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class 12 computer notess

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14 views

Text File

class 12 computer notess

Uploaded by

mansimishra162007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TEXT FILE

File:- A file is a collection of related data

DATA FILES:- They are of two types


1. Text Files:-Stores information in ASCII characters.
2. Binary Files:- Stores information in the same format which the information is held
in memory.

OPENING AND CLOSING OF FILE


1. Open():- This unction takes two parameters; filename, and mode. open( ) function
returns a file object
2. Close():- It function is used to close a file.

FILES MODES

Text file Binary File Mode Description


mode
‘r’ ‘rb’ Read - Default mode . Opens a file for
reading,displays error if the file does not exist.
‘w’ ‘wb’ Write - Opens a file for writing, creates the file if it
does not exist
‘a’ ‘ab’ Append - Opens a file for appending, creates the file
if it does not exist
‘r+’ ‘rb+’ Read and Write-File must exist, otherwise error is
raised.
w+’ ‘wb+’ Read and Write :- File is created if does not exist.

‘a+’ ‘ab+’ Read and write-Append new data

Reading the data from a file:



read( ) : reads n bytes. if no n is specified, reads the entire file.
readline( ) : Reads a line. if n is specified, reads n bytes.
readlines( ): Reads all lines and returns a list.

Write data to a file:


write( ): Write string to a file.

writelines( ): Write content of list into files


EXAMPLES OF TEXT FILES

1. Define count vowels( ):- To count number of vowels present in file


"xyz.txt"
def countvowels( ):

f=open("xyz.txt" , "r")
s=f.read( )
c=0
for z in s:
if z in "aeiouAEIOU":
c=c+1
print(c)

2. Define countdo( ):- To count how many times word " Do " , " Do " , " do
" , " dO " is present in file " DO.txt "
f=open("DO.txt" , "r")
s=f.read( )
s=s.split( )
c=0
for z in s:
if z in ["DO" , "Do" ,"do" , "dO"]:
c=c+1
print(c)
3. Define revtext( ):- To display those words in reverse order that are
starting with "A" or "a'

def revtext( ):

f=open("rev.txt" , "r")
s=f.read( )
s=s.split( )
for z in s:
if z[0] in ["A" , "a"]:
print(z[-1: : -1])

4. Define display ( ):- To display those line whose length is more then 5

def display( ):

f=open("country.txt" , "r")
s=f.readlines( )
for z in s:
if len(z) > 5:
print(z)

5. Define display ( ):- To display those lines starting with “I” or “I”

def display( ):
f=open("country.txt" , "r")
s=f.readlines( )
for z in s:
if z[0] in ["I" , "i"]:
print(z)

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