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1. EVOLUTION OF NETWORKING

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44 views2 pages

1. EVOLUTION OF NETWORKING

Uploaded by

stephanojeremiah453
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EVOLUTION OF NETWORKING

1. Pre-Internet Era (Before 1960s)


 In the early days, computers were isolated and communication was limited. Large
mainframe computers were connected to terminals and printers, allowing users to
access centralized computing resources. However, these networks were localized and
not interconnected.
2. Arpanet and the Birth of the Internet (1960s-1980s)
 The first major milestone in the evolution of networking was the development of
ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) in the late 1960s. ARPANET
was a research project funded by the U.S. Department of Defense, and it laid the
foundation for the internet.
 ARPANET introduced the concept of packet switching, which allowed data to be broken
into packets and sent across a network, and it used the TCP/IP protocol suite.
3. TCP/IP and the Internet (1980s-1990s)
 The 1980s saw the adoption of the TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol) suite as the standard for networking. This enabled the linking of various
networks and laid the groundwork for the global internet we know today.
 The Domain Name System (DNS) was introduced to map human-readable domain
names to IP addresses.
4. World Wide Web (1990s)
 The World Wide Web (WWW) was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 and became
publicly accessible in the early 1990s.
 It revolutionized how information was accessed and shared on the internet by providing
a user-friendly interface for accessing web pages and content.
5. Commercialization and the Dot-Com Boom (1990s)
 In the 1990s, the internet started to become commercialized. The dot-com boom saw
the rapid growth of internet-based businesses, and this era also witnessed the
development of e-commerce, online services, and the first internet service providers
(ISPs).
6. Broadband and High-Speed Internet (2000s)
 The 2000s saw the proliferation of broadband internet, which provided high-speed
connectivity to homes and businesses. This led to increased usage of multimedia
content, online video streaming, and cloud-based services.
7. Mobile Internet (2000s-Present)
 The introduction of smartphones and mobile data networks (3G, 4G, and now 5G)
transformed the way people access the internet.
8. Internet of Things (IoT) (2010s-Present)
 The IoT revolutionized networking by connecting various devices and sensors to the
internet. This includes smart appliances, wearable devices, and industrial machinery. IoT
networks are designed to handle massive numbers of interconnected devices.
9. Cloud Computing and Virtualization (2010s-Present)
 Cloud computing services allowed businesses and individuals to access and store data
and applications in the cloud, reducing the need for on-premises infrastructure.
Virtualization technologies also became prominent, allowing for the efficient use of
hardware resources.
10. Security and Privacy Concerns (Ongoing)
 With the increasing dependence on networks and the internet, issues of security and
privacy have gained prominence. Cybersecurity and data protection have become
significant challenges in the evolving networking landscape.
11. Edge Computing and 5G (Ongoing)
 Edge computing brings data processing closer to the source of data, reducing latency,
and enabling real-time applications.
 5G promises even faster and more reliable wireless connectivity, further accelerating
the IoT and enabling new use cases.

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