of the

keywords, yet the power of the language allows professionals to accomplish
anything that can be accomplished using any other Windows programming
language.

The visual Basic programming language is not unique to Visual Basic. The
Visual Basic programming system, Applications Edition included in
Microsoft Excel, Microsoft access, and many other Windows applications

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uses the same language and a subset of the Visual Basic language the
investment you make in learning Visual Basic will carry over to these other
areas.

MICROSOFT ACCESS :
Using Microsoft Access, you can manage all your information from a single
database file. Within the file, you can use:

• Tables to store your data.

• Queries to find and retrieve just the data you want.

• Forms to view, add, and update data in tables.

• Reports to analyze or print data in a specific layout.

• Data access pages to view, update, or analyze the database's data from
the Internet or an Intranet.

MICROSOFT ACCESS PROVIDES THE FOLLOWING

FEATURES :

Store data once in one table, but view it from multiple locations. When you
update the data, it's automatically updated everywhere it appears.

• Display data in a query.

• Display data in a form.

• Display data in a report.

• Display data in a data access page.

In our application MS-Access used as a back end.

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 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
SPECIFICATION

Once the system analyst have identified the precise user requirements and
analyzed these requirements to weed out inconsistencies, they proceed to
write the document called the Software Requirements Specification (SRS). It
is the final output of the requirements analysis and specification phase.

This document is generated as output of requirement analysis. The

requirement analysis involves obtaining a clear & through understanding of
the product to be developed. Thus SRS should be consistent, correct,
unambiguous & complete document. The developer of the system can
prepare SRS after detailed communication with the customer.

An SRS document should clearly document the following -

• External interfaces of the system they identify the information which

is to flow “From” & “To” the System.

• Functional & Non Functional Requirements of the system.

• Design Constraints of the system.

A SRS should have characteristics like concise, unambiguous, consistent,

complete, well structured, etc.

The SRS outline is given below –

(i) Introduction

(a) Purpose
(b) Scope
(c) Definition, Acronyms

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 (d) References
(e) Overview

(ii) Description

(a) Product Perspective

(b) Product Function
(c) User Characteristics
(d) Constraints
(e) Assumption & Dependencies

(iii) Specific Requirements

(a) External Interfaces

(b) Functional Requirements
(c) Non Functional Requirements
(d) Database Requirements
(e) Design Constraints
(f) Software System Attributes
(g) Additional Comments

(iv) Supporting Information

(a) Table of Contents & Index

(b) Appendixes

BACKGROUND :
The basic objective behind the creation of this project was the innumerable
problems faced by the users in managing database of Railway Reservation
System. Normally if someone decides to check the information of Railway
Reservation of any year then he/she face a lot of task for that. For example,
User wants to know information of Railway Reservation of particular
subject in a particular state then no present system that generate directly
reports in this concern and we have collect information from different
documents . The entire process was very time consuming and monotonous.

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A system was needed which can overcome these problems and make the
entire process very simple.

OVERALL DESCRIPTION :
This project is being developed with the intention of fixing all the problems
currently affecting the manual system. It contains all the important links to
the various tasks or categories of topics related to manage Railway database.
The project is an important resource for people, who want studies about the
Railway Reservation degree outturn in a different subjects and different
field’s also state wise estimation. With the help of this project, user can
collect details about doctoral degree, the related tasks that they wants to
perform and that is all with just few clicks of mouse.

REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS :
Requirement analysis is done in order to understand the problem,
which the software system is solve. The emphasis is on identifying
what is needed for the system and not how the system will achieve
the same. Often at least two parties are involved in software
development-A client and a developer. The developer has to develop
the system to satisfy the client’s needs. Here is this case the problem
is to automate an existing manual system. Analysis of existing system
is done to identify the requirement of the client and interaction with
the client and end user. By studying the existing manuals and
procedures new requirements are identified.

DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINES :
The following aspects are generally recognized in the industry as the goals
of software engineering, which are kept in mind during development
of software systems.

• Modifiability
• Accuracy
• Reliability

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 • Efficiency
• Simplicity
• Future Proofing
• Modularity
• Scalability
• Integrability

Modifiability :- The proposed application must be structured to support

latter expected modification, pupation, and cancellation resulting from
change to the performance requirements, desire outputs.

Accuracy :- The extent to, which the reimbursement system satisfies

its specifications and fulfills user objectives.

Reliability :- Reliability is the future free operation of software in a

specified environment for a specified time.

Efficiency :- The amount of computing resources and code required

by the reimbursement management system are performed for its
function. The efficiency of source code is directly tied to the
efficiency of algorithms defined during detail design.

Simplicity in use :- All programs used in this application should be

understood without difficulty.

Future Proofing :- The application should be able to incorporate

further enhancements from Intranet to Internet/Extranet based on
requirements, technologies developed and usability.

Modularity :- The application/system should be designed as a

hierarchy of modules.

Scalability :- The application should be scaleable to support any

number of users provided the hardware requirements are met.

Integrability :- The application should integrate with the existing

system that has direct relations.

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Usability :- The effort required for learning to operate the input and
interpreting the output of an application.

Maintainability :- The effort required for learning ,operate, prepare

input, interpret output and fix error in the software should be as
minimum as possible.

Flexibility :- Modification of this application should be done without

many efforts.

Testability :- The effort required in testing software that performs its

intend function should be minimum.

Portability :- The effort required in transferring, the application from

one hardware to another should be minimum and the entire process of
doing the same as for as possible, the same should be accomplished
through installation of programs/interfaces whether feasible.

Reusability :- The function and structure are so created that a

program (i.e., both source code as well as complied components) can
be reused in other application.

Security :- The applications should be secured from unauthorized

access or physical damage.

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SYSTEM DESIGN :

The design of the information system produce the detail that state
how a system will meet the requirement identified during system
analysis, is often referred to as stage of logical design, in contrast to
the process of developing program software, which is referred to as
physical design.

System analysts being the process by identifying reports, the

requirement and output need by the system. Then the specific data on
each are pinpointed. Usually, designers sketch the form or displays they
expect from the system. This can also be done on a paper or on the
computer display with the help of automated system tools available.

The system design also describes the date to be input, calculated, or

stored. Individual date items and calculation procedures are written in
detail. The procedures tell how to process the data and produce the
output.

Designers are responsible for providing programmers with complete and

clearly outlined software specification. As programming starts,
designers are able to answer questions, clarify fuzzy areas, and handle
problems that confront the programmers when using the design
specifications As the software is to be designed in Visual Basic and
back- end MS-Access, the concept of database is must for quantity
designing.

Design is the central, unifying process for software development and

maintenance. It is a decision making task, often concerning major decisions
of a structural nature. The design process maps the “What to do?” of user
requirements specifications into the “How to do it?” of the design
specifications.

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The output of requirements management defines what the system will do;
the output of design (design document or design model) defines how it will
be done and provides the relevant amount of information to the developers
to enable him/her to write a valid and efficient code.

DESIGEN OVERVIEW :
The design stage takes the final specification of the “DATABASE ON
RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM ” from analysis and finds the
best way of fulfilling them, give the technical environment and
previous decision on required level of automation.

The System design is carried out in two phases:

• design (High Level Design).

• Detailed design (Low Level Design).

HIGH LEVEL DESIGN :

The high-level design maps the business system described in the

program requirement specification to logical data structure.
It involves-

• Identifying the entities : - All the entities related to the module

were identified, checked and consolidated.

• Identifying the relationship :- The relationships between entities,

within and outside the system were identified.

• Attribute definition :- The pertaining to the entities was

identified and their field characteristics were specified.

• Normalization :- The entities were normalized.

• Interface :- Interfacing with other system was done and attributes

related to external entities were identified. Once the entities and
their attributes were defined, entity relationship diagrams.

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LOW LEVEL DESIGN :

The low-level design maps the logical; model; of the system to a

physical database design:

DEFAULT DATABASE DESIGN :

This utility create column and constraint definitions form the entity
model and the table / entity mapping entered in :

CASE* dictionary :

This database design can be refined according to your application

regarding using can be refined according to your application regarding
using the tables, columns sand key constraint definition screen to
make amendments.

The step involved here were:

• Generation of table.
• Primary key.
• Unique key.
• Foreign key.

MODULE DESIGN :

This screen is used to enter module information during the design

stage of business system development. The application systems,
function, tables and columns must already exist in CASE* dictionary
before being referenced.

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USER PREFERENCE :
Based on user preference like form name, validation of primary key,
layout of forms, layout of fields. Creating title for forms, mandatory
input field prompts etc. was incorporated here.

GENERATE THE PROGRAM :

The program was generated based on the relationship specified and

according to the user preferences.

DESIGN METHODOLOGY :

THREE TIER ARCHITECTURE :

A three tier distributed client/server architecture includes a user system

interface top tier where user services (such as text input, dialog, and display
management) reside.

The third tier provides database management functionality and is dedicated

to data and file services that can be optimized without using any proprietary
database management system languages. The data management component
ensures that the data is consistent throughout the distributed environment
through the use of features such as data locking, consistency, and

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replication. It should be noted that connectivity between tiers can be
dynamically changed depending upon the user's request for data and
services.

The middle tier provides process management services (such as process

development, process enactment, process monitoring, and process
resourcing) that are shared by multiple applications. The middle tier server
(also referred to as the application server) improves performance, flexibility,
maintainability, reusability, and scalability by centralizing process logic.
Centralized process logic makes administration and change management
easier by localizing system functionality so that changes must only be
written once and placed on the middle tier server to be available throughout
the systems. With other architectural designs, a change to a function
(service) would need to be written into every application.

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 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

This software requires following configuration of an IBM or compatible

P.C. –

• Microprocessor 486 or higher.

• RAM –16 M.B. or higher.

• Windows 2007 / XP Operating System.

• Hard Disk Drive with 2.1 G.B. free disk space.

• Floppy Disk Drive.

• Compact Disk Drive.

• A Mouse.

• A Keyboard.

• A Monitor.

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LIMITATIONS :
We have made humble efforts in preparing the software, so that it can be in
the functioning condition. But due to lack of time some conditions cannot be
applied like – This project cannot work in client/server environment.

Another limitation is that software will not run under 3.11 operating system.

FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT :

The future enhancement of the software can provide many more other
facilities like barcode reading, book reservation tickets of the Railways.

FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS :
The further improvements can be done in project, are list can be generated in
different format as according to the requirements, printing of list on printer
directly given the commands or by pressing the command button, backup of
all the records in the database. It can be made like it can work in
client/server environment.

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 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A DATABASE is a collection of related data. A database represents some

aspects of the real world, sometimes called the miniworld or the Universe of
Discourse (UoD).

Database is a logically coherent collection of data with some inherent

meaning. It is designed, built and populated with data for a specific purpose.
This data is used by organization/individuals to meet their information
processing requirements.

The most important thing in a database is that the database should be treated
as a foundation stone for the future application for the organization.

A database may be generated and manipulated manually or it may be

computerized. A computerized database may be created and maintained
either by a group of application programs written specifically for that task or
by database management system.

A DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS) is a collection of

programs that enables user to create and maintain a database.

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 DATA TABLE

LOGIN :-

This relation is used to store the USER ID and PASSWORD of various

authorized users.

S. NO. ATTRIBUTE NAME DATA TAYPE

1. LOGIN TEXT
2. PASSWORD TEXT

The field Login is used to accept the Login-IDs of the User which are
provided only to a few persons in the railway to provide security.

The Field Password is used to accept password from the user to prevent
unauthorized access.

ENQUIRY :-

S. NO. ATTRIBUTE NAME DATA TYPE

1. USERNAME TEXT
2. PASSWORD TEXT
3. REPEAT PASSWORD TEXT
4. ADDRESS TEXT
5. FATHER’s NAME TEXT
6. DOB DATE/TIME
7. STATE TEXT
8. DISTRICT TEXT
9. PINCODE NUMBER

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This relation is used to store the passenger details for reservation
of the train.
The Field USERNAME is used to accept the name of the
passenger for whom the reservation is required.

The Field PASSWORD is used to accept password from the user to prevent
unauthorized access.

The Field REPEAT PASSWORD is used to accept repeat password.

The Field ADDRESS is used to accept address of the user.

The Field FATHER’s NAME is used to accept the father’s name

of the passenger for whom the reservation is required.

The Field DOB is used to accept dob of the user.

The Field STATE is used to accept state of the user.

The Field DISTRICT is used to accept district of the user to prevent

unauthorized access.

The Field PINCODE is used to accept pin code of the city of the user.

RESERVATION :-

S. NO. ATTRIBUTE NAME DATA TYPE

1. TRAIN NO. NUMBER
2. TRAIN NAME TEXT
3. TICKET NO. NUMBER
4. NAME TEXT
5. FATHER’s NAME TEXT
6. AGE NUMBER
7. GENDER TEXT
8. DATE OF JOURNEY DATE/TIME
9. COACH TEXT
10. BERTH TEXT

33
11. SEAT NO. NUMBER
12. CLASS TEXT
13. RENT NUMBER

This relation is used to store the reservation details of all the

trains.

The field TRAIN NO. is used to accept the train number of the
trains.

The field TRAIN NAME is used to accept the train name.

The field TICKET NO. is used to accept the ticket number of the
trains.

The Field NAME is used to accept the name of the passenger for
whom the reservation is required.

The Field FATHER’s NAME is used to accept the father’s name

of the passenger for whom the reservation is required.

The Field AGE is used to accept the age of the passenger for
whom the reservation is required.

The Field GENDER is used to accept the name of the sex for
whom the reservation is required.

The Field DATE OF JOURNEY is used to accept the date of the

reservation.

The Field COACH is used to accept the coach of the reservation.

The Field BERTH is used to accept the berth of the reservation.

The Field SEAT NO. is used to accept the seat no. of the
passenger of the reservation.

The Field CLASS is used to accept the class in which the

reservation is required.

34
The Field RENT is used to accept the rent of the reservation.

TRAIN ENQUIRY :-

S. NO. ATTRIBUTE NAME DATA TYPE

1. TRAIN NO. NUMBER
2. TRAIN NAME TEXT
3. P (PANTRY) TEXT
4. FROM TEXT
5. DEP (DEPARTURE TIME AT THE FROM STATION) DATE / TIME
6. TO TEXT
7. ARR (ARRIVAL TIME AT THE TO STAION) DATE / TIME
8. TRAVEL (TRAVEL TIME OF THE TRAIN) DATE / TIME
9. R TEXT
10. MON TEXT
11. TUE TEXT
12. WED TEXT
13. THU TEXT
14. FRI TEXT
15. SAT TEXT
16. SUN TEXT
17. 1A (AC 1-TIER SLEEPER ON THE TOP) TEXT
18. 2A (AC 2-TIER SLEEPER ON THE TOP) TEXT
19. 3A (AC 3-TIER SLEEPER ON THE TOP) TEXT
20. CC (AC CHAIR CAR ON THE TOP) TEXT
21. FC (FIRST CLASS ON THE TOP) TEXT
22. SL (SLEEPER CLASS ON THE TOP) TEXT
23. 2S (SECOND SITTING ON THE TOP) TEXT
24. 3E (3 AC ECONOMY ON THE TOP) TEXT
25. AC 1ST CLASS CHARGE CURRENCY
26. AC 2ND CLASS CHARGE CURRENCY
27. AC 3RD CLASS CHARGE CURRENCY
28. CC CHARGE CURRENCY
29. FC CHARGE CURRENCY
30. SL CHARGE CURRENCY
31. 2S CHARGE CURRENCY

This relation is used to store the train details for reservation of

the train.

35
The field TRAIN NO. is used to accept the train number of the
trains.
The field TRAIN NAME is used to accept the train name.

The field PANTRY is used to accept the ticket number of the

trains.

The field FROM is used to accept the initial point of the train.

The field DEP is used to accept the time of the departure of the train.

The field TO is used to accept the time of the destination of the train.

The field ARR is used to accept the time of the arrival time of the train.

The field TRAVEL is used to accept the travel time of the train.

36
 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

The Data Flow Diagram shows the flow of data or information. It can be
partitioned into single processes or functions. Data Flow Diagrams can be
grouped together or decomposed into multiple processes. As information
moves through software, it is modified by a series of transformations. A data
flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation that depicts information
flow and the transform that are applied as data move from input to output at
any level of data abstraction. In fact Data Flow Diagrams may be partitioned
into levels that represent increasing information flow and functional details.
Therefore the DFD provides a mechanism for functional modeling as well as
information flow modeling.

It is a graphical representation of flow of data through a system. Its pictures

a system as a network of functional processes. The bases of DFD is a data
flow graph which pictorially represents information on data as shown-

37
 Input Data Input Data
External Entity Level 1 External Entity
Processing

Intermediate Data

Output Data

External Entity Level 2 External Entity

Processing

Intermediate Data

Level 3
Processing

Data store
Output Data

External Entity

In this diagram the external entities provide input data for the processing
during the processing some intermediate data is generated. The data store is
the repository of data.

The structure approach of system design requires extensive modeling of the

system. Thus instead of making a complete model exhibiting the
functionality of system. The DFD’s are created in a layered manner at the
first layer the DFD is made at block level & in lower layers the details are
shown. Thus level-0 DFD makes a fundamental system.

38
 I1
Process Output
I2

‘0’ Level DFD

DFD’s can represent the system at any level of abstraction. DFD of ‘0’ level
views entire software elements as a single bubble with indication of only
input & output data. Thus ‘0’ level DFD is also called as “Context diagram”.

Rules for making DFD : -

The following factures should be considered while making DFD’s-

• Keep a note of all the processes & external entities, give unique
names to them identify the manner in which they interact with each
other.

• Do numbering of processes.

• The DFD should be internally consistent.

• Every process should have minimum of one input & output.

• The data store should contain all the data element that flow as input
& output.

39
Types of DFD : -
Different levels of DFD show the application at different levels of detail-

LEVEL ‘0’ OR CONTEXT DIAGRAM :-

The highest-level DFD (Level 0) shows the entire application as a single

process surrounded by its data stores and is sometimes known as Context
Diagram.

A context diagram plays a very important role in software development. It

contains a single process which describes the system interfaces to the
business & outside the world or we can say that it determines the
boundaries.

LEVEL - 1 OR PHYSICAL DIAGRAM :-

The next level down (Level 1) shows the whole application again but with
the main Processes, the data flows between them and their individual links
to the data Stores. Data Stores remain the same at all levels of abstraction
but new stores may be introduced at any level. These are usually temporary
stores such as views and cursor, which are required in lower level processes.

The physical DFD defines who is doing a particular operation. It shows how
things happen in the physical components.

LEVEL - 2 OR LOGICAL DIAGRAM :-

A logical DFD shows what a system is doing rather than what is being done.
It shows what occurs i.e. it only specifies type of the operation perform.

40
DATA FLOW DIAGRAM FOR RAILWAY
RESERVATION SYSTEM : -

Customer

New Reservation Schedules

Railway
Edit Reservation Reservation Cancellation
System

Allow new User Reservation

DFD DIAGRAM FOR RAILWAY RESERVATION SYSTEM

41
 ENTITY RELTIONSHIP DIAGRAM

An entity relationship diagram is a graphical representation of entities and

their relationships to each other. Typically used in computing regarding the
data within database or information system.

The E-R data model is based on a perception of a real word which consist of
a set of basic object. The overall logical structure of a database can be
expressed graphically by an E-R diagram.

Entity Relationship Diagrams have three different components:

• Entity
• Attributes
• Relationship
• Key Attributes

ENTITY :
Entities are the principal data object about which information is to be
collected. Entities are usually recognizable concepts, either concrete or
abstract, such as person, places, things, or events, which have relevance to
the database. An entity is analogous to a table in the relational model.

Categories of different entities include –

1. Person :- Student, Teacher, Employee, Manager etc.

2. Place :- Head office, Branch office, Building etc.
3. Objects :- Book, Vehicle etc.
4. Event :- Selling, Reservation, Ticket booking, Registration etc.

(a) Entity Set :- An entity set is the collection of entities of the same type
i.e. the entities which are share common properties or attributes.

Ex :- The set of all employees of an organization can be called as the

entity set employee.

42
ATTRIBUTE :
Each entity can have a number of characteristics which is called “attribute”
of that entity.

A data attribute is a characteristic common to all or most instances of a

particular entity. An attribute or combination of attributes that uniquely
identifies one and only one instance of an entity is called a primary key or
identifier.

Ex :- An entity “Client” can have characteristic like name, address, phone

number etc.

Some attributes can be logically grouped into super attribute called

“compound attributes”.

TYPES OF ATTRIBUTES :-

1. Simple & Composite Attributes :- The attributes have been simple

i.e. they are not divided into subparts.
Composite attributes can be divided into subparts (i.e. other attributes).

Ex :- An attribute name could be structured as a composite attribute

consisting of first name, middle name and last name.

2. Single and Multi-Valued Attributes :- The Attributes that has single

value is called single valued attributes and the attributes that has more
than one value is called multi valued attributes.

Ex :- The loan number attributes for a specific loan entity refers to only
one loan number, such attributes are said to be single value.

An employee entity set with the attribute phone number is said to be

multi-valued attributes.

3. Derived Attributes :- The value for this type of attributes can be

derived from the values of other related attributes or entities.

43
 Ex :- Suppose that the customer entity set has an attribute age, which
indicates the customer’s age. If the customer entity set also has an
attribute date of birth, we can calculate age from date of birth and the
current date. Thus age is a derive attribute.

RELATIONSHIP :
A data relationship is a natural association that exists between one or more
entities. The connectivity of a relationship describes the mapping of
associated entity instances in the relationship. The values of connectivity are
“one” or “many”. The cardinality of a relationship is the actual number of
related occurrences for each of the two entities. The basic types of
connectivity for relations are :

• One-to-one (1:1)
• One-to-many (1:m)
• Many-to-many (m:m)

A one-to-one (1:1) relationship is when at most one instance of an entity A

is associated with one instance of entity B.

A one-to-many (1:M) relationship is when for one instance of entity A,

there are zero, one, or many instances of entity B, but for one instance of
entity B, there is only one instance of entity A.

A many-to-many (M: M) relationship, sometimes called non-specific, is

when for one instance of entity A, there are zero, one, or many instances of
entity B and for one instance of entity B there are zero, one, or many
instances of entity A.

KEY ATTRIBUTES :

The key attribute is an attribute that uniquely identifies an entity in the entity
set.

Ex :- Employee_code can be the key attribute for the entity set employee
because it uniquely identifies each employee entity.

44
SYMBOLS OF E-R DIAGRAM :

An E-R diagram can express the overall logical structure of a database

graphically. E-R diagram consist of the following major components:

• Rectangle : Which represent entity set.

• Ellipses : Which represent attributes.

• Diamonds : Which represent relationship sets.

• Lines : Which link attributes to entity sets and entity sets to

relationship sets.

45
• Double Ellipses : Which represent multi-valued attributes.

• Dashed Ellipse : Which denotes derived attributes.

• Double Linear : Which indicate total participation of an entity in a

relationship set.

• Double Rectangle : Which represent weak entity set.

46
E-R DIAGRAM OF RAILWAY RESERVATION
DATABASE :-

Source
Date

Entry Date
Destination

Class Book Ticket Information

PNR No.

Passenger details Fore

Train Availability

Train Name

Class Distance

New Rates

47
 Address

Age
Name

Passenger Details City

Phone No.

State
Pin code

Sex

Login_id

Password

48
ACTIVITY DIAGRAM FOR RAILWAY
RESERVATION SYSTEM

Customer Administrator

Start

Reserve Ticket Cancel Ticket Check For Seat

Reservation

No
View Details Check
Yes Rese-
rvation
Inform Customer
List

Fill Form No
Give Details

Yes
Submit Form Issue Ticket
Give Form

Stop

Return Payment

49
 TESTING & DEBUUGGING

SYSTEM TESTING :

Testing Methodology :

The various test cases have been made to find out the bug if any in the
application. The test cases have been made keeping in mind to test the
individual module as well as system as a whole. The test cases have been
given by the client which in my application was NISTADS team. Now the
application is fully functional without any bugs.

The testing activities are done in all phases of the lifecycle in an iterative
software development approach. However, the emphasis on testing activities
varies in different phases. This procedure explains the focus of testing in
inception, elaboration, construction and transition phases. In the inception
phase most of requirements capturing is done and the test plan is developed.
In elaboration phase most of design is developed, and test cases are
developed. Construction phase mainly focuses on development of
components and units, and unit testing is the focus in this phase. Transition
phase is about deploying software in the user community and most of the
system testing and acceptance testing is done in this phase.

There are following rules that can serve well as testing objectives:

• Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of

finding an error.
• A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding
an as-yet-undiscovered error.
• A successful test is one that uncovers as-yet-undiscovered error.

50
UNIT TESTING :
Unit testing is done as per Testing Guidelines. It refers to the process of
changes made to a new or existing system. Unit testing is a process in which
a tester test the each module individually.

MODULE TESTING :
Module testing is also known as unit or component testing phase, module
testing is concerned with the testing of the smallest piece of software for
which a separate specification exists. It focuses on verification of the
smallest unit of software design -- the module. Using the detailed design
specification as a guide, important control paths are tested to uncover errors
within the boundary of the module. The man to machine interfaces are tested
to assure that information properly flows into and out of the module,
allowable boundary values are verified, and module-data structure interface
is tested to assure that data is properly stored according to established
integrity rules. Module testing is performed during the Build Stage.

INTEGERATION TESTING :
The system integrator compiles and links the system in increments. Each
increment needs to go through testing of the functionality that has been
added, as well as all tests the previous builds went through (regression tests).
Within iteration, integration testing is executed several times until the whole
system has been successfully integrated.

Testing is done as per the Test Plan for the project. A Testing Team who
may be an independent team or may include members of the project team
carries out the tests.

51
SYSTEM TESTING :
System testing is initiated through a System release and a Release Note from
Development team to the testing team. The purpose of the System Testing is
to ensure that the complete system functions are intended. The system roles
in PMP compile and link the system in increments.

System Testing is similar to the Integration testing except that it is run under
customer environment or in an environment as similar as to the customer
environment, as possible. During the System testing the performance criteria
is tested and factors like stress, transaction timing, volume of data,
transaction frequency etc. are validated. The ability of the Software to be
installed in an environment likely to be encountered at the site of the
customer is also checked here.

System testing of the software is performed against base lined software and
the base lined documentation of the customer requirements and the software
requirements specification documentation.

After System Testing, efforts should be made to conduct other types of

testing such as:

• Stress Testing/Volume Testing (testing the performance etc.)

• Security testing (testing the system against security measures e.g.

password, etc.)

• Recovery testing (the recovery techniques, in case the system crashes)

• Regression testing (to ensure that changes have not caused unintended
effects on the baseline).

During system testing the system is used experimentally to ensure that

the software does not fail i.e. it will run according to its specifications
and in the way users expect. Special test data are input for the

52
processing and the results examine. A limited number of users try to
use it in unforeseen ways. It is preferable to discover any surprise
before the organization implements the system and depend upon it.

In many organizations persons other than those who wrote the original
programs to ensure more complete and unbiased testing and more
reliable testing perform testing.

The norms that were followed during the phase were that after the
developer of the software has satisfied regarding every aspect of the
software under consideration he is required to release the program
source code. A setup name release is used to copy the name file
from the developers’ user area to a project area in the directory
named with developer user name. Here all the final testing used to be
done by persons other than the developer himself .if some changes
were desired in the program the developer were required to use
another setup. Retrieve, which copied back the latest version of the
program to developer areas.

As in this system data is entered at different levels I considered

providing various types of checks like range check, validity check,
completeness check etc. in different data entry screens according to
the requirements.

Since the user are not familiar to the new system the data screens
were designed in such a way that were-.

• Consistent
• Easy to use
• Has a fast response time

White Box Testing :

White box test focus on the program control structure. Test cases are
derived to ensure that all statement in the program has been executed
at least once during testing and that all logical condition has been
exercised. Basic path testing, a white box testing, makes use of

53
program graph to derive the set of linearly independent test that will
ensure coverage.

In white box testing the test developer has access to the source code and can
write code that links into the libraries which are linked into the target
software. This is typical of unit tests, which only test parts of a software
system. They ensure that components used in the construction are functional
and robust to some degree.

In this testing internal functioning of the product is tested. Each procedures

is tested for its accuracy. Unlike black box testing, white box testing uses
specific knowledge of programming code to examine output i.e. specific
knowledge about the internal structure. This test is accurate only if the tester
knows what program is supposed to do. White box testing is also known as
glass box, structural box, clean box & open box testing.

Condition Testing :

Condition testing is tests case design method that exercise the logical
conditions contain in a program module. a simple condition is a
Boolean variable or a relational expression.

Branch Testing :

I have used Branch testing is probably the for compound condition,

the true and false (in project i.e. null values) for each branch.

Data Flow Testing :

I have used data flow testing due to check the path of program
according to the locations of definitions and uses of variables in the
program.

BLACK BOX TESTING :

Black box testing focuses on the functional requirements of the
software. That is, black-box testing enable the software engineer to

54
derive set of input conditions that will fully exercise all functional
requirements for a program.

In black box testing the test engineer only accesses the software through the
same interfaces that the customer or user would, or possibly through
remotely controllable, automation interfaces that connect another computer
or another process into the target of the test.

In this test overall functioning of the product is tested. Inputs are given &
outputs are checked. It does not care about internal structure of the product.
Black box test treats the system as black box, so it does not explicitly use
knowledge of internal structure. Black box test design usually described as
focusing on testing functional requirement. Black box testing is also known
as Behavioral, Functional & Closed box testing.

Black box testing test the overall functional requirements of the product.
Inputs are supplied to the product & outputs are verified. If the output
obtained are same as the expected once then the product needs the functional
requirement. In this approach internal procedures are not considers.

DISADVANTAGES OF BLACK BOX TESTING :

Black box testing uncovers following types of errors –

• Incorrect or missing functions.

• Interface errors.

• External database access.

• Performance errors.

• Initialization & termination errors.

Graph-Based Testing Method :

55
I have used graph-based testing method for removing errors associated
with relationships. The first step in this testing is to understand the
objects that are modeled in software and the relationship that connect
these objects.

Equivalence Partitioning :

This testing is used for the following reason:

• specific numeric values

• range of values
• set of related values
• Boolean condition

For example :

Check in phone number, code generation, class type, department type,

password etc.

Boundary Value Analysis :

Boundary value analysis is a test case design technique that

complements equivalence partitioning. Rather than selecting any
element of equivalence class the selection of test cases at the edges
of the class. Rather than focusing solely on the input condition.

The point of equivalence partitioning as :

• An input condition specifies a range boundary by values a and

b, test cases should be design with values a and b and just
above and just below a and b.

• An input condition specific a number of values, test cases

should be developed that exercise the minimum and maximum
number.

56
USER ACCEPTANCE TESTING :
An Acceptance Plan is prepared and handed over to the customer. However
it is at the discretion of the Project Manager to decide when to prepare the
Acceptance Plan but the Project Manager should ensure that it is at least
prepared before the completion of construction phase.
This Plan helps the customer in planning, scheduling and providing
resources to carry out the customer acceptance testing. The acceptance
testing is done during deployment.

The Acceptance plan must consist of :

A suggested schedule for Acceptance Testing by the customer Hardware,

Software and other resources required for Acceptance Testing Confirmation
of Acceptance criteria.

The Acceptance Plan is reviewed and based on the Review Procedure and
the review records are maintained properly.

Test Plan :

Initial test plan addresses system test planning, and over the elaboration,
construction and transition phases this plan is updated to cater other testing
requirements of these phases, like, unit & integration testing.

The test Plan must contain the following:

• Scope of testing.
• Methodology to be used for testing.
• Types of tests to be carried out.
• Resource & system requirements.
• A tentative Test Schedule.

Identification of various forms to be used to record test cases and test results
The Test Plan is reviewed as per the Review Procedure as defined by the
Project Manager. Adequate Review Records are maintained.

57
Test Reports and Debugging :
The testing team prepares all the defects are reported in the organization’s
standard defect tracking system. The defects found are categorized,
prioritized and reported as Testing Guidelines. Development team also uses
the defect tracking system to report the status of defects. Testing team before
closure validates the defects eliminated by development team.

Error Message and Validations :

The goals of verification and validation activities are to access and

improve the quality of work products generated during development
and modification of software . There are two types of verification –

• Life cycle verification

• Formal verification

Life cycle verification is the process of determining the degree to

which the work products of a given phase of the development cycle
fulfill the specification established during prior phases.

Formal verification is a rigorous mathematical demonstration that

source code confirms to its specification. Validation is the process of
evaluating software at the end of software Development process to
determine compliance with requirements. High quality can’t be
achieved through testing of source code alone. Although a program
should be totally free of errors, this is seldom the case for Large
software products. The best way to minimize errors is to detect and
remove errors during analysis and design, so that few errors are
introduced into the source code.

58
The following error messages and validations are used in the system.

Error Listing For Login Screen

Error 1: When Userid and password fields both are blank or invalide

Error 2: When userid is wrong

Error 3: When Password is wrong

Error 4: When all fields are blank

Error 5: When No. of doctoral Degree awarded in not numeric

Enter numeric value

Error 6: When no of others students is not numeric

Enter numeric value

Error 7: When retype password is not same as new password

Error 8: When entered values exist in data base

Value already exists

Error 9: When no value find in data base

Sorry, NO data found

Error 10: When database is not ready

Sorry, Connection failed

Error 11: When Page is not found

Sorry page not found

Error 12: When Internet connection not available

Sorry, connection failed

59
Test Data and Test Cases :

Test cases describe the details of every test for each feature of the module.
The inputs for preparation of test cases are the software requirement
specifications and/or Design document/model. System test cases are
prepared in elaboration phase, and initial integration test cases are prepared
which are refined and completed in construction phase. These test cases are
reviewed as per Review Procedure as defined by the Project Manager and
adequate review records are maintained. These reviews are done against
requirements and Design to ensure adequacy and completeness.

The expected results are specified in test cases, against test to be carried out.

60
 WORKING DETAILS
(CODING & OUTPUT)

FORM 1 : (SPLASH SCREEN)

Dim A As Integer
Dim s As String
Dim n As Integer

Private Sub Form_Load()

A=1
n=1

61
ProgressBar1.Max = 100
ProgressBar1.Min = 1
Timer1.Interval = 100
s = " Railway Reservation Project System"
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "TRAIN.JPG")
End Sub

Private Sub Timer1_Timer()

Dim b As Integer
Label1.ForeColor = QBColor(Rnd * 7)
b = Len(s)
Label1.Caption = Left(s, n)
n=n+1
ProgressBar1.Value = ProgressBar1.Value + 1
If (ProgressBar1.Value >= 98) Then
Call Form2.Show
Unload Me
End If
End Sub

Output :-

62
FORM 2 : (LOGIN)

Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

Dim n As Integer
rs.MoveLast
n = rs.RecordCount
rs.MoveFirst
For A = 1 To n
If (rs.Fields("username") = Text1.Text And rs.Fields("password") =
Text2.Text) Then
Call MDIForm1.Show
Unload Me
Else
MsgBox ("your user name and password not match")
Text1.Text = ""

63
Text2.Text = ""
Text1.SetFocus
rs.MoveNext
End If
Next A
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

End
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "log convrt")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("log", dbOpenDynaset)
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "AP1.jpg")
End Sub

64
Output :-

65
MDI FORM :

Private Sub cancelreservation_Click()

Call Form8.Show
End Sub

Private Sub edit_Click()

Call Form11.Show
End Sub

Private Sub MDIForm_Load()

MDIForm1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "ss.jpg")
End Sub

Private Sub new_Click()

Call Form3.Show

66
End Sub

Private Sub new1_Click()

Call Form7.Show
End Sub

Private Sub searchbydate_Click()

Call Form10.Show
End Sub

Private Sub searchbyname_Click()

Call Form9.Show
End Sub

Private Sub searchbytrain_Click()

Call Form6.Show
End Sub

Private Sub userlogin_Click()

Call Form4.Show
End Sub

67
Output :-

FORM 3 : (USER INFORMATION)

68
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

A = MsgBox("do you want save ", vbOKCancel)
If (A = 1) Then
rs.AddNew
rs.Fields(1).Value = Text1.Text
rs.Fields(2).Value = Text2.Text
rs.Fields(3).Value = Text3.Text
rs.Fields(4).Value = Text4.Text
rs.Fields(5).Value = Text5.Text
rs.Fields(6).Value = Text6.Text
rs.Fields(7).Value = Text7.Text
rs.Fields(8).Value = Text8.Text
rs.Update
Text1.Text = ""

69
Text2.Text = ""
Text3.Text = ""
Text4.Text = ""
Text5.Text = ""
Text6.Text = ""
Text7.Text = ""
Text8.Text = ""
Else
Text1.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

End
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "db1con")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("DB", dbOpenDynaset)
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "b.JPG")
End Sub

Private Sub Text1_LostFocus()

Dim b As Integer
b = rs.RecordCount
For n = 1 To b
If (rs.Fields("username") = Text1.Text) Then
MsgBox ("your user already exist")
Text1.Text = ""
Text1.SetFocus
End If
rs.MoveNext
Next n
End Sub

Private Sub Text9_LostFocus()

If (Text2.Text <> Text9.Text) Then
MsgBox ("password and repeat password does not match")
Text2.SetFocus

70
End If
End Sub

Output :-

FORM 4 : (USER CHANGE LOGIN WINDOW)

71
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

Dim K As Integer
Dim n As Integer
Dim f As Integer
f=0
n = rs.RecordCount
rs.MoveFirst
For K = 1 To n
If (rs.Fields("username") = Text1.Text And rs.Fields("password") =
Text2.Text) Then
MDIForm1.new1.Enabled = True
MDIForm1.change1.Enabled = True
MDIForm1.Edit.Enabled = True
MDIForm1.searchbytrain.Enabled = True
MDIForm1.searchbyname.Enabled = True
MDIForm1.searchbydate.Enabled = True

72
MDIForm1.cancelreservation.Enabled = True
f=1
Exit For
End If
rs.MoveNext
Next K
If (f = 0) Then
MsgBox ("Your username & Password not match")
Text1.Text = ""
Text2.Text = ""
Text1.SetFocus
End If
If (f = 1) Then
Unload Me
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

End
End Sub

Private Sub Command3_Click()

Unload Me
Call Form3.Show
End Sub

Private Sub Command4_Click()

Dim n As Integer
Dim f As Integer
n = rs.RecordCount
rs.FindFirst "username='" & Text1.Text & "'"
If rs.NoMatch = False Then
rs.FindFirst "password='" & Text2.Text & "'"
If rs.NoMatch = False Then
Call Form5.Show
Form5.Text1.Text = rs.Fields(1).Value
Form5.Text2.Text = rs.Fields(2).Value
Form5.Text3.Text = rs.Fields(3).Value
Form5.Text4.Text = rs.Fields(4).Value
Form5.Text5.Text = rs.Fields(5).Value

73
Form5.Text6.Text = rs.Fields(6).Value
Form5.Text7.Text = rs.Fields(7).Value
Form5.Text8.Text = rs.Fields(8).Value
Unload Me
End If
Else
MsgBox ("user not found")
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "db1con")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("db", dbOpenDynaset)
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "z.jpg")
End Sub

Output :-

74
FORM 5 : (USER INFORMATION)

75
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

A = MsgBox("Do you want to save", vbOKCancel)
If (A = 1) Then
rs.Edit
rs.Fields(1).Value = Text1.Text
rs.Fields(2).Value = Text2.Text
rs.Fields(3).Value = Text3.Text
rs.Fields(4).Value = Text4.Text
rs.Fields(5).Value = Text5.Text
rs.Fields(6).Value = Text6.Text
rs.Fields(7).Value = Text7.Text
rs.Fields(8).Value = Text8.Text
rs.Update
Text1.Text = ""
Text2.Text = ""
Text3.Text = ""

76
Text4.Text = ""
Text5.Text = ""
Text6.Text = ""
Text7.Text = ""
Text8.Text = ""
Else
Text1.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Unload Me
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "db1con")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("db", dbOpenDynaset)
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "oo.JPG")
End Sub

Private Sub Text1_LostFocus()

Dim b As Integer
b = rs.RecordCount
For n = 1 To b
If (rs.Fields("username") = Text1.Text) Then
MsgBox ("your user already exist")
Text1.Text = ""
Text1.SetFocus
End If
rs.MoveNext
Next n
End Sub

Private Sub Text9_LostFocus()

If (Text2.Text <> Text9.Text) Then
MsgBox ("Password & Repeat password does not match")
Text2.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

77
Output :-

FORM 6 : (TRAIN DETAILS)

78
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Combo2_Click()

Label3.FontBold = True
Label3.ForeColor = QBColor(4)
Label3.Caption = Combo1.Text + Space(5) + "TO " + Space(5) +
Combo2.Text
Label4.FontBold = True
Label4.ForeColor = QBColor(4)
Label4.Caption = Combo2.Text + Space(5) + "TO " + Space(5) +
Combo1.Text
End Sub
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Call Form7.Show
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Unload Me
End Sub

79
Private Sub Form_Load()
Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "db2c")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("db2", dbOpenDynaset)
Combo1.AddItem "ALIGARH"
Combo1.AddItem "AGRA"
Combo1.AddItem "DELHI"
Combo1.AddItem "JAMMU"
Combo1.AddItem "ALLAHBAD"
Combo1.AddItem "GAZIABAD"
Combo1.AddItem "LACKHNOW"
Combo1.AddItem "BANGLOR"
Combo1.AddItem "CALCUTTA"
Combo1.AddItem "MUMBAI"
Combo1.AddItem "MADRAAS"
Combo1.AddItem "DEHRADUN"
Combo2.AddItem "ALIGARH"
Combo2.AddItem "AGRA"
Combo2.AddItem "DELHI"
Combo2.AddItem "JAMMU"
Combo2.AddItem "ALLAHBAD"
Combo2.AddItem "GAZIABAD"
Combo2.AddItem "LACKHNOW"
Combo2.AddItem "BANGLOR"
Combo2.AddItem "CALCUTTA"
Combo2.AddItem "MUMBAI"
Combo2.AddItem "MADRAAS"
Combo2.AddItem "DEHRADUN"
With MSFlexGrid1
.Cols = 31
.Rows = 1

.ColWidth(0) = 1000
.ColWidth(1) = 2000
.ColWidth(2) = 1400
.ColWidth(3) = 1000
.ColWidth(24) = 2000
.ColWidth(25) = 2000
.ColWidth(26) = 2000

80
.Row = 0
.Col = 0
.Text = "Train no"

.Col = 1
.Text = "Train Name"

.Col = 2
.Text = "P"

.Col = 3
.Text = "From"

.Col = 4
.Text = "Dep"

.Col = 5
.Text = "To"

.Col = 6
.Text = "Arr"

.Col = 7
.Text = "Travel"

.Col = 8
.Text = "R"

.Col = 9
.Text = "MON"

.Col = 10
.Text = "TUE"

.Col = 11
.Text = "WED"

.Col = 12
.Text = "THU"

81
.Col = 13
.Text = "FRI"

.Col = 15
.Text = "SUN"

.Col = 16
.Text = "1A"

.Col = 17
.Text = "2A"

.Col = 18
.Text = "3A"

.Col = 19
.Text = "CC"

.Col = 20
.Text = "FC"

.Col = 21
.Text = "SL"

.Col = 22
.Text = "2S"

.Col = 23
.Text = "3E"

.Col = 24
.Text = "AC_1st_class_charge"

.Col = 25
.Text = "AC_2nd_class_charge"

.Col = 26
.Text = "AC_3rd_class_charge"

.Col = 27

82
 .Text = "CC_charge"

.Col = 28
.Text = "FC_charge"

.Col = 29
.Text = "SL_charge"

.Col = 30
.Text = "2S_charge"

End With
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "ll.JPG")
End Sub

Private Sub Label3_Click()

Dim A As Integer
MSFlexGrid1.Width = Form6.Width
rs.MoveLast
A = rs.RecordCount
rs.MoveFirst
K=1
For n = 1 To A
If (rs.Fields("from").Value = Combo1.Text) And (rs.Fields("to").Value =
Combo2.Text) Then
MSFlexGrid1.Rows = K
MSFlexGrid1.AddItem rs.Fields(1).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(2).Value &
vbTab & rs.Fields(3).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(4).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(5).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(6).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(7).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(8).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(9).Value _
& vbTab & rs.Fields(10).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(11).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(12).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(13).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(14).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(15).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(16).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(17).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(18).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(19).Value _
& vbTab & rs.Fields(20).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(21).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(22).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(23).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(24).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(25).Value & vbTab &

83
rs.Fields(26).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(27).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(28).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(29).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(30).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(31).Value
K=K+1
End If
rs.MoveNext
Next n
End Sub

Private Sub Label4_Click()

Dim A As Integer
MSFlexGrid1.Width = Form6.Width
rs.MoveLast
A = rs.RecordCount
rs.MoveFirst
K=1
For n = 1 To A
If (rs.Fields("from").Value = Combo2.Text) And (rs.Fields("to").Value =
Combo1.Text) Then
MSFlexGrid1.Rows = K
MSFlexGrid1.AddItem rs.Fields(1).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(2).Value &
vbTab & rs.Fields(3).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(4).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(5).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(6).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(7).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(8).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(9).Value _
& vbTab & rs.Fields(10).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(11).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(12).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(13).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(14).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(15).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(16).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(17).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(18).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(19).Value _
& vbTab & rs.Fields(20).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(21).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(22).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(23).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(24).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(25).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(26).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(27).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(28).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(29).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(30).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(31).Value
K=K+1
End If
rs.MoveNext
Next n

84
End Sub

Output :-

FORM 7 : (RESERVATION DETAILS)

85
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset
Dim DB1 As Database
Dim RS1 As Recordset

Private Sub Combo1_Click()

rs.FindFirst "Train_no=" & Text1.Text
If (Combo1.ListIndex = 0) Then
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(25).Value
ElseIf (Combo1.ListIndex = 1) Then
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(26).Value
ElseIf (Combo1.ListIndex = 2) Then
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(27).Value
ElseIf (Combo1.ListIndex = 3) Then
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(28).Value
ElseIf (Combo1.ListIndex = 4) Then
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(29).Value
ElseIf (Combo1.ListIndex = 5) Then
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(30).Value

86
ElseIf (Combo1.ListIndex = 6) Then
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(31).Value
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command1_Click()

Dim K As Integer
K = MsgBox("DO YOU WANT SAVE ", vbOKCancel)
If (K = 1) Then
RS1.AddNew
RS1.Fields(1).Value = Text1.Text
RS1.Fields(2).Value = Text2.Text
RS1.Fields(3).Value = Text3.Text
RS1.Fields(4).Value = Text4.Text
RS1.Fields(5).Value = Text5.Text
RS1.Fields(6).Value = Text6.Text
RS1.Fields(7).Value = Combo4.Text
RS1.Fields(8).Value = Text8.Text
RS1.Fields(9).Value = Combo2.Text
RS1.Fields(10).Value = Combo3.Text
RS1.Fields(11).Value = Text11.Text
RS1.Fields(12).Value = Combo1.Text
RS1.Fields(13).Value = Text12.Text
RS1.Update
Text1.Text = ""
Text2.Text = ""
Text3.Text = ""
Text4.Text = ""
Text5.Text = ""
Text6.Text = ""
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Unload Me
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "DB2C")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("DB2", dbOpenDynaset)

87
Set DB1 = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "DB3c")
Set RS1 = DB1.OpenRecordset("DB3", dbOpenDynaset)
Combo1.AddItem "AC_1st_class_charges"
Combo1.AddItem "AC_2nd_class_charges"
Combo1.AddItem "AC_3rd_class_charges"
Combo1.AddItem "CC_class_charges"
Combo1.AddItem "FC_class_charges"
Combo1.AddItem "SL_class_charges"
Combo1.AddItem "2S_class_charges"
Combo2.AddItem "s1"
Combo2.AddItem "s2"
Combo2.AddItem "s3"
Combo4.AddItem "Female"
Combo4.AddItem "Male"
Combo3.AddItem "Lower"
Combo3.AddItem "Middle"
Combo3.AddItem "Upper"
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "qq.JPG")
End Sub

Private Sub Text1_LostFocus()

f=0
rs.FindFirst "Train_no=" & Text1.Text
If (rs.NoMatch = False) Then
Text2.Text = rs.Fields(2)
f=1
End If
If (f = 0) Then
MsgBox (" train no is not found")
Text1.Text = ""
Text2.Text = ""
Text1.SetFocus
End If
End Sub

Output :-

88
FORM 8 : (CANCEL RESERVATION)

89
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

A = MsgBox("do you want really delete ", vbOKCancel)
If (A = 1) Then
rs.FindFirst "tno=" & Text1(0).Text
rs.Delete
Text1(0).Text = ""
Text2.Text = ""
Text3.Text = ""
Text4.Text = ""
Text5.Text = ""
Text6.Text = ""
Text7.Text = ""
Text8.Text = ""
Text9.Text = ""
Text10.Text = ""
Text11.Text = ""

90
Text12.Text = ""
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Unload Me
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "db3c")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("db3", dbOpenDynaset)
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "rr.JPG")
End Sub

Private Sub Text1_LostFocus(Index As Integer)

f=0
If (Text1(0).Text <> "") Then
rs.FindFirst "tno=" & Text1(0).Text
If rs.NoMatch = False Then
Text2.Text = rs.Fields(1).Value
Text3.Text = rs.Fields(2).Value
Text4.Text = rs.Fields(3).Value
Text5.Text = rs.Fields(4).Value
Text6.Text = rs.Fields(5).Value
Text7.Text = rs.Fields(6).Value
Text8.Text = rs.Fields(7).Value
Text9.Text = rs.Fields(8).Value
Text10.Text = rs.Fields(9).Value
Text11.Text = rs.Fields(10).Value
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(11).Value
Text13.Text = rs.Fields(12).Value
Text14.Text = rs.Fields(13).Value
f=1
End If
If (f = 0) Then
MsgBox ("no is not found ")
Text1(0).Text = ""
Text2.Text = ""
Text3.Text = ""

91
Text4.Text = ""
Text5.Text = ""
Text6.Text = ""
Text7.Text = ""
Text8.Text = ""
Text9.Text = ""
Text10.Text = ""
Text11.Text = ""
Text12.Text = ""
Text13.Text = ""
Text14.Text = ""
End If
End If
End Sub

Output :-

92
FORM 9 : (SEARCH BY PASSENGER NAME)

93
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

f=0
rs.MoveLast
A = rs.RecordCount
rs.MoveFirst
K=1
For b = 1 To A
If (rs.Fields(4).Value = Text1.Text) Then
MSFlexGrid1.Rows = K
MSFlexGrid1.AddItem rs.Fields(0).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(1).Value &
vbTab & rs.Fields(2).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(3).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(4).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(5).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(6).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(7).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(8).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(9).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(10).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(11).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(12).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(13).Value

94
K=K+1
f=1
End If
rs.MoveNext
Next b
If (f = 0) Then
MsgBox ("record not found ")
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Unload Me
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "DB3C")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("DB3", dbOpenDynaset)
With MSFlexGrid1
.Cols = 14
.Rows = 1

.ColWidth(0) = 1000
.ColWidth(1) = 1000
.ColWidth(2) = 2000
.ColWidth(3) = 1000
.ColWidth(4) = 2000
.ColWidth(5) = 2000
.ColWidth(8) = 2000
.ColWidth(12) = 2000

.Row = 0
.Col = 0
.Text = "ID"

.Col = 1
.Text = "Train no"

.Col = 2
.Text = "Train Name"

95
 .Col = 3
.Text = "tno"

.Col = 4
.Text = "Name"

.Col = 5
.Text = "F_Name"

.Col = 6
.Text = "Age"

.Col = 7
.Text = "Sex"

.Col = 8
.Text = "Date_of_journey"

.Col = 9
.Text = "Coach"

.Col = 10
.Text = "Berth"

.Col = 11
.Text = "seat_no"

.Col = 12
.Text = "class"

.Col = 13
.Text = "rent"

End With
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "pp.JPG")
End Sub

96
Output :-

FORM 10 : (SEARCH BY DATE)

97
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

f=0
rs.MoveLast
A = rs.RecordCount
rs.MoveFirst
K=1
For b = 1 To A
If (rs.Fields(8).Value = Text1.Text) Then
MSFlexGrid1.Rows = K
MSFlexGrid1.AddItem rs.Fields(0).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(1).Value &
vbTab & rs.Fields(2).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(3).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(4).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(5).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(6).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(7).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(8).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(9).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(10).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(11).Value & vbTab &
rs.Fields(12).Value & vbTab & rs.Fields(13).Value

98
K=K+1
f=1
End If
rs.MoveNext
Next b
If (f = 0) Then
MsgBox ("record not found ")
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Unload Me
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "DB3C")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("DB3", dbOpenDynaset)
With MSFlexGrid1
.Cols = 14
.Rows = 1

.ColWidth(0) = 1000
.ColWidth(1) = 1000
.ColWidth(2) = 2000
.ColWidth(3) = 1000
.ColWidth(4) = 2000
.ColWidth(5) = 2000
.ColWidth(8) = 2000
.ColWidth(12) = 2000

.Row = 0
.Col = 0
.Text = "ID"

.Col = 1
.Text = "Train no"

.Col = 2
.Text = "Train Name"

99
 .Col = 3
.Text = "tno"

.Col = 4
.Text = "Name"

.Col = 5
.Text = "F_Name"

.Col = 6
.Text = "Age"

.Col = 7
.Text = "Sex"

.Col = 8
.Text = "Date_of_journey"

.Col = 9
.Text = "Coach"

.Col = 10
.Text = "Berth"

.Col = 11
.Text = "seat_no"

.Col = 12
.Text = "class"

.Col = 13
.Text = "rent"

End With
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "pp.JPG")
End Sub

100
Output :-

FORM 11 : (EDITING PASSENGER INFORMATION)

101
Dim db As Database
Dim rs As Recordset

Private Sub Command1_Click()

Dim K As Integer
K = MsgBox("DO YOU WANT SAVE ", vbOKCancel)
If (K = 1) Then
rs.Edit
rs.Fields(1).Value = Text2.Text
rs.Fields(2).Value = Text3.Text
rs.Fields(3).Value = Text4.Text
rs.Fields(4).Value = Text5.Text
rs.Fields(5).Value = Text6.Text
rs.Fields(6).Value = Text7.Text
rs.Fields(7).Value = Text8.Text
rs.Fields(8).Value = Text9.Text
rs.Fields(9).Value = Text10.Text
rs.Fields(10).Value = Text11.Text
rs.Fields(11).Value = Text12.Text

102
rs.Fields(12).Value = Text13.Text
rs.Fields(13).Value = Text14.Text
rs.Update
Text1(0).Text = ""
Text2.Text = ""
Text3.Text = ""
Text4.Text = ""
Text5.Text = ""
Text6.Text = ""
Text7.Text = ""
Text8.Text = ""
Text9.Text = ""
Text10.Text = ""
Text11.Text = ""
Text12.Text = ""
Text13.Text = ""
Text14.Text = ""
End If
End Sub

Private Sub Command2_Click()

Unload Me
End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

Set db = DBEngine.OpenDatabase(App.Path + "\" + "db3c")
Set rs = db.OpenRecordset("db3", dbOpenDynaset)
Image1.Stretch = True
Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(App.Path + "\" + "dd.JPG")
End Sub

Private Sub Text1_LostFocus(Index As Integer)

f=0
rs.FindFirst "tno=" & Text1(0).Text
If rs.NoMatch = False Then
Text2.Text = rs.Fields(1).Value
Text3.Text = rs.Fields(2).Value
Text4.Text = rs.Fields(3).Value
Text5.Text = rs.Fields(4).Value
Text6.Text = rs.Fields(5).Value

103
Text7.Text = rs.Fields(6).Value
Text8.Text = rs.Fields(7).Value
Text9.Text = rs.Fields(8).Value
Text10.Text = rs.Fields(9).Value
Text11.Text = rs.Fields(10).Value
Text12.Text = rs.Fields(11).Value
Text13.Text = rs.Fields(12).Value
Text14.Text = rs.Fields(13).Value
f=1
End If
If (f = 0) Then
MsgBox ("no is not found ")
Text1(0).Text = ""
Text2.Text = ""
Text3.Text = ""
Text4.Text = ""
Text5.Text = ""
Text6.Text = ""
Text7.Text = ""
Text8.Text = ""
Text9.Text = ""
Text10.Text = ""
Text11.Text = ""
Text12.Text = ""
Text13.Text = ""
Text14.Text = ""
End If
End Sub

Output :-

104
INTRODUCTION

105
In today`s world, computers are making us manage different fields much
more easily and efficiently. Through there are difference areas where
computer has gained a prominent place like Entertainment, Education,
Banking and various industries, various colleges, universities are using
computers for accomplishing different kinds of tasks.

As today`s railways are nothing less than organization, various departments

like Accounts, Booking, placement cell, administration etc are in operation.
One of the above specified areas in Indian railways system. Which have
really transformed itself from those old days of maintaining court less
registers regarding information of tickets….

In today`s era every things is on cycle of mouse whether it is know about

ticket status, or updating list of ticket, calculation of cost. If books are late
computer have made easy not only for the Railways lines personnel, but also
for the passenger, management of railways line regarding any kind of
information.

106
This railways system tries to perform each of the activity stated above in an
effective manner. It is easy to use, user-friendly software. The system allows
Railway lines personnel to different laid of activities such as:

• Maintaining the train status

• Maintaining the issue of ticket.

• Maintaining the member`s list etc . so on

Different kinds of reports for various information`s are provided.

107
 FACILITY OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

Indian Railways offers the facility of general Train Enquiry and reserving
the ticket in advance. It allows the people to plan out their journey in
advance comfortably and almost effortlessly. The Railway Administration
provides the reservations of seats, berths, compartments, or carriage as per
the rules and conditions documented in the Coaching Tariff.

A passenger looking for reservation of berth or seats should acquire tickets

from the Railway Reservation Offices or Authorized Travel Agency only.
The timings for booking the reservation and general enquiry are usually
between 8 am to 8 pm every day except for Sunday when the timings are 8
am to 2 pm. Facility for enquiry related to the seats, berth and train timings
are also available at all these reservation counters. In order to ease the
booking procedure in metros like Mumbai, Delhi and Chennai, multiple
centers of ticket booking are set up.

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 General Conditions for Train Reservation

Advance reservations (ARP) can be made 60 days in advance of the journey

date for all classes and every train. This period of advance reservation
excludes the day of train departure. ARP is calculated in relation to journey
date from originating train station. Therefore at intermediate stations, if the
train arrives on the following day, reservations can be made over 60 days in
advance of journey date from the intermediate station.

Passengers seeking reservation need to complete and submit a reservation

requisition form. It should be completely filled with all the required details
including the train number, journey date, and class of accommodation,
originating and the destination station. Reservation can be applied for
maximum of 6 persons in a single form provided they should have the same
destination station and booking for same train.

Once the requisition form is accepted then ticket is booked by computer in

accordance with pre defined logic. A person can submit only one requisition
form at a time however if he is applying for onward or return journey then
one can submit 2 or 3 forms. A journey ticket needs to be purchased in order
to reserve the accommodation and no provisional reservation is entertained.

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Passengers are advised to quote PNR number for any enquiry or complaint
concerning to reservations. Computerized Reservation ticket should be
accompanied by the journey tickets on train. Passengers should note down
the correct departure time printed on the ticket and must make certain
timings from the Railway station on the journey day. As the tickets are
issued up to 60 days in advance, it is not possible to advise any changes in
timing.

Advance Reservation and Enquiry: Indian Railways offers the facility of

general Train Enquiry and reserving the ticket in advance. It allows the
people to plan out their journey in advance comfortably and almost
effortlessly. The Railway Administration provides the reservations of seats,

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berths, compartments, or carriage as per the rules and conditions
documented in the Coaching Tariff. A passenger looking for reservation of
berth or seats should acquire tickets from the Railway Reservation Offices
or Authorized Travel Agency only. The timings for booking the reservation
and general enquiry are usually between 8 am to 8 pm every day except for
Sunday when the timings are 8 am to 2 pm. Facility for enquiry related to
the seats, berth and train timings are also available at all these reservation
counters. In order to ease the booking procedure in metros like Mumbai,
Delhi and Chennai, multiple centers of ticket booking are set up.

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THE LOGO OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

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ROUTE MAP

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 Passenger

Indian Railways operates about 9,000 passenger trains and transports 20

million passengers daily across twenty-eight states and two union territories.
Sikkim and Meghalaya are the only states not connected by rail. A standard
passenger train consists of eighteen coaches, but popular trains can have up
to 26 coaches.

Coaches are designed to accommodate anywhere from 18 to 108 passengers,

but during the holiday seasons and/or on busy routes, more passengers may
travel in unreserved coaches. Most regular trains have coaches connected
through vestibules. However, 'unreserved coaches' are not connected with
the rest of the train via any vestibule.

Reservation against cancellation service is a provision for shared berth in

case the travel ticket is not confirmed.

The last timetabled passenger service running under steam locomotive

power ended in 2000, in Gujarat. All current passenger service is provided
using electric or diesel locomotives, except for the rack section of the Nilgiri

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Mountain Railway (NMR) which still relies on Swiss-built X class steamers
to do the job.

MODERN PASSENGER TRAIN :

Types of passenger services :

Trains are classified by their average speed. A faster train has fewer stops
("halts") than a slower one and usually caters to long-distance travel.

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Rank Train Description
These are the non-stop point to point rail services (except
for operational stops) introduced for the first time in 2009.
These trains connects the metros and major state capitals of
Duronto
1 India and are faster than Rajdhani Expresses. The Duronto
Expresses
services consists of classes of accommodation namely first
AC, two-tier AC, three-tier AC, AC 3 Tier Economy,
Sleeper Class,General Class.
These are all air-conditioned trains linking major cities to
Rajdhani New Delhi. The Rajdhanis have high priority and are one of
2
Expresses the fastest trains in India, travelling at about 140 km/h
(87 mph). There are only a few stops on a Rajdhani route.
Shatabdi and
The Shatabdi trains are AC intercity seater-type trains. Jan-
3 Jan Shatabdi
Shatabdi trains consists of both AC and non-AC classes.
Expresses
Fully air conditioned trains, designed for those who cannot
afford to travel in the expensive Shatabti and Rajdhani
4 Garib Rath
Expresses, Garib Rath means "Chariot of the Poor". The
maximum speed is 130 km/h.
These are trains that have an average speed greater than
Superfast
5 55 km/h (34 mph). Tickets for these trains have an
Mail/Express
additional super-fast surcharge.
These are the most common kind of trains in India. They
6 Mail/Express have more stops than their super-fast counterparts, but they
stop only at relatively important intermediate stations.
These are slow trains that stop at most stations along the
Passenger and
7 route and are the cheapest trains. The entire train consists of
Fast Passenger
the General-type compartments.
Trains that operate in urban areas, usually stop at all
8 Suburban trains
stations.

Suburban rail

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Many cities have their own dedicated suburban networks to cater to
commuters. Currently, suburban networks operate in Mumbai, Chennai,
Kolkata, Delhi, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Pune and Lucknow-Kanpur.
Hyderabad, Pune and Lucknow-Kanpur do not have dedicated suburban
tracks but share the tracks with long distance trains. New Delhi, Kolkata,
and Chennai have their own metro networks, namely the New Delhi Metro,
the Kolkata Metro,and the Chennai MRTS, with dedicated tracks mostly laid
on a flyover.

Suburban trains that handle commuter traffic are mostly electric multiple
units. They usually have nine coaches or sometimes twelve to handle rush
hour traffic. One unit of an EMU train consists of one power car and two
general coaches. Thus a nine coach EMU is made up of three units having
one power car at each end and one at the middle. The rakes in Mumbai run
on direct current, while those elsewhere use alternating current.[26] A
standard coach is designed to accommodate 96 seated passengers, but the
actual number of passengers can easily double or triple with standees during
rush hour.

Accommodation classes

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Several long trains are composed of two to three classes of travel, such as a
1st and 2nd classes which have different pricing systems for various
amenities. The 1st Class refers to coaches with separate cabins, coaches can
be air-conditioned or non air-conditioned.

Further, other AC classes can have 2 or 3 tier berths, with higher prices for
the former, 3-tier non-AC coaches or 2nd class seating coaches, which are
popular among passengers going on shorter journeys.

In air-conditioned sleeper classes passengers are provided with sheets,

pillows and blankets. Meals and refreshments are provided, to all the
passengers of reserved classes, either through the on-board pantry service or
through special catering arrangements in trains without pantry car.
Unreserved coach passengers have options of purchasing from licensed
vendors either on board or on the platform of intermediate stops.

The amenities depend on the popularity and length of the route. Lavatories
are communal and feature both the Indian style as well as the Western style.

The following table lists the classes in operation. Not all classes may be
attached to a rake though.

Class Description
1A The First class AC: This is the most expensive class, where the fares
are on par with airlines. Bedding is included with the fare in IR. This

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 air conditioned coach is present only on popular routes between
metropolitan cities and can carry 18 passengers. The coaches are
carpeted, have sleeping accommodation and have privacy features like
personal coupes.
2A AC-Two tier: Air conditioned coaches with sleeping berths, ample
leg room, curtains and individual reading lamps. Berths are usually
arranged in two tiers in bays of six, four across the width of the coach
then the gangway then two berths longways, with curtains provided to
give some privacy from those walking up and down. Bedding is
included with the fare. A broad gauge coach can carry 48 passengers.
FC First class: Same as 1AC, without the air conditioning. This class is
not very common.
3A AC three tier: Air conditioned coaches with sleeping berths. Berths
are usually arranged as in 2AC but with three tiers across the width
and two longways as before giving eight bays of eight. They are
slightly less well appointed, usually no reading lights or curtained off
gangways. Bedding is included with fare. It carries 64 passengers in
broad gauge.
3E AC three tier (Economy): Air conditioned coaches with sleeping
berths, present in Garib Rath Trains. Berths are usually arranged as in
3AC but with three tiers across the width and three longways. They
are slightly less well appointed, usually no reading lights or curtained
off gangways. Bedding is not included with fare.
CC AC chair car: An air-conditioned seater coach with a total of five
seats in a row used for day travel between cities.
EC Executive class chair car: An air-conditioned seater coach with a
total of four seats in a row used for day travel between cities.
SL Sleeper class: The sleeper class is the most common coach, and
usually ten or more coaches could be attached. These are regular
sleeping coaches with three berths vertically stacked. In broad gauge,
it carries 72 passengers per coach. Railways have modified certain
Sleeper Coaches on popular trains to accommodate 81 passengers in
place of regular 72 passengers. This was done in order to facilitate
benefits like clear the Passenger rush and simultaneously earn more
revenue. But this has got lukewarm response with criticism from the
travellers and railways has decided to remove them.
2S Seater class: same as AC Chair car, but with bench style seats and
without the air-conditioning.

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UR Unreserved: The cheapest accommodation, with seats made of
pressed wood and are rarely cushioned. Although entry into the
compartment is guaranteed, a sitting seat is not guaranteed. Tickets
issued are valid on any train on the same route if boarded within 24
hours of buying the ticket. These coaches are usually very crowded.

At the rear of the train is a special compartment known as the guard's cabin.
It is fitted with a transceiver and is where the guard usually gives the all
clear signal before the train departs. A standard passenger rake generally has
four general compartments, two at the front and two behind, of which one is
exclusively for ladies. The exact number varies according to the demand and
the route. A luggage compartment can also exist at the front or the back. In
some trains a separate mail compartment is present. In long-distance trains a
pantry car is usually included in the centre.

Freight Rail

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A single line rail bridge IR carries a huge variety of goods ranging from
mineral ores, fertilizers and petrochemicals, agricultural produce, iron &
steel, multimodal traffic and others. Ports and major urban areas have their
own dedicated freight lines and yards. Many important freight stops have
dedicated platforms and independent lines.

Indian Railways makes 70% of its revenues and most of its profits from the
freight sector, and uses these profits to cross-subsidise the loss-making
passenger sector. However, competition from trucks which offer cheaper
rates has seen a decrease in freight traffic in recent years. Since the 1990s,
Indian Railways has switched from small consignments to larger container
movement which has helped speed up its operations. Most of its freight
earnings come from such rakes carrying bulk goods such as coal, cement,
food grains and iron ore.

Indian Railways also transports vehicles over long distances. Trucks that
carry goods to a particular location are hauled back by trains saving the
trucking company on unnecessary fuel expenses. Refrigerated vans are also
available in many areas. The "Green Van" is a special type used to transport
fresh food and vegetables. Recently Indian Railways introduced the special
'Container Rajdhani' or CONRAJ, for high priority freight. The highest
speed notched up for a freight train is 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph) for a
4,700 metric tonne load.

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Recent changes have sought to boost the earnings from freight. A
privatization scheme was introduced recently to improve the performance of
freight trains. Companies are being allowed to run their own container trains.
The first length of an 11,000-kilometre (6,800 mi) freight corridor linking
India's biggest cities has recently been approved. The railways has increased
load limits for the system's 225,000 freight wagons by 11%, legalizing
something that was already happening. Due to increase in manufacturing
transport in India that was augmented by the increase in fuel cost,
transportation by rail became advantageous financially. New measures such
as speeding up the turnaround times have added some 24% to freight
revenues.

Dedicated Freight Corridor

Under the Eleventh Five Year Plan of India(2007–2012), Ministry of
Railways is constructing a new Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC) covering
about 2762 route km long two routes - the Eastern Corridor from Ludhiana
to Sone Nagar and the Western Corridor from Jawaharlal Nehru Port at
Nhava Sheva, Mumbai to Tughlakabad/Dadri along with interlinking of two
corridors at Dadri. Upgrading of transportation technology, increase in
productivity and reduction in unit transportation cost are the focus areas for
the project. According to initial estimates, the project would cost 20,500
crore (US$4.4 billion).

A new company, "Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India

Limited(DFCCIL)", designated as a `special purpose vehicle`, has been
created to undertake planning & development, mobilization of financial

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resources and construction, maintenance and operation of the Dedicated
Freight Corridors. DFCCIL has been registered as a company under the
Companies Act 1956 on 30 October 2006. Rail budget and finances

The Railway Budget deals with planned infrastructure expenditure on the

railways as well as with the operating revenue and expenditure for the
upcoming fiscal years, the public elements of which are usually the
induction and improvement of existing trains and routes, planned investment
in new and existing infrastructure elements, and the tariff for freight and
passenger travel. The Parliament discusses the policies and allocations
proposed in the budget. The budget needs to be passed by a simple majority
in the Lok Sabha (Lower House). The comments of the Rajya Sabha (Upper
House) are non-binding. Indian Railways is subject to the same audit control
as other government revenue and expenditures. Based on anticipated traffic
and the projected tariff, requirement of resources for capital and revenue
expenditure of railways is worked out. While the revenue expenditure is met
entirely by railways itself, the shortfall in the capital (plan) expenditure is
met partly from borrowings (raised by Indian Railway Finance Corporation)
and the rest from Budgetary support from the Central Government. Indian
Railways pays dividend to the Central Government for the capital invested
by the Central Government.

As per the Separation Convention (on the recommendations of the Acworth

Committee), 1924, the Railway Budget is presented to the Parliament by the
Union Railway Minister, two days prior to the General Budget, usually
around 26 February. Though the Railway Budget is separately presented to
the Parliament, the figures relating to the receipt and expenditure of the
Railways are also shown in the General Budget, since they are a part and
parcel of the total receipts and expenditure of the Government of India. This
document serves as a balance sheet of operations of the Railways during the
previous year and lists out plans for expansion for the current year.

The formation of policy and overall control of the railways is vested in

Railway Board, comprising the Chairman, the Financial Commissioner and
other functional members of Traffic, Engineering, Mechanical, Electrical
and Staff departments.

Indian Railways, which a few years ago was operating at a loss, has, in
recent years, been generating positive cash flows and been meeting its

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dividend obligations to the government, with (unaudited) operating profits
going up substantially.[40] The railway reported a cash surplus of 900 crore
(US$195.3 million) in 2005, 14,000 crore (US$3 billion) in 2006, 20,000
crore (US$4.3 billion) in 2007 and 25,000 crore (US$5.4 billion) for the
2007-2008 fiscal year. Its operating ratio improved to 76% while, in the last
four years, its plan size increased from 13,000 crore (US$2.8 billion) to
30,000 crore (US$6.5 billion). The proposed investment for the 2008-2009
fiscal year is 37,500 crore (US$8.1 billion), 21% more than for the previous
fiscal year. Budget Estimates-2008 for Freight, Passenger, Sundry other
Earnings and other Coaching Earnings have been kept at 52,700 crore
(US$11.4 billion), 21,681 crore (US$4.7 billion), 5,000 crore (US$1.1
billion) and 2,420 crore (US$525.1 million) respectively. Maintaining an
overall double digit growth, Gross Traffic Earnings have been projected as
93,159 crore in 2009–10 (19.1 billion USD at current rate), exceeding the
revised estimates for the current fiscal by 10,766 crore (US$2.3 billion).
Around 20% of the passenger revenue is earned from the upper class
segments of the passenger segment (the air-conditioned classes).

The Sixth Pay Commission was constituted by the Government of India in

2005 to review the pay structure of government employees, and submitted
its recommendations in April 2008. Based on its recommendations, the
salaries of all Railways officers and staff were to be revised with
retrospective effect w.e.f. January 1, 2006, resulting in an expenditure of
over 13,000 crore (US$2.8 billion) in 2008-09 and 14,000 crore (US$3
billion) in 2009–10. Consequently, staff costs have risen from 44% of
ordinary working expenses to 52%.

FUTURE SCOPE AND FUTURE

ENHANCEMENT OF THE PROJECT

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As most of the business documentation works through computer
therefore this is useful for railway lines. The purpose of computerization
is basic need for organizations at this time because it is helpful to
decrease the lot of mistakes which are comes through manual work and
reduce the calculation graph, that`s why such modification &
improvement is nothing but computerization in India.

This project focuses on how we can maintain the all transaction like
Reservation of passengers. At this time project is developed only for
single user and my future scope is to add all operations regarding multi
user so as to connect all Reservation counters with each other to find out
the any transaction and records of any train and also we can find out the
current information of any train.

CONCLUSION

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This project is one of the modules of “RAILWAY RESERVATION
SYSTEM” . We have taken different forms and try to cover or fulfill all the
requirements of the RAILWAY RESERVATION.

This project is helpful for Railway reservation which deals with reserving
tickets for different categories and maintains their database.

The project on railway reservation is like a challenge for us, which we

accepted & completed with the best of our efforts, knowledge & skills.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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• Information Practices – (Sumita Arora)

• Visual Basic 6.0 – (Gary Cornell)

• VB 6.0 Programming Black Book – (Steven Holzner)

• MS – Access

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