Interview Preparation Material
Interview Preparation Material
*Pros*
• Very well known company in terms of skilled people, since they have really good training system. When someone leaves Aba
• Extreme level of hard work is needed and becomes tough at times (but that's what's great). Because they really push the pers
• Good increments.
• Spend 1 or 2 years atleast and don't miss the opportunity, since "Abacus" developers are well known in market.
*Cons*
• Growth is comparatively slow in terms of position (not in terms of salary though).
When someone leaves Abacus and applies somewhere else, they often are not interviewed much since they trust that someone experience
se they really push the person to the best to train him. If you feel like giving up, don't! There will always be a team to support you, and the t
wn in market.
ust that someone experiences from Abacus will surely be of great skillset.
am to support you, and the tough environment will be worth it.
2023 CODING TEST
Question Set_Recruitment Test
OOP
Inheritances ki types
Multilevel or multiple inheritance
List or tuple ma difference bss ye sb poocha
File handling,
Arrays benefitsappend and write mode. Difference, How to use them in java?
and drawbacks?
Divide and conquer
Constructor vs estructor
(Real World
Scope (local examples)
vs global)
Difference between var and let in context of scoping
Arbisoft online technical interview (30+ mints)
tion is enough?
?(agenda is to see what you do when your implied solution fails and you have to find a solution out of box)
OOAD/SE/
DSA Solution Interviewer SRE Solution Interviewer OTHERS
OOD ka sawal jo attempt kia tha test ma Introduce yourself
FYP
API walay ki approach
Coding
Solution Interviewer Questions Solution Interviewer
oduce yourself
walay ki approach
Solution Interviewer DB
Homogeneous and
Encapsulation heterogenous databases
dfs working
Bfs implementation detail theoretically
Then sudo code
2d array or matrix of character type
Make possible words from that matrix
*Arrivy interview*
deep copy
shallow copy Design patterns
Hashing Facade
Array vs linkedlist
Level order traversal with new line at each level
Zig zag traversal
Level by traversal
Binary search implementation
Array vs linked list
Hash function
intro
fyp
FYP and Semester projects in detail
SQA Interview
Basic concept of automation SQA Interview
Load and stress testing SQA Interview
Semester projects SQA Interview
Fyp SQA Interview
Why sqa SQA Interview
Limitations of automation SQA Interview
Coding Questions Solution Interviewer
Find the count of substrings in a string
that's palindrome
Intro
A bit of DSA
Pillars of oop
Funtion overloading/overriding
Dynamic Binding
Virtual Functions
Dangling Pointer
Which class constructor will be called in inheritance
abstraction vs encapsulation
Polymorphism Real world expample
static keyword
can we private constructor in class and benfit of it.
what cohesion does?
Inheritance types? Multi level vs multiple?
if third is inheriting from two classes and parent
classes have same name function
how to tackle that?
interviewer:
brainX 1st technical interview Zubair
problems:
1. find two most frequently occuring elements in non
unique sorted array
2. find difference of sum of left and right diagonal of
3x3 matrix in O(n)
3. fibonoci series using recursion
4. reverse linked list
5. 3 and 5 litre jug problem (measure 4 litre water)
6. delete node with two children in BST
PF:
pointer vs reference, memory leakage, dangling
pointer, access modifiers, static vs dynamic meory
allocation
-> how to avoid memory leakage
OOP:
inheritance, inheritance types, diamond problem,
abstract functions, abstract class, interface, friend
function, friend class, polymorphism, overriding,
overloading, constructor vs destructor, copy
constructor, shallow and deep copy
-> if child class provide definition to abstract function it
would be overriding or overloding?
DB:
normalization, nosql, transactions, roll back, stored
procedures, left join, self join, non-equi join, left outer
join
-> find all employees having same manager_id
DSA:
double linked list, BST, pre vs post order traversal
-> BFS and DFS on trees and graphs
AOA:
sorting alogrithms, name of any 4 algorithms, working
of selection sort
DB Solution Interviewer DSA Solution
Palindrom Problem
Find Power of Number using
recursion
15 Manufacture produce 27
balls in 1 hour, if there is 45
manufactures how many
ball they will make in 40
minutes.
There is array and sum value
you have to return index of
values which have equal to
sum. And How will you
reduce to O(n)?
Coding
Interviewer Questions Solution Interviewer
Diamond Problem
OOP
(What is it, How to
Solution Interviewer DB Solution
solve) NoSql
SQL vs NoSQL
Interviewe Interviewe
r DSA Solution r OOAD/SE/SRE
string palindrome
Linklist vs Array
Queue and Stack
Q1) array A consisting of N integers is given. A slice of that array is a pair of integers (P, Q) such that 0 ≤ P ≤ Q < N. A slice (P,
called non-negative if all the elements A[P], A[P+1], ..., A[Q−1], A[Q] are non-negative. The sum of a slice (P, Q) of array A is th
+ ... + A[Q−1] + A[Q]. For example, the following array A: A[0] = 1 A[1] = 2 A[2] = -3 A[3] = 4 A[4] = 5 A[5] = -6 has non-negative
1), (3, 3), (4, 4) and (3, 4). The sum of slice (0, 1) is A[0] + A[1] = 1 + 2 = 3. The sum of slice (3, 4) is A[3] + A[4] = 4 + 5 = 9. Th
A[4] = 5.
You are given an implementation of a function: def solution(A) that, given an array A consisting of N integers, returns the maxi
negative slice in this array. The function returns −1 if there are no non-negative slices in the array. For example, given the follow
A[1] = 2 A[2] = -3 A[3] = 4 A[4] = 5 A[5] = -6 the function should return 9, as explained above.
The attached code is still incorrect for some inputs. Despite the error(s), the code may produce a correct answer for the ex
goal of the exercise is to find and fix the bug(s) in the implementation. You can modify at most three lines. Assume that: N is an
range [0..1,000]; each element of array A is an integer within the range [−1,000..1,000]. In your solution, focus on correctness.
def solution(S):
max_sum = 0
current_sum = 0
positive = False
n = len(S)
for i in range(n):
item = S[i]
if item < 0:
if max_sum < current_sum:
max_sum = current_sum
current_sum = 0
else:
positive = True
current_sum += item
if (current_sum > max_sum):
max_sum = current_sum
if (positive):
return max_sum
return -1
Q2)
We will call a sequence of integers a spike if they first increase (strictly) and then decrease (also strictly, including the last elem
part). For example (4, 5, 7, 6, 3, 2) is a spike, but (1, 1, 5, 4, 3) and (1, 4, 3, 5) are not. Note that the increasing and decreasing
e.g.: for spike (3, 5, 2) sequence (3, 5) is an increasing part and sequence (5, 2) is a decreasing part, and for spike (2) sequenc
increasing and a decreasing part. Your are given an array A of N integers.
Your task is to calculate the length of the longest possible spike, which can be created from numbers from array A. Note that yo
to find the longest spike as a sub-sequence of A, but rather choose some numbers from A and reorder them to create the longe
function: def solution(A) which, given an array A of integers of length N, returns the length of the longest spike which can be cre
from A. Examples: 1. Given A = [1, 2], your function should return 2, because (1, 2) is already a spike. 2. Given A = [2, 5, 3, 2,
should return 6, because we can create the following spike of length 6: (2, 4, 5, 3, 2, 1). 3. Given A = [2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 1], your fu
because we can create the following spike of length 4: (2, 3, 2, 1) and we cannot create any longer spike. Note that increasing
should be strictly increasing/decreasing and they always intersect. Write an efficient algorithm for the following assumptions: N
range [1..100,000]; each element of array A is an integer within the range [1..1,000,000].
SOLUTION
def Solution(A):
size = len(A)
max_element = -1
if size < 3:
return 2;
for i in range(size):
if A[i] > max_element:
max_element = A[i]
frequency = {}
else:
frequency[A[i]] = 1
return max_size
OOP Solution Interviewer DB Solution
Draw schema of a
subsystem of FYP
(scenario given) All Types of Joins
Types of relationships in Basic Select / Where
DB Query
Given a scenario, explain
what relationship holds
there (1-many etc)
What is normalization?
and why do it?
2 NF
Pillars of OOP
MCQS
1-what is the worst case time complexity of the binary tree sort. (O(n2))
2-Physical or logical arrangement of network is __________ (Topology)
3-Which network topology requires a central controller or hub? (Star)
4-What is the full form of COCOMO? (Constructive Cost Estimation Model)
5- _____________ specification is also known as SRS document.(black box)
6-What is a database?(Organized collection of data or information that can be accessed, updated, and managed)
7-Which type of data can be stored in the database? (All of the above)
8-Smallest unit of data in computer(Bits)
9-Which command is used to remove a relation from an SQL? (Drop table)
10-For designing a normal RDBMS which of the following normal form is considered adequate? (3NF)
11-Quick sort is based on divide and conquer strategy (True)
12-public class array
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int []arr = {1,2,3,4,5};
System.out.println(arr[2]);
System.out.println(arr[4]);
}
}
Answer:3 and 5
13- What are the advantages of arrays?( Easier to store elements of same data type)
14- Elements in an array are accessed _____________ (randomly)
15- What is Software Engineering?(Application of engineering principles to the design a software)
16- CPU scheduling is the basis of ___________(multiprogramming operating systems)
17- Which of the following algorithm implementations is similar to that of an insertion sort?(Binary heap)
18- Given an array of element 5, 7, 9, 1, 3, 10, 8, 4. Which of the following are the correct sequences of elements after inserting
19-. Define Agile scrum methodology.(project management that emphasizes incremental progress)
20- Which of the following part of a processor contains the hardware necessary to perform all the operations required by a com
21-. What is the main function of the command interpreter?(to get and execute the next user-specified command)
22-What does the following piece of code do?
public void func(Tree root)
{
func(root.left());
func(root.right());
System.out.println(root.data());
}Postorder traversal
Answer: Postorder traversal
Interviewer DSA Solution Interviewer
ences of elements after inserting all the elements in a min-heap/max-heap? (same type of question with different values)
closures in JS
Virtual DOM in JS
sync vs async in JS
why async there in js->
related to multithread
concept Qu
Your role in fyp
let vs var in JS
hooks in react
Event Loop
Express Routers
OOP Solution
Interviewer DB Solution Interviewer DSA Solution Interviewer
OOAD/SE/
SRE Solution Interviewer OTHERS Solution Interviewer
basic questions tha
TEST QUESTIONS
Print 2D array in spiral
all types of joins explain krein with sql queries as an example
check if string is anagram
explain inheritance with code example using constructors
3 SQL queries questions
Interviewe
db joins -
OOP
Total types of
Solution Interviewer DB
queries
Solution r
inheritance
abstraction vs
encap
static - inheritence..
polymorphism
overloading vs overriding
Interviewe OOAD/ Interviewe
DSA Solution r SE/SRE Solution r OTHERS
hash table MVC
API
graph vs tree
bdf dfs
array vs ll
2d array to 1d array
Four pillars of oop ,differnce between encapsulation and Here main twist was printing Measure 4 L water from a jar of
abstraction,give examples by writing code. What is transaction index and not BST. 3L and 5L. anagram problem in O(n)
There's a linked list whose
head and tail is not known. I
have a pointer pointing to You have given 25 horses and
any random node. delete have to find top 3 in minimum
assignment and copy constructor.,constructor and that node. you can't races.Only five horses can
destructor. Find 3rd highest salary traverse it. participate in a race. sort array in n
I have an array like
[2, [2,3] , [4,5,[5,6,7,8], [5,4,[7,4]]]]
1st Interview Qs
1. Given a BST. There is a next pointer in
every node of the tree it should point to the Interviewer:
right node in the same level and the last Rahim ul haq
element of each level should point to Null.
Interview 3:
1. Given a binary tree every node of tree
should have a property of siblings which
Mohammad
will point to its next child.
Usman
Example
1
2 3 output: 1->2->3->null
Interview 4:
1. Given two strings find they if are
Wasiq Malik
anagrams
2. Reverse k sorted linkedlists Wasiq Malik
Online Tech Screen (SWE)
1. In a binary tree connect left nodes to the
neighbour right nodes at the same level.
e.g.
Input Tree
A
/\
B C.
/\ \
Rahim ul Haq
D E F
Output Tree
A--->NULL
/\
B-->C-->NULL
/\ \
D-->E-->F-->NULL
2- Given two arrays, find all pairs whose
sum is X. e
Input :
arr1[] = {1, 2, 4, 5, 7}
arr2[] = {5, 6, 3, 4, 8}
Rahim ul Haq
X=9
Output :
18
45
54
//space optimized dp
iint GetFibonacci(int n) {
if(n==0){
return n;
}
if(n==1 || n==2){
return 1;
Muhammad
Find the nth fibonacci }
Ahmad
int a1=1;
int a2=1;
for(int i=3;i<=n;i++){
a1=a1+a2;
swap(a1,a2);
}
return a2;}
Find the 3rd largest from bst in O(lgn) time Muhammad
3 pointers approach
and O(1) space Ahmad
In a square grid of 10x10, you have to find a path from 0,0 to 9,9 x2
How do you find height of a binary tree? x2
Find kth largest number in array, cost sould be less than O(kN)
v1 . . . vn, where n is even. We play a game against an opponent by alternating turns. In each turn, a player selects either the first or last c
Abstraction vs encapsulation
Association
Aggregation
Composition vs inheritance
Types of inheritance
sorting algos
Heap memory
normalisation complexity
allocation vs stack
crud queries memory allocation
- recursive
Schema of Instagram solution
joins
- Normal forms
- ERD/schema
what is indexing, it's
types and why we use
it?
schema of an e-commerce
website Maria Rafique
Normalization
Why Normalization is necessary?
Partial Dependency
Transitive Dependency
Indexing
Clustered and unclustered indexing
- node single
Maria Rafique Difference between Proxy and Prototype design Pattern threaded?
Short and long term
Adapter Pattern goals asked
FYP discussion -> 3rd
party integrations in
FYP, github workflow
ph and vice versa If a process is interrupted during execution where its state an
Assessment of decision
making -> choice of
subjects in matric,
intermediate -> Reason
of resign from internship
situational question
related to change in web
tech stack in market and
how to adapt that
change within the
project and team that is
skilled in old tech stack
what is React, and why
React?
Third Interview
Context Switching
Solution Interviewer Coding Questions Solution Interviewer
anagram
array basedcode
O(n) array
given thi jnka sum 10 ho wo
Maria Rafique Difference between Stack and Queue and their implementation
Maria Rafique Find an object from an array of object and delete it without affecting the order of object in arra
Rohail Akram
Rohail Akram
hout affecting the order of object in array
which adds upto the given target and return their indexes
Q1: shape is a parent class square and circle are child classes
Shape *sh=new Circle() ;
Is it valid statement? And explain why?
Q5: A customer paid a bill by checkingout on website. He is your website customer. And the status of payment become paid. T
Q6 write a query to display product name and category name where product ID is 1. Tables name are Product, Category and P
Q7: Design database of university its primary keys foreign keys of student, teachers and courses and also write usecases
Q8: print 2dimensional array of NxN size using one loop and one variable
Q9: Given an array of five positive integers. Calculate the mininum and maximum sum of 4 out of 5 integers. Calculate this in m
*Solutions* :
1st :
The pointer
Shape * s = new Circle();
As you already mentioned, s is a pointer-to-Shape in this case. The statement declares s, and assigns a pointer of type Circle t
Because C++ is a polymorphic language, s does now point to an object of type Circle. If Shape has virtual functions that are ov
2nd:
The singleton pattern is a design pattern that restricts the instantiation of a class to one object.
3rd:
The Publish/Subscribe pattern, also known as pub/sub, is an architectural design pattern that provides a framework for exchang
4th:
Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database. This includes creating tables and establishing relationships betw
{
int row = i / columns;
int col = i % columns;
cout << arr[row][col] << " ";
while (x / 10 > 0) {
// place digit
if (remainder == d1)
multiply *= 10;
if (x == d1)
return result;
}
Pf:
Class
Parent class child class
Polymorphism
Db:
Joins
Er diagram
Queries
Normalization (advatages disadvantaged)
How to optimise a querry
Sql injection
Dsa:
Array and string manipulation eg
Handling 2 d array
Finding min max
Find the count of specific number with minimum time complexity
Find and replace specific number
PB-8 in Python
How can we measure the size of project
TCP UDP
Hiw will you tell your Grand Mather you are doing Software Engineering on Phone call provided she has no education and she
MAC vs IP Address
Pickling in Python
HTML tags
Br, tb, td,
Filtering in Python
Some questions from design pattern and JavaScript are also asked lekin Maine JavaScript pe kaam nhi kya howa aur DP padh
They'll ask you to score your top 3 technologies/languages and then questioning will be accordingly
gns a pointer of type Circle to it. This implies that Circle is derived from Shape.
virtual functions that are overloaded by Circle, calls to those functions on s will be redirected to the overloading Circle implementation.
des a framework for exchanging messages between publishers and subscribers. This pattern involves the publisher and the subscriber relyi
ablishing relationships between those tables according to rules designed both to protect the data and to make the database more flexible b
he attacker to view or modify a database.
words, credit card details, or personal user information.
has no education and she is using Nokia 3310 mobile
m nhi kya howa aur DP padhi nhi is lye further questioning nhi hoi
Circle implementation.
sher and the subscriber relying on a message broker that relays messages from the publisher to the subscribers.
Question
Assessment
Given Questions
two strings find if a string can be equals to
other string by inserting, deleting one character only.
SQL
1.Having and where ka different
2.Moat expensive function in sql
3.Aggregate functions
4.One sql query(FYP sa hi related ek simple table ki example di thi or us pa run karni thi)
OOP
1.Inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, abstractions ka baray ma pocha tha
2.Real life example of polymorphism
3.Types of polymorphism and their example
JS
1.How to clone a object in JS (deep copy)
2.What is closure
3.State and props and difference between them
Coding question
There were 2 coding question have to attempt one of them
For database if you are familiar with mongo db to us ma sa bhi question pochay ga
Written test me 30-35 MCQ they or 2 technical questions they..
1 shyd ye tha k ek array hai jiske hr index pe next index ka address pra hwa hai..
aapne check krna k array me koi cycle ban rai hai ya ni..
or second question tha k ek array me strings pri hain or apne check krna k hr string me koi bi alphabet delete, update ya add kr
agar bnti hai to btana kis operation se bni hai
jese agar CAT string hai to array me cate, cast, acat waghera hain..
apne btana kia scene hai hr string ka 0(n) me
uske baad technical interview hwa tha jisme sarey basics concepts they
oop dsa or database k..
2-3 queries bi likhwai theen..
phir 2 technical questions they..
1 to tha k user koi input dega say n = 5 or aapne triangle print krna aese
112123123412345
phir CTO sb tasreef lay unho'n ne phla wala written test khola samne or uspe apke solutions discuss kiye
k apne ye q kiya apne approach sai thi ya galat thi waghera..
or phir CTO ne zero se interview lena start kiya oop, db, dsa k questions + database ki query thi k table bnana jispe facebook k
or bi koi technical question they yaad niphir finally CEO k sath interview tha or google se offer agyi mjhe 80k ki
2 arrays of integers are given find the 2nd array elements that are not in 1st array
Aur phir oop ma access modifiers poche aur poocha agr 1 class ki privage members ko access krna ho to kese krte access
Iske bad db ma se groupby ka sawal poocha aur iski query likhwi
Dsa ma sa linklist aur array ma difference aur uske bubble sort poocha
Interviewer
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
Mubarak Ahmad
koi bi alphabet delete, update ya add kr k hmari relavent string bnti hai ya ni..
query thi k table bnana jispe facebook ka friend request wala system save ho sara..
e offer agyi mjhe 80k ki
Arsalan
pas koi head nai h koi ar node nai pta hme...sirf aik node h hmare pas hmne usi node ko delete krna h ase k linked list maintain rhe...sirf jo
and now you have to write a querry ...lkin query ase likhni h k hme fast retrieval ho ske...tu kase likhenge possible solutions btae...
ked list maintain rhe...sirf jo node func mai a rha wo del ho jae. baki sb wse hi rhe....
Question #1
def SpeedoMeter(number):
# A meter counts the distance covered but a fault with digit 4, so it misses any number with digit 4 in it
# A Distance on meter is given find actual distance
For example:
number: 11
Actual Value: 10
only 4 is missing
Number: 51
Actual value: 37
missing : 4,14,24,34,40-49
Question #2
Delete middle of linked list
e.g.
11->5->4->3->9
ans: 11->5->3->9
Question no 3:
Climb():
#number of stairs is given, a person can move to 1 step of 2 steps at a time, we have to find combinitions of how many ways a
for example
1 stair only 1 way
2 stairs 2 ways (1+1 step or 2 steps)
3 stairs 3 ways(1+1+1 or 2+1 or 1+2)
4 stairs 5 ways(1+1+1+1 or 2+1+1 or 1+2+1 or 1+1+2 or 2+2)
Question no 4:
Reverse a linked list using recursison
Question no 5:
Match Pairs
A list of odd numbers is given 2 times. Only 1 number occurs 1 time, find that number
For example 9 11 13 3 11 9 13
Ans 3
Q1. Check if given number is an Armstrong or not. Armstrong is a number in which sum of each number raise to power total co
Q2. Given two linked lists, add the second one in the middle node of first list. E.g 1-2-3; 4-5
Result:1-2-4-5-3
Q3. Write a method toGenerate a random number without using any built in random generator method
......
Rest are the basic oop,db, dsa concepts
Interview ma sawal thy k OOP kiu bnai thi, zaroorat kiya thi.
Abstraction aur Incapsulation ka faraq btao. Private Memeber ko access krwao (getter setter).
DS ki types aur BST aur Graph kya hotay hain. BST ma insertion krwao code likh k.
Given BST ko check kro valid ha ya nhi, fer apna code dry run kr k btao.
Red Black tree, Sparse Matrix, DP ka pta ha?
Joins Konsay hotay hain. Joins k nuqsanat.
BST ma max kitny nodes hotay hain. Inka kaam PHP aur Ruby on Rails ka ha, Python Node nhi krtay ye log bilkul b.
Naam ma HeadQuaters likha ha, laikin andr siraf 4,5 loog bethay hotay hain.
Link Interviewer
teps at a time, we have to find combinitions of how many ways a person can climb up
What are triggers and its types? Why they are used?
Difference between in and between operator
2. Stored Procedure?
3. Simple Join queries
sent in it equals itself e.g 371=3^3+7^3+1^3
Generally asked questions in interview
Can you tell us a little bit about yourself?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
Why do you want to work for this company?
Why are your achievements?
What are your short-term and long-term career goals?
How do you handle stress and pressure?
How do you prioritize your work?
What motivates you?
Can you give an example of a time when you had to handle a difficult situation?
What is your leadership style?
How do you work in a team?
What is your approach to problem-solving?
Can you describe a time when you had to adapt to change?
What are your salary expectations?
Do you have any questions for us?
OOP
Solid Principals
Pillars of oop
Abstract vs interface
Can abstract class extend single or multiple abstract classes?
DB DSA
RIZWAN TARIQ
Husnain Raza
SHEIKH
i2c 1st technical
Java VS C++
interview
Why people adopt java and why java
Oop
is better
JVM and other java related terms Pillars with example
Abstract classes code
Preprocessor directives
scenario based
macro Threads
what happen if we include two same
Multithreading
header in main
Overloading Synchronisation
Overriding Garbage Collecter
Interface Tryst catch in detail
Virtual vs Pure Virtual Exception handling
Vtable and Vptr Final block
Process vs thread Why final? scenario
Memory Division and how many
Memory segments are available and Indexing
their name
What advantages and
what does #ifndefine and #define in
disadvantages of
header file
Indexing
Linked List VS Array Write db query
Groupby having where
Code to find a cycle in linked list
clause
Code to find second highest in array Thread pool
Code to find count of each character
String pool
in string
Indexing Binary trees
Indexing disadvantages Hashmap
Normalization Interviewer husnain raza
Normalization Disadvantages
Copy Constructor
shallow and deep copy
Pass by value vs Pass by reference
Why object is receive as a reference
to copy constructor
Interviewer
*Asma Ilyas
Aamir Saleem
only* at *i2c*
for *SQA*
Q5: A customer paid a bill by checkingout on website. He is your website customer. And the status of payment become paid. T
Q6 write a query to display product name and category name where product ID is 1. Tables name are Product, Category and P
Q7: Design database of university its primary keys foreign keys of student, teachers and courses and also write usecases
Q8: print 2dimensional array of NxN size using one loop and one variable
Q9: Given an array of five positive integers. Calculate the mininum and maximum sum of 4 out of 5 integers. Calculate this in m
Contiguous memory
Very generic oop questions
Basic DSA
Coding problems:
Find if string 2 is an anagram of string 1 or not.
Find median in array
Find the longest substring of a given string such that
the substring does not have any repeating
characters.
Oop basics concepts:
Explain public , protected and private inheritance?
We have a class company and another class school.
So both of these classes have same method.
In this case, is overriding possible or not?
Dsa basics:
Find if the linked list is circular or not ( just
explanation
Binary search tree ( properties of BST)
What are states?
What does useState() and useEffect() hooks do?
What is Event loop?
Strings Anagram
String Palindrome
Longest non repeating substring (no code just logic)
What is opp
Class vs Object
Encapsulation Example
Abstraction
Inheritance and types
Overloading and Overriding
Abstract Class vs Interface Class
Define DSA
Linear vs Non Linear DS
Stack and Queue
How to implement stack
Binary Tree
Binary Search Tree
Event Loop
Linked List
How to check given input list is circular linked list
(no code just logic)
2nd interview: solution interviewer
Print diagonals of 3*3 matrix
Linkedlist reverse
2 3 10 1 4 ,find leader
A leader is number , whose next all elements
are less than it.forexample here is 10 and 4
are leaders
Hosting in js
UseEffect, state props
FYP (where you will deploy it)etc
Print a Matrix in Spiral
Flip a matrix horizontaly and verticaly (mirror)
Given an array and a window size w, find w
consecutive elements with minimum repetitive
chracters
[5,6,7,8],
[9,10,11,12],
[13,14,15,16]]
Output= 1,5,6,10,11,15
assesment Test Qs
A candidate got 75% of validated votes. If the 15% are invalid votes and the total votes are 560000. Then find out the count of t
The sum of the ages of 5 children is 50 and the gap between their ages is 3 years then find out the age of the youngest child.
Person A takes
n=4, m=-3 1 minute to crossWrite
0.0156Version-I: the bridge, Person
a program withBtime
takes 2 minutesO(n).
complexity to cross the bridge, Person C takes 5 minutes to cross
Variation-II: Write a program with time complexity O(logn)
From a the
Return given
Nthtree,
nodestart
fromandtheend
lastlevel
fromprint out the nodes
a LinkedList using in level order
a single loop.from left to right in the given start and end levels.
void func(LinkedList
Tables: *list, int n);
Employee, Department
Write a query to get the manager’s name with the highest employee and if 2 managers have the same number of employees th
Write a query to get the department with zero employees count.
SOLUTION:
FROM dep
WHERE dNo NOT IN (SELECT dNo FROM emp GROUP BY dNo HAVING COUNT(*) > 0);
assesment Test Qs
assesment Test Qs
1. A man has sell 40% of apples and he still has 420 apples left what is the total no of apples?
2. If 30 person do a work in 24 days then how many persons will be needed to do the work in 20 days
3.function to find reverse of number( you can't convert number into string)
4. 4 bottles of milk one is poisonous strategy to find one( geeks for geeks rat poisonous bottles problem)
5. Count leaf nodes ( iterative as well as recursive)
6. Reverse singly linked list by using extra space and not using extra space
7. Find count prime numbers from 1 -100
8. Socket?
9. Zombie process
10. 2 queries from given salary employee and department tables
1. Find department name who and no employees
2. Find the manager name with greatest no of employees and if 2 manager have same the print first with alphabetical orde
10 bottles - 1 pill per bottle of weight 1 gram - one pill expires and have the weight of 1.1 gram .
zle-18-torch-and-bridge/
es were invalid, so how much of the total were valid votes that were casted to A https://www.toppr.com/ask/en-pk/question/in-an-election-ca
is the possibility that the card is a multiple of 3 and 5
Then find out the count of the validated votes the candidate gets.
ge of the youngest child.
C takes 5 minutes to cross the bridge, Person D takes 8 minutes to cross the bridge, and 2 people can cross the bridge at a time and they h
e number of employees then return the first comes in alphabetically of their names.
ocess continues to execute,
ry is there in the system)
artment have same name number of employees then print names in alphabetical order
ave the weight of 1.1 gram .. tell the pill in one measurement.
k/question/in-an-election-candidate-a-got-75-of-the-total-valid-votes-if-15-of/
bridge at a time and they have only one torch to see the way. what will be the minimum time to cross all the people across the bridge?
ople across the bridge?
1st interview by interviewer: Wariz 1st interview
Fyp ka poucha
# Given that courses are organized by prerequisites in the following array:
Phir FYP ma apka role
prereq_courses = [ OOP pouchi
["Software Design", "Algorithms"], Encapsulation or abstraction ma differe
["Foundations of Computer Science", "Operating Systems"], Multi level inheritance or multiple ma d
["Computer Networks", "Computer Architecture"], Why we use DSA
["Computer Architecture", "Software Design"], DSA ma arrays linked list ma differenc
["Algorithms", "Foundations of Computer Science"],
Aik scenario dyga usmy apny btana ko
["Data Structures", "Comput1er Networks"]
] Linked list ka aik functionality btani hog
Linked list ma how to detect a loop
# Question: find the first course Phir arrays ka aik sawal poucha ky 2nd
# Output: 'Data Structures' Or aik question tha ky 1 array ma triple
Is ky ilawa hashmap Sets... Internal wo
NOTE: Interviwer har question ka optim
Design patterns Kon se parhe and implement kiay Hain? Unme se koi pouch lete
2sum
First unique number in array
Given character sequence like "s>p","p>a", "a>I", "I>n" create the given word
Instructions
1. Test time: 1 hour (Starting from the time of your booking (not the time of your
joining the room).
2. Join the meeting room with your correct name, otherwise we won’t know who
you are.
3. You should use Javascript only. If you face any IDE issues, you can simply use
the browser's console in dev tools.
4. Share your “full screen”. Not just a tab or application but “full desktop”.
5. Do not turn off screen share at any point.
6. You can use vscode or IDE for code hinting. You are not allowed to use google
or any other search engine or external source.
7. Your screen will be recorded. If you do anything contrary, you may get
disqualified.
8. You do not need to submit the answers anywhere. We will observe the
recording of your screen to assess.
9. You can leave the meeting room once you have completed the test. The
interviewer may auto exit/part you if time is over. Do not be surprised.
10. You are not supposed to ask any questions from the interviewer about test. If
some is unclear, you should figure it out. If something is incorrect in the question,
you can report it to the whatsapp number you got the invitation from.
Questions
1. 60 - Algo - 25 -
Given an input parameter of a string, find characters that are not repeated more than
2 times, extract them in the same sequence and return if they are pelendrom. Return
“notfound” if not.
a. E.g
i. input : “abaacbfcb” here ‘a’ and ‘b’ are repeated more than 2 times. So
we will ignore them. However, ‘c’ ‘f’ ‘c’ are not repeated more than 2
times. We will extract them in the sequence and order of the string as
“cfc” because it is also a palindrome. So you should return “cfc” as a
string.
ii. input parameter string: “psxxxszzzpz”. Here “pssp” is the correct answer.
b. Tests: Write a function named penTwoTimes(s);
Print it in console.log(penTowTimes(s)) for each of the bellow.
i. If s is “abaacbfcb” - the printed value should be “cfc”
ii. If s is “aaaaaaaa” - the printed value should be “notfound”
iii. If s is “psxxyyyyyxszzzpzyyyy” - the printed value should be “pssp”
I.e do this
console.log(penTowTimes(“abaacbfc
console.log(penTowTimes(“aaaaaaaa”))
console.log(penTowTimes(“psxxyyyyyxszzzpzyyyy”))
c. Constraints:
i. There is only one palindrome in the string provided. You should not seek
for more than one. Get / use the first one you find.
ii. If a character repeats more than 2 times, it should be ignored (like it never
existed in the string).
2. 50 - Algo - 20 -
Write a program that finds and returns missing numbers in an array. There can be any
amount of numbers in any sequence in the array.
a. EXAMPLES - [1,6,3,5,2]. Here [4] is missing. [2,5] here 3 and 4 are missing so
the expected returned array should be [3,4].
b. EXPECTED RESULT: return: array of missing numbers e.g [4] or [2,5]
c. NOTES AND PROVISIONS
i. You can change the input and match the expected output for only these
but your function should be able to handle any input array of any length,
any numbers, and any gaps between numbers in that array of numbers.
ii. It will not have negative numbers.
d. CONSTRAINTS.
i. The returned array should be in ascending order. E.g [3,4,7,9]. Not
[3,5,2,1].
ii. The function name should NOT be changed, else the question will go
wrong. : const myFunction = () => { return [1,2,3] }
e. Tests: test (input, expected output)
Make a function named missing(arr) and print these 5 lines below.
i. test( [1,6,3,5,2] , [4] )
console.log(missing([1,6,3,5,2])) should print [4]
ii. test( [1,7,3,5,2] , [4, 6] )
console.log(missing([1,7,3,5,2] )) should print [4, 6]
iii. test( [2,5] , [3,4] )
console.log(missing([2,5] )) should print [3,4]
iv. test( [5,2] , [3,4] )
console.log(missing([5,2])) should print [3,4]
v. test( [99999997, 99999999] , [99999998] )
console.log(missing([99999997, 99999999]) should print [99999998]
3. 40 - Algo - 20 -
Given an array of undetermined length, find the largest sum possible for any 3
consecutive numbers.
a. E.g:
i. [2,0,1,100,200,10,7,2,300,2,10] here 100,200,10 = 310 is the correct
answer. Here only the combination of these 3 numbers produces the
largest sum.
ii. [2,1,0,20,7] = 0+20+7 = 27 is the answer that you should return.
b. Assumptions:
i. There will always be at least 3 numbers in an array.
c. Constraints:
i. Return a number. Not an array or string. Otherwise your answer may
result to be incorrect
d. Tests: Make a function named largestConsec(arr) and print the 2 lines below
i. [2,0,1,110,200,10,7,2,300,2,10] = 320
console.log(largestConsec([2,0,1,110,200,10,7,2,300,2,10])) should print
320
ii. [2,1,0,20,8] = 28
console.log(largestConsec([2,1,0,20,8] )) should print 28
Intervie
OOP Interviewer DB wer
Array or linkedlist m searching ki time complexity, Agr koi random value search krni hai
BST ki characteristics
omponents
ypes of states
ow to submit a form in REACT (send data from form to database??)
Link list vs array
Phr program to find middle of link list
Agr even nodes ho to konse node middle hogi Odd me konsi
Phr db questions
Indexing query thee bht basic se
Then analytical question ik
https://leetcode.com/problems/integer-to-roman/
https://leetcode.com/problems/balanced-binary-tree/
https://cppsecrets.com/users/149371151041141171161059599
OOP Solution Interviewer
First interview short hota h 15-20 min ka, second interview long hota hai... 1st interview me OOP and memory mana
Destructors in python
Which operation of OOP is not valid in python
e OOP and memory management.. Second main zayada memory management kay questions thay aur OS aur DSA ki 2 proble
What is kernel and its
TCP and UDP in Computer functionality in Operating
networks system
Probability Question:
- What is the probability of winning the toss if the captain chooses Head?
- What is the probability of winning two consecutive tosses?
Introduce yourself. What are your interests?
Favorite subjects? Why Computer Science?
Discussion on FYP.
There was a cubord, he asked, what shape is it. What is its volume and surface area.
You have a bag that has 8 balls, There are x balls
- What is the probability that the first ball drawn out
of it is a white ball?
- What is the probability that the first ball drawn out
of it is a white ball and the second ball is a black
ball and vice versa?
Name 3 countries of Europe.
Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, and Cloud Computing.
Programming languages you have worked with.
Introduce yourself from matric to bs
What are your favorite subjects, and why favorite
How many continents are? and list the name of all the contients
Velocity vs acceleration
Explain your fyp and your role
Light year
How much time sun light reach to earth?
Blockchain
Name 3 countries of Euorpe?
What are your favorite tech stack you work up till now? What tech stacks you will choose to work on the job?
There is employee table with following fields, id,
name, designation, deptNo. There are some
duplicates in table. You need to display the
duplicate records if name, designation and deptNo
repeat with any other record.
If you roll a dice, what is the probability you got 6.
If you roll two dice, what is the probability that 1 dice is 6 and other is odd at same time.
Russia and Ukarine Conflict
Solution Interviewer DB Solution
Map many to many relations without a junction table?
nd interface? What are stored procedures?
What is sequence?
BCNF
Indexing
When is indexing suitable, vs when not?
find no of employees having salary
greater than 5000
find no of employees having: salary
greater than 5000 and having same
name
find most recent salary of employees
(they have salaries updating..)
What is normalization? and state 3 rule of normalization?
SQL vs No SQL
Pseudocode of finding center node from a linked list? (in a single loop)
Difference between implementing an adjacency list with a vector of vector and a vector of the list?
LinkedList vs array
Hash vs array
Worst case insertion in Hash vs array
Interviewe
OOAD/SE/SRE Solution r OTHERS
What is defer?
What are promises?
vector of vector and a vector of the list? Tell me about yourself, your interests (technical and generally)
Tell me about your FYP, What's your role and role of other team
Recommendation: Critically analyze your FYP before the intervie
What are blockchain, cryptocurrency, and cloud computing
olume of the cylinder? What is the surface area of the cylinder, What is a cuboid?
OOP Solution
*Tajir Interview*
Introduction
Fyp discussion and your contribution in the project. A couple of
questions on that.
How did you know about tajir?
What do you know about us?
Future plans
Why you prefer tajir
Flask questions
What are routers
Endpoints
Postgresql advantages
What are docker images
Interviewe
Interviewer DB Solution r DSA Solution
Design
Database of
Tajir App
Design All
pages of Tajir
App (not UI but
backend)
How Data will
be sent to
Server through
HTTP
Requests
How Data will
be recieved
from Servers
Interviewe OOAD/ Interviewe Interviewe
r SE/SRE Solution r OTHERS Solution r
How did you
get to know
Tajir?
You role in
your FYP.
Your
weaknesses.
Design Tajir
App.
Interviewe
Coding Questions Solution r
// Write a function to multiply
two matrices together
https://leetcode.com/problems/game-of-life/
Return the sum of duplicate
number and missing number
from an unsorted list of
integers from 1 to len(array)
i.e. [1,2,2,4] will return 2 + 3
=5
Count the non-palindromic
letter in a string e.g. abba = 0
abcdba = 2
1st interview
Simple database questions like left join inner and outer join 1st Technical interview for MERN STACK:
Dsa Kai Kuch questions the like searching, binary tree hashing OOP Basic concepts.
Is kai elawa fyp ka Thora bohat poocha tha Give an example from your experience where y
Koi sai 2 design patterns jo use kie hon Kisi bhe project Mia DB basic concepts.
What is Indexing?
Mujy ab srf itna he yd hai What should we use indexing and when we don
MongoDb vs Mysql Which one is better in your
2nd interview:
DSA:
Hr Kasi sath tha interview
Family mai kn kn hai 1) You have an array and millions of numbers in
Next study krni hai ya nhi. 2) Now instead of array you have a linked list.
Apny ap ko kidhr dekhty hoo future mai 3) does doubly linked list makes any difference?
Expected salary wagera
JS:
Is trh Kai questions the bs some basic concepts like
difference between let,var,const?
Then they offered me 110k Hoisting?
Clousure?
Asynchronous functions?
Callbacks?
If we have callbacks then why promisses?
Async await?
NodeJS:
What is NodeJs?
Main advantages of node over any other framew
For what kind of tasks node is best and for wha
As you said node is single threaded then how it
React:
What are hooks?
Hooks you used in fyp?
why React?
What is JSX?
Main Features of React?
UseState hook?
UseEffect hook?
What are sideEffects?
What are props?
If we have props then why context api ?
What is redux?
Express:
Features of Express?
Request life cycle?
Middlewares?
ew for MERN STACK:
om your experience where you have used conposition and inheritence in any of your project.
y and millions of numbers in that array. Give an efficient algo to find a specific number in that array.
rray you have a linked list.
d list makes any difference?
let,var,const?
4 sections
How to delete a
Explain Inheritance with code examle column from sql table
Why we use inheritance in method remove a single row
overridding from sql table.
delete the whole
Inheritance in oop. table from sql.
Difference between
inner join and outer
Real life example of abstraction. join.
department with
highes sum of
salaries wrt employee
java script m elements kin kin treeqo s table and department
get kar sakty table using join
Nosql and Sql
characteristics in
association MCQs
aggregation
department. Write a
query that counts the
number of employees
or baki k sawal jo 2022 wali interview in each department. If
guide me likhe hain wo a department has no
Many MCQS Regarding Oop, topics as employee then its
follows count should be
polymorphism shown 0.
cohesion, coupling, association,
inheritance and its types, A database query is slow. What could be the
possible ways of creating objects in
inheritance Indexing
generalization Normalization
error finding How to map many to many in database
Cohesion (code example)
Coupling (code example)
Pillars of OOP
Through how many ways classes can be related in OOP
Aggregation (example in real life + code implementation )
Composition (example in real life + code implementation )
Association (example in real life + code implementation )
Polymorphism (example in real life + code implementation )
Then he asked the difference between
inline and block elements
JavaScript k koi b functions puche
Short intro hua and then he asked about
the frameworks I'm familiar with.
What is oop
Why oop
Pillars of oop (real life example with
implementation)
Disadvantages of inheritance.
Detailed discussion on polymorphism
Difference between composition and
association (example and
implementation)
What is Transaction?
Acid properties?
Design Patterns
Waterfall method
Disadvantages of Inheritance
def switch_case(case):
cases = {1: "You chose case 1", 2: "You
chose case 2", 3: "You chose case 3" }
Stack VS Queue
Stack Vs Heap
Stack Vs Heap
Waterfall model
vs agile model
html 5 newly
added tags ->
semantic markup
css class and id
vs inline styles
closure in
JavaScript
Hoisting in
javaScript
2 type of scopes
in JavasScript
CSS FlexBox
How to make
website
responsive
block vs inline
elements in HTML
UseState in
React
UseEffect in
React with
dependency list
will run before
rendering the
first element on
screen or after
rending the
whole screen?
Redux ( Actions,
Reducers, Store)
What is CMMI.
How to delete a
column from sql
table
remove a single
row from sql
table.
Difference
between inner
join and outer
join.
Indexing in Sql.
Inheritance in
oop.
Real life
example of
abstraction.
What is
composition in
oop.
Dynamic
polymorphism vs
static
polymorphism.
Difference
between state
and props in
React.
What is
equivalent of
Table in MongoDB
overriding and
overloading in
oop.
what is enqueue
and dequeue.
closure in JavaScript
Hoisting in javaScript
2 type of scopes in
JavasScript
CSS FlexBox
UseState in React
UseEffect in React with
dependency list
will uselayouteffect will run
before rendering the first
element on screen or after
rending the whole screen?
Redux ( Actions, Reducers,
Store)
What is CMMI.
How you will describe AM /
PM to a 5 years old child?
Difference between state and
props in React.
Basic JS and HTML tags
(syntax based mcqs)
2-3 basic Machine Learning
senario based Mcqs
Agile Development
SCRUM
Stack Vs Heap
TECHNOSOFT 1st
INTERVIEW
except one
concepts bs
and the Ceo will ask you about a
skill that your are good at maybe a
technology used in FYP
and he will ask you to rate yourself
on a scale of 1 to 10 and aap ki
rating k hissab sy he will ask the
questions
aik scenario based ho ga koi
question and aik Iq sy related
OOP Interviewer DB we use database
why Interviewer
instead of files, benefits of
database, cost of database
- Polymorphism and vice versa.
- protected keyword
- different types of
- final vs constant keywords databases
- can we run sql queries on
Overloading vs Overriding noSql databases
- what are DML/DDL
Dry run the given oop code keywords, separrate them
- what are different types of
Factory method keys
Singleton and Factory Pattern Along with code - why use foreigh keys
Runtime and Compile time errors? Design Schema for Car booking app
Normaliztion
Draw ERD for a restaurant
Write a query on above designed database
OOAD/
DSA Interviewer SE/SRE Interviewer
- Pre-order/post-order traversal
- what are graphs
10 machines of gold
array vs heap
Introduce Yourself
Tell me about your FYP, your
role, your teammate's role, which
technology stack you choose
and why?
Confict while selecting
technology.
How did you selected the FYP
group? Is it just a group of
friends or any particular reason?
Is there any group member that
is irritating? How do you handle
him?
Is there any major conflict with
your teammates you have faced
during your FYP.
What are your weakness? Your
strengths?
If you are given a chance to
change one thing in Pakistan
then what will that be? What's
the solution you have?
Your Dream 5 companies, if
any? Are you too specific about
the company you want to join?
Any regrets you have regarding
your FYP? Is there anything in
your FYP that you want to
change if you are
taken back at the time of making
FYP group
Personalitites that inspired you
to do programming? Their name
and reason!
Where do you see yourself in the
future? Any goals you want to
accomplish?
Implement undo redo
functionality
WEB
- what is an api
- types of api
Interview
1. Introduce yourself
FYP Full idea, stack used etc
OOP :
Run time vs compile Time error
Aggregation vs Composition
Polymorphism
How to prevent a class from further inheritance
What is virtual Keyword
Overloading and overriding
If return type is changed is it still Overriding?
Can a child class points to its parent or a parent class points to its child e.g. A a = new B() or B b = new A() A is parent B is chil
What are static vairables
Can Static members call regular members
Database:
FYP schema
Query from fyp
Joins
Left outer join
Indexes
Stored Procedures
DSA
BST vs binary tree
Find distance between two nodes in bst
There are n sorted arrays find smallest common value
2nd Interview
How you rate yourself in OOP
What is upcasting and downcasting
Parent p = new Child() this is upcasting or downcasting
Pillars of OOP
Encapsulation and write a code
What is polymorphism
Give Real life example of polymorphism
Overloading and overriding
If return type is change is the function still overloaded
If return type is change is the function still overridden
Database:
A company have millions of employee when they are updating all the employee's incremental s
There is a Customer table having the customer name and customer id and another table order
Also, write a query to find out the customers who didn’t place any orders yet. (Note: without usin
What is indexing and what are the disadvantages of indexing?
Problems:
P-1:
Given an integer array which has sub-integer arrays in it of depth N, write a function which retur
Input:
arr=[7, 3, 2, [22,[9, [0, 2], 3, 1], 4, 77], 45, [5], 0]
Output:
no tail and this is singly linkedlist ans=[7, 3, 2, 22, 9, 0, 2, 3, 1, 4, 77, 45, 5, 0]
P-2:
Given a 2D matrix returns the transpose of this matrix?
P-3:
Word-Search Probelm
P-4:
Given an AVL tree where nodes are unique and their values can repeat, map it to the DB schem
a patients can have many doctors
P-5:
There are 3 crates of fruits labelled first as mango, the second as apple and the last one as mix
Interviewers:
Abdul Basit
Maira Muneer
e employee's incremental salary from the company’s website the server respond with an error of connection timeout to the database, Now
id and another table order having the customer id as a foreign key and order id. Write a query to find out if the customers have an order co
rders yet. (Note: without using sub-query and joins)
, write a function which returns a flat array created from this array while maintaining the order of the integers in all arrays.
pple and the last one as mixed fruits. If all the labelled tags are wrong then what will be the minimum number of checks of fruits(picking fruit
meout to the database, Now company hire you as a DB analyst and assign you the task of resolving the issue, how you will solve the issue, e
customers have an order count of 5 or more.
checks of fruits(picking fruit from any crate) in order to find out the correct labels of all crates?
ow you will solve the issue, explain your solution?
OOP Solution Interviewer DB Solution
unique vs
primary key -
-compile time binding indexing
Pillars of OOP
Interviewer DSA Solution Interviewer OOAD/SE/SRE Solution
design pattern konsa
ata he (singleton ata
tha -> code likhwaya)
Architecture of FYP
Coding
Interviewer OTHERS Solution Interviewer Questions Solution
given a string
introduction remove
duplicates
Reverse an
-fyp(your role , integar.
blockchain konsi use Example:
kr rhy , iske alternative Input-> 567
kon konsy) Output-> 765
- what will be tha
angle b/w hands of
Arshad Majeed clock when it's 3:25
Arshad Majeed
- Fyp discussion (why this, what do you hope to achieve, jo results atay usko evaluate kesay kro gy)
- agar apki cv pe unky related koi specific projects hyn to usko pora details me pochtat, meny time series forecasting with FB P
PS: this is not just a random Tukkka. I did my preparations using this way, gave interviews at 4 places, and got an offer from all
Alhamdulillah.
Bqi relax, have tawakal on Allah. InShaAllah Jo naseeb me likha hai wo mil k rhe ga or Jo jga ap k liea behtar hai wahi pe jana
at the end. Just keep doing tadbeer and then asking Duas. Jazak Allah.