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4931_Grace College of Engineering, Mullakadu

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

B.E. Electronics and Communication Engineering

Anna University Regulation: 2021

EC3354 – Signals and Systems

II Year / III Semester

Question Bank

Unit – 3
Linear Time Invariant Continuous Time Systems

Prepared by

P.Tamilselvi AP/ECE
EC3354 – Signals and Systems

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UNIT III LINEAR TIME INVARIANT- CONTINUOUS TIME SYSTEMS

Part A Questions and Answers
1. What is the impulse response of two LTI systems connected in parallel? (or)
What is the overall impulse response h(t) when two systems with impulse response
h1(t) and h2(t) are parallel and in series? APR/MAY2010

If the system with impulse response h1(t) and h2(t) are parallel.
Output y(t) = x(t)*h(t)
where h(t) = h1(t) + h2(t)
Overall impulse response h(t) = h1(t) + h2(t)
If the system with impulse response h1(t) and h2(t) are series.
Output y(t) = x(t)*h(t)
where h(t) = h1(t) * h2(t)
Overall impulse response h(t) = h1(t) * h2(t)

2. State convolution integral or write down the convolution integral to find the
output of the CT system. NOV/DEC 2010, 2013, APR/MAY 2011,13,15,17
Ans:
The output y(t) is equal to the convolution of input signal x(t) and impulse
response h(t). y(t) = x(t)*h(t) y(t) = ( ) h(t - )d

3. i) Check whether the casual system with transfer function H(s) = is stable
MAY/JUNE 2013 APR/MAY 2009, 2017
Given: H(s) =
Taking inverse laplace transform,
= u(t)
Condition for stability is

u(t)d = d

= Output is bounded; therefore the system is “unstable”.

ii) Check the causality of the system with impulse response h(t) = e -tu(t).
NOV/DEC 2012
Solution:
Condition for causal
h(t) = 0 for t < 0
h(t) = e-t u(t) ; u(t- ) =
t < 0, means -∞ to 0 so sub t = -∞ to 0 u(-∞) to u(+0) => 0
h(t) = e-t (0) ; t< 0

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h(t) = 0; t < 0
Hence the system is “causal”.

4. What are the three elementary operations in block diagram representation of

continuous time system? MAY/JUNE 2013 NOV/DEC 2012
i). Scalar Multiplication:
The input X(s) is multiplied by a constant “a”. Hence the output is Y(s) = aX(s)

Fig: Scalar Multiplication

ii). Adder:
The two signals X1(s) & X2(s) are added to give the output Y(s)

Fig: Adder

iii). Integrators:

Fig: Integrators
5. Find the differential equation relating the input and output a CT system
represented by

H(jΩ) = MAY/JUNE 2014,17

Given: H(jΩ) =

H(jΩ) =

Difference equation,

Ans: + + 4y(t) = 4 x(t)

6. Determine the response of the sysytem with impulse response NOV/DEC 2011
h(t) = tu(t) for the input x(t) = u(t).
Solution
The response is given as

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y(t) =

=
Hence = 1 for 0 to t. The above equation becomes

y(t) = = t2

7. State the sufficient condition for an LTI continuous time system to be causal.
MAY/JUNE 2014
 An LTI system is causal h(t) = 0 for t < 0, if its impulse response is zero for
negative values of “t”.
 The system is said to be causal, if its output depends on present and past input.
 The system is said to be non-causal, if its output depends on future input.

8. What is the condition for a LTI system to be stable? MAY/JUNE 2013

 An LTI system is stable if its impulse response is absolutely integrable.
 The system is stable if it produces bounded output for bounded input.
 Necessary and sufficient condition for stability is

9. What is meant by impulse response of any system? APR/MAY2011 , 17

When the unit impulse function is applied as input to the system, the output is
nothing but impulse response h(t). The impulse response is used to study various
properties of the system such as causality, stability, dynamicity etc.

 Impulse response h(t) is the output y(t) produced by CT system when unit impulse
is applied at the input.
 Impulse response h(t) is obtained by taking inverse
Laplace transform from the transfer function.
Taking inverse Laplace transform

H(s) =
L-1 [H(s)] = h(t)

10. Define system function or transfer function.

System function or transfer function H(s) is defined as the ratio of Laplace
transform of the output to Laplace transform of the input. Initial conditions are zero.
H(s) =
Frequency response:
Frequency response is obtain from the transfer function
By replacing s = j

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H(s) =

H(j ) =

11. What are the conditions for a system to be LTI system? NOV/DEC 2013
Input and output of an LTI system are related by,

i.e. convolution

12. Write the impulse response properties.

 Dynamicity condition h(t) = (t)
 Causality
 Stability
 Step response

13. Define realization structure?

1. Block diagram representation of the differential equation is called realization
structure.
2. Block diagram is a pictorial representation of the system.
3. It is implemented with the help of scalar, multipliers, adder and integrators.

14. What are the different types of structure realization?

1. Direct form I realization.
2. Direct form II realization.
3. Cascade form realization.
4. Parallel form realization.
15. Write the Nth order differential equation? NOV/DEC 2010
The general form of Nth order linear constant coefficient differential equation is

y(t) = x(t)

UNIT – III
Part B Questions and Answers

1. BLOCK DIAGRAM:

a) Realize the system described by following differential equation in direct form I and

direct form II realization. +4 +7 + 12 y(t) = +2 +3 +

x(t). Apply Laplace transform with initial conditions are zero.

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b) Realize the transfer function H(s) = in cascade form and parallel
form realization.(APRIL/MAY 16, 17)
2. CONVOLUTION METHOD:
a) Obtain the convolution of the following two signals: NOV/DEC 2015 ,17
2t
x(t) = e u(-t)
h(t) = u(t-3)
3. ANALYSIS
Determine the impulse response h(t) of the system given by the differential equation

+ + 2y(t) = x(t)with all initial conditions are zero.(APRIL/MAY 16, 17)

4. ANALYSIS Using Initial Conditions

The differential equation +5 + 6y(t) = x(t) for x(t) = u(t). Find y(t) and initial

conditions are t=0 = -12, y(0) = 2 .Using Laplace transform. MAY 16, 17
5. Solution Using Differential Analysis
a) Solve the differential equation +4 + 5y(t) = 5x(t) with y(0-) = 1 and

= 2 and x(t) = u(t). MAY-16, NOV 10

b) Determine the impulse response of the CT system described by differential equation.

APRIL/MAY 05, NOV/DEC 10, 13 , 15

PART-C
1. A causal LTI system having a frequency response H(jΩ) = is producing an
output y(t) = u(t) - u(t) for a particular input x(t). Determine x(t).
2. Realize the given system in parallel form H(s) = APRIL/MAY 2017
3. (i) Using graphical convolution, find the response of the system whose impulse
response is h(t) = u(t)
for an input x(t) =
4. Realize the following is indirect form II. (8)(Pg – 3.10)
+4 +7 + 8y(t) = 5 +4 + 7x(t)

5. An LTI system is defined by the difference equation (10)(Pg - 3.52)

-4 + 5y(t) = 5 x(t) Find the response of the system y(t) for an input x(t) =
u(t), if the initial conditions are y(0) = 1; = 2. APRIL/MAY - 2016
6. Determine frequency response and impulse response for the system described by the
following differential equation. Assume zero initial conditions.
+ 3y(t) = x(t) (6)(Pg –3.44) APRIL/MAY - 2016

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 Click on Subject/Paper under Semester to enter.
Random Process and Electromagnetic
Professional English Linear Algebra -
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 All ECE Engg Subjects - [ B.E., M.E., ] (Click on Subjects to enter)
Circuit Analysis Digital Electronics Communication Theory
Basic Electrical and Electrical Engineering and Principles of Digital
Instrumentation Engineering Instrumentation Signal Processing
Electronic Devices Linear Integrated Circuits Signals and Systems
Electronic Circuits I Electronic Circuits II Digital Communication
Transmission Lines and Wave Control System Engineering Microprocessors and
Guides Microcontrollers
Computer Architecture Computer Networks Operating Systems
RF and Microwave Engineering Medical Electronics VLSI Design
Optical Communication and Embedded and Real Time Cryptography and
Networks Systems Network Security
Probability and Random Transforms and Partial Physics for Electronics
Processes Differential Equations Engineering
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Engineering II