1

Mathematics - A Level P3
Complex Numbers Exercise -1 [ with Answers / Argand diagrams]

1. The complex number ( 3- i ) is denoted by u. Its conjugate is denoted by u*.

(i) On argand diagram with origin O, Show the points A, B and C representing the complex numbers u, u*
and u*-u. respectively. What type of quadrilateral is OABC? [4]
*
(ii) Show your working and without using calculator, express u /u in the form x + iy, where x and y are real
numbers. [3]
3 1
(iii) By considering the argument of u*/ u ; prove that tan 1  2 tan 1 . W-15/ 31/ 32 [3]
4 3
SP-3/ Q9/2017

2. (a) Find the complex no. z, satisfying the equation: z*+ 1 = 2iz, where z*denotes the complex conjugate of z, Give
your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real numbers. [5]
(b) (i) On a sketch of argand diagram, shade the region where points represent complex numbers satisfying the
inequities.
z  1  3i  1 and Ima z  3 , where ima z denotes the imaginary part of z. March-16/ 32/ Q10
[4]
(ii) Determine the difference between the greatest and least values of arg z for points lying in this region. [2]
3. (a) Solve the equation : i z2 + 2z – 3i = 0, Give your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real
numbers. [5]
(b) (i) On a sketch of argand diagram, show the locus representing complex numbers satisfying the
equation : z  z  4  3i [2]

(ii) Find the complex number represented by the point on the locus, where z is least. Find the modulus and
argument of this complex numbers giving the argument correct to two decimal places. [3]
S-16/ 32/ Q10

4. (a) Showing all your working and without use of a calculator, find the square root of a complex numbers 7-6 2 i.
Give your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real and exact. [5]
(b) (i) On an argand diagram, sketch the loci of the points representing complex numbers w and z such that :
3
w  1  2i  1 and arg (z-1) =  [4]
4
S-16/ 31/ Q10
(ii) Calculate the least value of w  z for the points on these loci. [2]
5. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted. The complex numbers -1+3i and 2-i are
denoted by u and v respectively. In an argand diagram with origin O, the points A, B and C respresent the
numbers u, v and u + v respectively.
(i) Sketch this diagram and state fully the geometrical relationship between OB and AC. [4]
(ii) Find in the form x + iy, where x and y are real, the complex numbers u/v. [3]
3
(iii) Prove that angle AOB =  S-16/ 33/ Q9 [2]
4
6. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted.
(a) Solve the equation: 1  2i w 2  4w  (1  2i)  0 , giving your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are
real. [5]
(b) On the sketch of an argand diagram, shade the region whose points represent complex numbers satisfying the
1 1
inequalities: z  1  i  2 and    arg z   W-16/31/ 32/ Q9
[5]
4 4
 2

7. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted.

The complex number z is defined by z = 2 - 6 i. The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z*.
(i) Find the modulus and argument of z. [2]
(ii) Express each of the following in the form x + iy, where x and y are real and exact.
(a) z + 2 z*.
(b) z*/ iz [4]
(iii) On a sketch of an Argand diagram with origin O, Show the points A and B representing the complex
1
numbers z* and iz respectively. Prove that angle AOB is equal to  W-16/33/ Q7 [3]
6
22  4i
8. The complex number w is defined by w 
2  i 2
(i) Without using a calculator, show that w = 2+4i [3]
1 3
(ii) It is given that p is a real number such   arg( w  p)   . Find the set of possible values of
4 4
p. [3]
(iii) The complex conjugate of w is denoted by w*. The complex numbers w and w* are represented in
Argand diagram by the points S and T respectively. Find, in the form z  a  k , the equation of circle
passing through S, T and the origin. S-15/31/ Q8 [3]
9. The complex number u is given by u = -1 + 4 3i
(i) Without using a calculator and showing all your working. Find the two square roots of u. Give your
answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real and exact. [5]
(ii) On an Argan diagram, sketch the locus of points representing complex numbers z satisfying the relation
z  u  1 . Determine the greatest value of arg z for the points on this locus. S-15/32/ Q7 [4]
10. The complex numbers 1-i is denoted by u.
(i) Showing your working and without using a calculator, express i/u; in the form x + iy, where x and y are
real. [2]
(ii) On an Argand diagram, sketch the loci representing complex numbers z satisfying the equation:
z  u  z and z  i  2 [4]
(iii) Find the argument of each of the complex numbers represented by the points of intersection of the two
loci in part(ii) S-15/33/ Q8 [3]
11. (a) It is given that (1 + 3i) w = 2 + 4i.
Showing all necessary working , prove that the exact value of w 2 is 2 and find arg (w2) correct to 3 significant
figures. [6]
(b) On a single argand diagram sketch the loci z  5 and z  5  z . Hence determine the complex numbers
i
represented by the points common to both loci, giving each answer in the form re . [4]
W-15/33/ Q9

9 3  9i
12. The complex number z is defined by z = . Find showing all working
3 i
(i) An expression for z in the form re , where r > 0 and      
i
[5]
(ii) The two square roots of z, giving your answer in the form re i , where r > 0 and       [3]
S-14/31/ Q5
 3

13. (a) It is given that -1+ 5 i is a root of the equation :

z  2 z  a  0 , where a is real. Showing your working, find the value of a, and write down the other complex
3

roots of this equation. [4]

w 1
(b) The complex numbers w has modulus 1 and argument 2  radian. Show that  i tan  . [4]
w 1 S-14/32/ Q7
3  5i
14. (a) The complex numbers is denoted by u. Showing your working, express u in the form (x+iy),
1  4i
where x and y are real. [3]
(b) (i) on a sketch of an Argand diagram, shade the region whose points represent complex numbers satisfying the
inequalities: z  2  i  1 and z  i  z  2 [4]
(ii) Calculate the maximum value of arg z for points lying in the shaded region. S-14/33/ Q7 [2]
15. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted.
The complex numbers w and z satisfy the relation:
zi
w=
iz  2
(i) Given that z = 1+ i, find w, giving your answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real. [4]
(ii) Given instead that w = z and the real part of z is negative, find z , giving your answer in the form x + iy,
where x and y are real. [4]
W-14/31/32/ Q5

16. The complex numbers w and z are defined by : w = 5+3i and z = 4+ i.

iw
(i) Express in the form x + iy , showing all your working and giving the exact values of x and y. [3]
z
3 1 1
(ii) Find wz and hence, by considering arguments, Show that tan 1    tan 1     [4]
5 4 4
17. (a)Without using a calculator, solve the equation: W-14/33/ Q5
3w+2iw* = 17 + 8i,
Where w* denotes the complex conjugate of w, give your answer in the form a+bi. [4]

(b) In an Argand diagram, the loci

1
arg( z – 2i) =  and z  3  z  3i S-13/31/ Q7
6

intersect at the point P. Express the complex number represented by P in the form re i , giving the exact value of
 and the value of r correct to 3 significant figures. [5]

18. (a) The complex number w is such that Re w > 0 and w+3w*=iw2, where w*denotes the complex conjugate of w.
Find w, giving your answer in the form x+iy, where x and y are real. [5]

(b) On a sketch of an Argand diagram, Shade the region whose points represent the complex numbers z which
1
satisfy both the inequalities z  2i  2 and 0  arg( z  2)   . Calculate the greatest value of z for the points in
4
this region, giving your answer correct to 2 decimal places. S-13/32/ Q9 [6]
 4

19. The complex numbers z = a + ib. The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z*.
Show that z  z.z * and that (z-ki)*= z*+ki, where k is real. In an Argand diagram a set of points
2
(i)

representing complex numbers z is defined by the equation : z  10i  2 z  4i . [2]

(ii) Show by squaring both sides that : zz*  2iz *  2iz  12  0 . Hence show that z  2i  4 . [5]
(iii) Describe the set of points geometrically. . S-13/33/ Q7 [1]

20. Throughout this question the use of a calculator is not permitted.

(a) The complex numbers u and v satisfy the equation:
u + 2v = 2i and iu + v = 3
Solve the equation for u and v , giving both answer in the form x + iy, where x and y are real. [5]
(b) On an Argand diagram, sketch the locus representing complex numbers z satisfying z  i  1 and the locus
3
representing complex numbers w, satisfying arg(w-2) =  . Find the least value of z  w for the points on
4
W-13/31/32/ Q8
these loci. [5]
21. (a) Without using a calculator, use the formula for the solution of a quadratic equation to solve:
(2-i)z2 + 2z + 2 + i = 0 give your answer in the form a+ib. [5]
1
i
4
(b) The complex number w is defined by w = 2 e . In an Argand diagram the points A, B and C represent the
complex number w, w3 and w* respectively ( where w* denotes the complex conjugate of w). Draw the Argand
diagram showing the points A, B and C, and calculate the area of triangle ABC. [5]
W-13/33/ Q9

22. The complex number u is defined by u 

1  2i 
2

2  i 
(i) Without using a calculator and showing your working express u in the form x + iy, where x and y are
real. [4]
(ii) Sketch an argand diagram showing the locus of the complex number z such that z  u  u [3]

23. The complex number u is defined by : u 

1  2i  S-12/31/ Q4
1  3i 
(i) Express u in the form x + iy, where x and y are real. [3]
(ii) Show on a sketch of an Argand diagram the points A, B and C respectively the complex number u, 1 + 2i and
1 – 3i respectively. [2]
3
(iii)
1 1
By considering the argument of 1 + 2i and 1 – 3i, Show that tan 2  tan 3   S-12/32/ Q4 [3]
4
24. (a) The complex numbers u and w satisfy the equation : u – w = 4i and uw = 5. Solve the equations for u and w,
giving your answer in the form (x + iy), where x and y are real. [5]
(b) On a sketch of an argand diagram, shade the region whose points represent complex numbers satisfying the

inequalities z  2  2i  2 and Re  1 , where Re z denoted the real parts of z; arg z   [5]
4
(c) calculate the greatest possible value of Re z for points lying in the shaded region. S-12/33/ Q10 [1]
 5

25. The complex number 1+ 2i is denoted by u. The polynomial x 4  x 2  2 x  6 is denoted by p(x).

(i) Showing your working, verify that u is a root of the equation p(x)=0, and write down a second complex root of
the equation. [4]

(ii) Find the other two roots of the equation p(x) = 0. W-12/31/32/Q9 [6]
2
26. (a) Without using a calculator, Solve the equation iw2 = (2-2i) [3]

(b) (i) Sketch an argand diagram showing the region R consisting of points representing the complex number z
where z  4  4i  2 [2]

(ii) For complex numbers represented by the points in the region R, It is given that p  z  q and
  arg z   . Find the values of p, q,  and  , giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures. [6]

W-12/33/Q10

******
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Mathematics - A Level P3
Complex Numbers Answers
 
1. (i) OABC is a parallelogram [ AB  OC ] 2. 1 2 
(a) z =   i
3 3 

4 3 
(ii)   i (b) (i) Shaded region
5 5  2
(ii)   tan 1  33.7 
 u  3
(iii) use arg   = arg u  - arg u
u 

3. (a) ( 2  i) and ( 2  i) 4. 
(a)  3  i 2 
(b)(i) (b) (i)
Line l perpendicular
Locus of w is circle
bisector of OA is
with centre P(1,2),
the required locus.
r= 1

(ii) z is least at M. [Mid-point of OA] Locus of z is

OM 
5 3
and arg OM = tan 1  36.87  (ii) Min w  z  AB  AP  BP  ( 2  1)
2 4

5. 6. 1 2 
(a) (-1+2i) or   i
5 5 
(b) z  (1  i)  2
Interior of circle centre C(1, 1) and radius = 2 and
 
  arg z  Interior of AOB
4 4
 
(i) OB  AC , OB and AC are parallel and equal.
  1  i 
u
(ii)
v
 arg  1  i 
u
(iii) AOB  arg u  arg v  arg
v
3
 tan 1  1  
4
 7

7.  8. (i) 2 + 4i = w
(i) z  2 2 ; arg z  (ii)  6  p  2
3

(ii) (a) z + 2z = 3 2  6i
*
 (iii) z  5  5

z  3 1 
(b)   i
iz  2 2 
(iii) z* = 2  6i  A
iz =  6  2i  B 
 1  
AOB  arg z   argiz   arg
z
 tan 1  
iz  3 6
9. (i)  3  2i  10.  1 1 
(i)  
 i
(ii) arg z = 106.4 or (1.86 radian)  2 2 
(ii) Perpendicular Bisector of segment joining O(0,0)
and u(1,-1).
And Circle C (0,1) and r = 2
(iii) Point of intersection (2 + i)  arg  26.6 and

(0,-1) and arg = 
2

11. 7 1  12. i
Find w =   i (i) z = 9e 3
5 5    5
i i
 48 14  (ii) 3 e 6
and 3e 6
 w2    i 
 25 25 
13. (i) a = -12
 
2 2
 48   14  Second complex root is  1  5i and 2
(i) w      
2
 2
 25   25  (ii) w  1 , arg w = 2 
 14 
arg w2 = tan-1   48   0.284 or (  16.3 )  w = ( cos 2  i sin 2 )
 
w  1 cos 2  i sin 2   1
L.H.S.  and proceed.
w  1 cos 2  i sin 2   1
(ii)
(i) circle centre
at O. and r = 5 14. (a) (-1-i)
(ii) is (b) (i) Circle C(2,1)
P
perpendicular bisector and radius = 1
of OP intersect at A b(ii) Reg
and B. OA = r,

Complex Number
Ans Point A and B

= z  i  z  2 Half plane of perpendicular bisector of

(0,1) and (2,0)
15. 3 1   3 1  16.  7 23 
(i)   i (ii)  
 i (i)    i (ii) wz = (17 + 17i)
2 2   2 2   17 17 
 3 1
Use arg wz = arg w + arg z;  tan 1  tan 1
4 5 4
 8

17. (a) w = (7 – 2i) 

18. (a) w = 2 2  2i 
(b) z  3  z  3i perpendicular bisector of A(3,0),
(b) z  2i  2 is a circle C(0,2), r = 2

B(0,3)  OP , arg (z-2i) =
6
Sine Rule



And 0  arg  z  (2)  
i 4
P( z )  rei  6.69e 4 
Half line AB, A(-2,0), arg , OB = z  3.7
4
19. (iii)Represent a circle with Centre at 2i and radius = 4 20. (a) u = (-2-2i) and v = (1+2i)
(b) z  i  1 represents a circle. C(0,-1) and r = 1 and
arg(w-2) = is a half line

through A(2,0) and an angle .

Min

21.  4 3  22.  2 11 
(a)  
 i  and –i (i) u =  
 i
 5 5   5 5 
  3
i i i   2 11 
(b) w = 2 e 4 , w* = 2 e 4
and w3 = 8. e 4 (ii) z  u  u ; z   i  5
 5 5 
Area
 2 11 
Circle Centre    i  and r = 5
 5 5 

23. 23. (iii) Now

tan   tan  23
tan     
(i) u =
  1
1  tan  tan  1  2  3
(ii) arg (1+2i) =
    tan 1  1
3
arg(1-3i)=  tan 1 2  tan 1 3 
4
 9

24.  u  1  2i
(i) 
 u  1  2i
or 

25. (i) 1  2i 
w  1  2i w  1  2i (ii) (-1-i) , (-1+ i)
Greatest value of Re z is
at P = OQ
Now OP = OC + CP
=
OQ = OP . cos 45

26. (a) w =  2 2i
(b)(i) z  (4  4i)  2 Circle C(4+4i) and r = 2
(ii) p  z  q
p = OC – CP = 4 2  2  3.66
q = 4 2  2  7.66
  2
    sin 1
 0.424 radian
4 4
4 2
  2
      sin 1  1.15 radian
4 4 4 2