Scribd
Upload
44 views

Go Programming Language Tutorial

A tutorial for the Go programming language.

Uploaded by

eowug
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
44 views

Go Programming Language Tutorial

A tutorial for the Go programming language.

Uploaded by

eowug
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Go Programming Language Tutorial

Go (or Golang) is a statically typed, compiled programming language designed by Google. It’s known
for simplicity, speed, and a robust concurrency model.

1. Installation
1. Download and install Go from golang.org.
2. Verify installation:
bash
Copy code
go version

3. Set up your workspace:


• By default, Go uses ~/go as its workspace.
• Define GOPATH and add $GOPATH/bin to your PATH.

2. Your First Go Program


Create a file named hello.go:
go
Copy code
package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
}

Run it:
bash
Copy code
go run hello.go

To build a binary:
bash
Copy code
go build hello.go
./hello
3. Go Language Basics
Variables
go
Copy code
package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
// Declare and initialize variables
var a int = 10
b := 20 // Short declaration

fmt.Println("a:", a, "b:", b)
}

Data Types
• Basic types: int, float64, string, bool
• Complex types: struct, array, slice, map, interface

Constants
go
Copy code
const Pi = 3.14
const (
A = 1
B = "Go"
)

4. Functions
go
Copy code
package main

import "fmt"

// Function with parameters and a return value


func add(a int, b int) int {
return a + b
}

func main() {
result := add(3, 5)
fmt.Println("Sum:", result)
}
Multiple Return Values
go
Copy code
func divide(a, b int) (int, int) {
return a / b, a % b
}

Anonymous Functions and Closures


go
Copy code
add := func(x, y int) int {
return x + y
}
fmt.Println(add(2, 3))

5. Control Flow
If/Else
go
Copy code
if x > 10 {
fmt.Println("Greater")
} else {
fmt.Println("Smaller or Equal")
}

For Loops
go
Copy code
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
fmt.Println(i)
}

Switch
go
Copy code
switch day {
case "Monday":
fmt.Println("Start of the week")
case "Friday":
fmt.Println("Weekend!")
default:
fmt.Println("Midweek")
}
6. Arrays, Slices, and Maps
Arrays
go
Copy code
var arr [5]int
arr[0] = 1
fmt.Println(arr)

Slices
go
Copy code
slice := []int{1, 2, 3}
slice = append(slice, 4)
fmt.Println(slice)

Maps
go
Copy code
m := map[string]int{"a": 1, "b": 2}
fmt.Println(m["a"])

7. Structs and Methods


Structs
go
Copy code
type Person struct {
Name string
Age int
}

func main() {
p := Person{Name: "John", Age: 30}
fmt.Println(p)
}

Methods
go
Copy code
func (p Person) Greet() {
fmt.Println("Hello, my name is", p.Name)
}
8. Goroutines and Channels
Goroutines
go
Copy code
go func() {
fmt.Println("Goroutine")
}()

Channels
go
Copy code
ch := make(chan int)

// Sender
go func() { ch <- 42 }()

// Receiver
val := <-ch
fmt.Println(val)

9. Error Handling
go
Copy code
package main

import (
"errors"
"fmt"
)

func divide(a, b int) (int, error) {


if b == 0 {
return 0, errors.New("division by zero")
}
return a / b, nil
}

func main() {
result, err := divide(10, 0)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("Error:", err)
} else {
fmt.Println("Result:", result)
}
}
10. Modules and Packages
Create a Module
bash
Copy code
go mod init example.com/myapp

Import Packages
Create a directory structure:
go
Copy code
myapp/
├── main.go
├── greet/
│ └── greet.go

greet.go:
go
Copy code
package greet

import "fmt"

func Hello() {
fmt.Println("Hello from package!")
}

main.go:
go
Copy code
package main

import "example.com/myapp/greet"

func main() {
greet.Hello()
}

11. Testing
Go has a built-in testing framework:
go
Copy code
package main

import "testing"
func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {
result := add(2, 3)
if result != 5 {
t.Errorf("Expected 5, got %d", result)
}
}

Run tests:
bash
Copy code
go test

This covers the core concepts of Go programming. You can expand by exploring advanced topics like
reflection, interfaces, and build optimizations.

You might also like