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Cyber Space Notes

The document provides an overview of essential internet concepts including the basics of the internet, WWW, HTTP, HTML, DNS, IP addresses, electronic mail, web browsers, search engines, and social media. It defines each term with examples and highlights their significance in digital communication and information exchange. Additionally, it includes common networking abbreviations and mentions the OSI layer model.

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34 views4 pages

Cyber Space Notes

The document provides an overview of essential internet concepts including the basics of the internet, WWW, HTTP, HTML, DNS, IP addresses, electronic mail, web browsers, search engines, and social media. It defines each term with examples and highlights their significance in digital communication and information exchange. Additionally, it includes common networking abbreviations and mentions the OSI layer model.

Uploaded by

navyamurali1124
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Open Elective: "Cyber Space"

Unit I: Basics of internet, www, http, html, DNS, IP Address, electronic mail, web browsers,
search engines, Social Media: Twitter, Facebook, Youtube, whatsapp, LinkedIn, advantages,
disadvantages, privacy issues

1) Definition of Basic of Internet:The internet is defined as a global network of linked computers,


servers, phones, and smart appliances that communicate with each other using the
transmission control protocol (TCP) standard to enable the fast exchange of information and
files, along with other types of services.

For example: Blog, Email, E-commerce, IP address, URL and FTP etc.

2) Definition of WWW:WWW stands for World Wide Web and is commonly known as the Web.
The WWW was started by CERN in 1989. WWW is defined as the collection of different
websites around the world, containing different information shared via local servers(or
computers).

For example:wikipedia.org, google.com, and amazon.com

3) Definition of Http:The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the foundation of the World
Wide Web, and is used to load webpages using hypertext links. HTTP is an application layer
protocol designed to transfer information between networked devices and runs on top of other
layers of the network protocol stack.

For example:http://www.unc.edu/home ..., http://www.example.com/index.html etc

4) Definition of Html:HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the set of markup symbols or


codes inserted into a file intended for display on the internet. The markup tells web browsers
how to display a webpage's words and images.

For example:<a>: Used for links

<b>: Used to make text bold

<body>: The main HTML part that contains all the visible content of a page

<br>: Used for line breaks

5) Definition of DNS:The Domain Name System is a hierarchical and distributed name service
that provides a naming system for computers, services, and other resources on the Internet or
other Internet Protocol networks. It associates various information with domain names
assigned to each of the associated entities.

For example:mymachine.example.com, and building.campus.university.edu etc.


6) Definition of IP address:An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a unique numerical identifier for
every device or network that connects to the internet. Typically assigned by an internet service
provider (ISP), an IP address is an online device address used for communicating across the
internet.

For example:192.168.1.1 (default IP address for Linksys routers)

192.168.0.1 (default IP address for D-Link and NETGEAR routers)

192.168.10.2 (IP address used by Cisco routers)

7) Definition of electronic mail:Electronic mail, commonly shortened to “email,” is a


communication method that uses electronic devices to deliver messages across computer
networks. "Email" refers to both the delivery system and individual messages that are sent and
received.

For example:[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], and


[email protected].

8) Definition of web browser:A web browser is an application for accessing websites. When a
user requests a web page from a particular website, the browser retrieves its files from a web
server and then displays the page on the user's screen. Browsers are used on a range of devices,
including desktops, laptops, tablets, and smartphones.

For example:Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Opera browser, Apple
Safari, and Tor.

9) Definition of search engines:A search engine is a software program that helps people find
the information they are looking for online using keywords or phrases. Search engines are able
to return results quickly—even with millions of websites online—by scanning the Internet
continuously and indexing every page they find.

For example:Google.

Bing.

Baidu.

Yahoo!

Yandex.

Ask.com.

DuckDuckGo.

10) Definition of social media:Social media are interactive technologies that facilitate the
creation, sharing and aggregation of content (such as ideas, interests, and other forms of
expression) amongst virtual communities and networks.

For example:Instagram.

YouTube.

Facebook.

Twitter.

TikTok.

Pinterest.

Snapchat.

LinkedIn.

Abbreviation :
1) MAN:Metropolitan Area Network

2) SAN:Storage Area Network

3) WAN:Wide-Area Network

4) LAN:Local Area Network.

5) CAN:campus area network

6) BAN:Body area network

7) ISO:International Organisation for Standardisation

8) OSI:Open Systems Interconnection.

9) ISI:Indian Standards Institute.

10) PAN:personal area network .

11) TCP:Transmission Control Protocol.

OSI layer model:

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