Chapter-7

Web Hosting
The process of storing web pages on a server is called web hosting.The companies that

provide web hosting services are called web hosts.Hosting allows individuals and

organizations to make their website accessible via the World Wide Web.They own and

manage web servers.Servers offer uninterrupted connectivity,software packages for

databases etc..

Types of web hosting

The type of web hosting is decided by amount of space needed for hosting,number of

visitors to website,database and programming language support etc.Web hosts provide

different types of hosting packages.Web hosting is classified into three types shared

hosting,virtual hosting and dedicated hosting.

a)Shared hosting:-It is the common type of web hostingIt is called shared because

many websites reside on one web server connected to the Internet.They share

resources(RAM,CPU etc).Shared hosting is not suitable for wesites with high

bandwidth,large storage space etc.It is not suitable for small sites with less traffic.Shared

servers are cheaper and easy to use.Updates and security issues are handled by the

hosting company.The main dis-advantage of shared hosting is that other sites will slow

down if any one of the site has heavy traffic as bandwidth is shared by many sites.

b)Dedicated hosting:-In dedicated hosting a web site uses(lease) an entire server and

its resources.The web server is not shared with other servers.It is mostly used by websites

that receive a large volume of traffic.The web sites of large organizations,government

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departments etc use dedicated web hosting.The advantage of dedicated web hosting is

that servers are hosted in data center which has internet connection,uninterrupted

power supply etc.

Colocation is a form of dedicated hosting in which the client can use their own server

and other facilities are provided by service provider.

c)Virtual Private Server:-A virtual Private Server(VPS) is a physical server that is

virtually partitioned into several servers.Each VPS works like a dedicated server and has

its own operating system,software etc.Each VPS works as an independent server.The user

of VPS can install and configure any type of softwares.VPS is also called virtual

dedicated server (VDS).This type of hosting is suitable for websites that requires more

features at less expense.Some popular virtualization softwares are Vmware,Free

VPS,Virtualbox,Microsoft Hyper-V etc.

Buying Hosting Space

The process of storing web pages on a server is called web hosting.Several factors are to

be considered while purchasing hosting space such as amount of space needed,support

technology,web server(Windows or Linux Server),database facility etc.

Domain name registeration

Domain names are used to identify a web site on the internet.Most web hosting

companies offer domain registeration facility.The domain name chosen must be

unique.It can be done using the website www.whois.net which checks domain name with

ICANN( Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ) database.When a

user inputs the domain name the web page will be displayed using DNS server.The
domain name is connected with IP address of the web server using Address record(‘A’
record).The ‘A record’ can be modified by logging into the control panel of the

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domain.The A record is used to store IP address of web server connected to a domain
name.

WHOIS is a public database which helps to find out information about a specific domain
name.WHOIS database contains name,addres,telephone number and e-mail address of
who owns the domain(Registrant).

FTP client software

An FTP client software is used to transfer files of a web site to a web server.FTP client

establishes a connection with a remote server to transfer files.It needs a user name and

password.Now a days SSH FTP(SFTP) protocol is used to send user name and password

in an encrypted form.It uses SSH protocol.Once the client is authenticated the client

canupload files.Some of the popular FTP clients are File Zilla,Cute FTP,Smart FTP ..etc.

Free hosting

Free hosting provides web hosting free of charge.They often displays advertisements in

websites to meet the expenses.They often allows only limited support.

Disadvantages of free web hosting are

1) The free hosting plans do not provide the separate domain name. Instead, they

only offer the sub domain upon their own domain name.

2) There is no customer support.

3) Limited Bandwidth and SpeedHSSLIVE

Content Management System

A content management system is a web application which allows creating, publishing,

editing and modifying web sites..It provides templates for designing web sites.CMSs are

often used in blogs,shopping sites.The content management system (CMS) has two

elementsContent management application (CMA) and Content display application

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(CDA) .The main advantage of CMS is nontechnical people can manage the contents of

web sites.Also people who has no knowledge of web programming can create dynamic

web sites.Joomla and Wordpress are examples of content management systems.

Advantages of Content Management Systems are,

1.Non-technical people can easily create and manage web sites.

2.It is easy to maintain CMS based sites.

3.Design changes are simple.

Responsive web design

Responsive web design is an approach to web design aimed at providing an optimal

viewing and interactive experience.Itmakes your web page look good on all devices

(desktops, tablets, and phones).The term ‘Responsive Web Designing’ was coined by

Ethan Marcotee.Responsive web designing uses flexible images,videos,layouts etc..

Summary:-

 The process of storing web pages on a web server is called web hosting.
 A website is a collection of web pages.
 A web server is a computer that stores web pages.
 Apache is an example of a free web server.
 Web hosts are companies that provide space on a server owned or leased for use.
 The three types of web hosting are Shared hosting,Dedicated hosting and Virtual
Private Server (VPS).
 Domain names are used to identify a website in the internet.
 ICANN stands for Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers .
 FTP(File Transfer Protocol) is used to transfer files from one computer to
another.
 A content management system (CMS) is a system used to manage the content of
a Web site.Wordpress,Drupal,Joomla!, ExpressionEngine(EE) are some of the
popular CMS .

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  Responsive Web Design makes your web page look good on all devices (desktops,
tablets, and phones).

Previous Questions

1)What type of hosting will you use to support a government website ?Give its
advantages . March 2016

2)Identify the odd one :

(a) Word Press (b) File Zilla (c) Joomla (d) Drupal March 2016

3)What type of hosting package is suitable for a multinational online shopping site
.Mention any two advantages of the package. March 2016

4)What is the need of registering a domain name for a website ?Explain the procedure of
domain name registration . March 2016

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