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Subject Name - Mathematics

Class – 8th

Chapter Name – Cubes and Cube Roots

PPT No.- 01/01 By-Faculty name

 PPT CONTENT

Sr. TOPICS
No.c
1. Introduction
2. Concepts for Perfect Cubes and Cube Numbers
3. Unit Digit Concept of Cube Numbers
4. Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube Numbers
5. Concept of Smallest Multiple To Make Perfect Cube Numbers
Concept of Cube Roots Cube Roots Through Prime
6.
Factorization
Cube Roots of Perfect Cubes by Successive Subtraction
7.
Method
8. Cube Root of a Negative Integral Perfect Cube
9. Cube Root of A Rational Number
 INTRODUCTIO
N
This is a story about one of India’s great mathematical geniuses, S. Ramanujan.

Once another famous mathematician Prof. G.H.

Hardy came to visit him in a taxi whose number was 1729.

While talking to Ramanujan, Hardy described this number “a dull number”.

Ramanujan quickly pointed out that 1729 was indeed interesting.

He said it is the smallest number that can be expressed as a sum of two cubes
in two different ways: 1729 = 1728 + 1 = 123 + 13, 1729 = 1000 + 729 = 103
+ 93 1729 has since been known as the Hardy – Ramanujan Number, even
though this feature of 1729 was known more than 300 years before
Ramanujan.
How did Ramanujan know this? Well, he loved numbers.

All through his life, he experimented with numbers.

He probably found numbers that were expressed as the sum of two squares
and sum of two cubes also.

There are many other interesting patterns of cubes.

Let us learn about cubes, cube roots and many other interesting facts related
to them.
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
You know that the word ‘cube’ is used in geometry.

A cube is a solid figure which has all its sides equal.

How many cubes of side 1 cm will make a cube of side 3 cm?

Consider the numbers 1, 8, 27, ... These are called perfect cubes or cube
numbers.

Each of them is obtained when a number is multiplied by taking it three times.

We note that 1 = 1 × 1 × 1 = 13 ; 8 = 2 × 2 × 2 = 23 ; 27 = 3 × 3 × 3 = 33 .

Since 53 = 5 × 5 × 5 = 125, therefore 125 is a cube number. Is 9 a cube

number?
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
No, as 9 = 3 × 3 and there is no natural number which multiplied by taking three
times gives 9. We can see also that 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 and 3 × 3 × 3 = 27.

This shows that 9 is not a perfect cube.

1 13 = 1 11 1331
2 23 = 8 12 1728
3 33 = 27 13 2197
4 43 = 64 14 2744
5 53 = ______ 15 3375
6 63 = ______ 16 4096
7 73 = ______ 17 4913
8 83 = ______ 18 5832
9 93 = ______ 19 6859
10 103 = ______ 20 8000
Properties of cube
numbers
S. No Properties Examples
1. The cube of a positive number is positive. 63 = 6 × 6 × 6 = 216.

2. The cube of a negative number is negative.

3. The cube of every even number is even. 83 = 8 × 8 × 8 = 512 is even

4. The cube of every odd number is odd. 93 = 9 × 9 × 9 = 729 is odd.

5. 103 = 1000, 113 = 1331, 143 = 2744

153 = 3375, 163 = 4096, 193 = 6859
6. If a natural number ends with 2 or 8, 123 = 1728, 183 = 5832
its cube ends with 8 or 2 respectively.
7. If a natural number ends with 3 or 7, 133 = 2197, 173 = 4913
its cube ends with 7 or 3 respectively.
8. 13 + 23 + 33 + ….. + n3 = (1 + 2 + 3 + ….n)2
Check that,
13 + 23 + 33 + 43 = (1 + 2 + 3 + 4)2
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
What is the cube of 2a?

A 2a3

B 4a3

C 8a3

D 16a3
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
The prime factorization of 64 is:

A 2×2×2

B 4×4×4

C 8×8×8

D None of the above

 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
Which of the following is not a perfect cube?

A 216

B 1000

C 243

D 1331
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
Which of these numbers is not a cube number?

A 10000

B 343

C 64

D 729
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
Cube root of an odd number is always an

A even number

B prime number

C odd number

D None of these
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
Which of the following numbers is a perfect cube?

A 243

B 216

C 392

D 8640
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
Cube of an even number is:

A Even

B Odd

C Positive

D Negative
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
Cube of an Odd number is:

A Even

B Odd

C Positive

D Negative
 Topic : Concepts For Perfect Cubes And Cube
Numbers
If 13 + 23 + 33 + ……… + 93 = 2025, then the value of (0.11)3 +
(0.22)3 + ……… + (0.99)3 is close to:

A 0.2695

B 2.695

C 3.695

D 2.025
 Topic : Unit Digit Concept of Cube
Numbers
Number Cube
1 1
2 8
3 27 Same for
1, 4, 5, 6, 9, 0
4 64
5 125
6 216
7 343
Flips for
8 512
2 and 8, 3 and 7
9 729
10 1000
 Topic : Unit Digit Concept of Cube
Numbers
The one’s digit of the cube of 53 is:

A 9

B 3

C 7

D 1
 Topic : Unit Digit Concept of Cube
Numbers
A perfect cube of a number having 0 at its unit place, with
____zeros.

A 1

B 2

C 6

D 4
 Topic : Unit Digit Concept of Cube
Numbers
The one’s digit of the cube of 23 is

A 6

B 7

C 3

D 9
 Topic : Unit Digit Concept of Cube
Numbers
The one’s digit of the cube of the number III is:

A 1

B 2

C 3

D 9
 Topic : Unit Digit Concept of Cube
Numbers
The one’s digit of the cube of the number 242 is

A 2

B 4

C 6

D 8
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers

Patterns in Cube Numbers

Adding Consecutive Odd Numbers

1=1=13
3+5=8=23
7+9+11=27=33
In the above pattern, adding consecutive odd numbers gives the sum that
is further a cube of a natural number in the number series.
Express the following numbers as the sum of odd numbers using the above
pattern? (a) 63 (b) 83 (c) 73
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers

Consider the following pattern.

23 – 13 = 1 + 2 × 1 × 3
33 – 23 = 1 + 3 × 2 × 3
43 – 33 = 1 + 4 × 3 × 3
Using the above pattern, find the value of the following.
(i) 73 – 63 (ii) 123 – 113 (iii) 203 – 193 (iv) 513 – 503
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers

Patterns in triangular Numbers

While observing the sums of cubes numbers, it can be said that the square of the x th
triangular number is equal to the sum of the first x cube numbers.
For example: The first cube number is 1 (13) which is also equal to 12
The sum of first two cube numbers = 13 + 23 = 1 + 8 = 9 = 32
The sum of first three cube numbers = 13 + 23 + 33 = 1 + 8 + 27 = 36 = 62
The sum of first four cube numbers = 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 = 1 + 8 + 27 + 64 = 100 =
102
And so on.
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
When the square of a number is subtracted from the cube of the
same number, it becomes 100. Find the number.

A 1

B 2

C 4

D 5
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
The cube of a number is 8 times the cube of another number. If the
sum of the cubes of numbers is 243, then what is the difference of
the number?
[NSTSE 2013]

A 3

B 4

C 6

D -6
Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Which of the following are perfect cubes?
1. 400 2. 3375 3. 8000 4. 15625 5. 9000 6. 6859 7. 2025 8. 10648
Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Parikshit makes a cuboid of plasticine of sides 5 cm, 2 cm, 5 cm.
How many such cuboids will he need to form a cube?
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Raj made a cuboid of plasticine. Length, breadth and height of the cuboid are 15
cm, 30 cm, 15 cm respectively.
Anu asks how many such cuboids will she need to make a perfect cube? Can you
tell? Raj said,
Volume of cuboid is 15 × 30 × 15
=3×5×2×3×5×3×5
=2×3×3×3×5×5×5
Since there is only one 2 in the prime factorization.
So we need 2 × 2, i.e., 4 to make it a perfect cube.
Therefore, we need 4 such cuboids to make a cube.
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
By what number should 81 be divided to get a perfect cube?

A 3

B 6

C 7

D 9
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
By what number should we divided 135 to get a perfect cube?

A 3

B 5

C 7

D 9
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Find the smallest number by which the number 2000 must be
multiplied to obtain a perfect cube.

A 2

B 10

C 5

D 100
 Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
By what least number by which 3600 be divided to make it a
perfect cube?
[NSTSE 2010]

A 9

B 50

C 300

D 450
Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Is 392 a perfect cube? If not, find the smallest natural number by
which 392 must be multiplied so that the product is a perfect
cube.
Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Is 53240 a perfect cube? If not, then by which smallest natural
number should 53240 be divided so that the quotient is a perfect
cube?
Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Is 1188 a perfect cube? If not, by which smallest natural number
should 1188 be divided so that the quotient is a perfect cube?
Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Is 68600 a perfect cube? If not, find the smallest number by which
68600 must be multiplied to get a perfect cube.
Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Find the smallest number by which each of the following numbers
must be multiplied to obtain a perfect cube. (i) 243 (ii) 256 (iii) 72
(iv) 675 (v) 100
Topic : Interesting Pattern Regarding Cube
Numbers
Find the smallest number by which each of the following numbers
must be divided to obtain a perfect cube. (i) 81 (ii) 128 (iii) 135
(iv) 192 (v) 704
 Topic : Concept Of Cube Roots

If the volume of a cube is 125 cm3 , what would be the length of its side?
To get the length of the side of the cube, we need to know a number whose
cube is 125.
Finding the square root, as you know, is the inverse operation of squaring.
Similarly, finding the cube root is the inverse operation of finding cube.
We know that 23 = 8; so we say that the cube root of 8 is 2.
Statement Inference Statement Inference
 Topic : Concept Of Cube Roots

Which of the following is a perfect cube?

A 125

B 36

C 75

D 100
 Topic : Concept Of Cube Roots

A 10

B 100

C 1

D None of these
 Topic : Cube Roots Through Prime
Factorization
2 13826
Find the cube root of 13824 by prime factoristion method
2 6912
We see that, 2 3456
13824 – 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 2 1728
2 864

∴ 13824 is a perfect cube

Since 2 & 3 occur in triplets
2 432
2 216
2 108
Cube root of 13824 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 2 54
=4×6
= 24 2 27
3 9
3 3
3 1
 Topic : Cube Roots Through Prime
Factorization
Cube root of 512 is:

A 4

B 6

C 8

D 12
 Topic : Cube Roots Through Prime
Factorization

A 400

B 40

C 10

D 4
 Topic : Cube Roots Through Prime
Factorization

[NSTSE 2022]

D a
Topic : Cube Roots Through Prime
Factorization
Find the cube root of 13824 by prime factorization method.
Topic : Cube Roots Through Prime
Factorization
Find the cube root of each of the following numbers by prime
factorization method. (i) 64 (ii) 512 (iii) 10648 (iv) 27000 (v) 15625
(vi) 13824 (vii) 110592 (viii) 46656 (ix) 175616 (x) 91125
Topic : Cube Roots Through Prime
Factorization
State true or false.
Cube of any odd number is even.
A perfect cube does not end with two zeros.
If square of a number ends with 5, then its cube ends with 25.
There is no perfect cube which ends with 8.
The cube of a two – digit number may be a three – digit number.
The cube of a two – digit number may have seven or more digits.
The cube of a single digit number may be a single digit number.
 Topic : Cube Roots Of Perfect Cubes By
Successive Subtraction Method

In this method, from the given cube number, 1, 7, 19, 37, 61, 91, 127, 169...
are successively subtracted till we get zero. The number of times subtraction
was performed gives the cube root of the given number.

Note: Successive subtraction method is the simplest method of finding the

cube root of a perfect cube number. But for large numbers this method is
lengthy and one should remember the sequence 1, 7, 19, 37, ... of numbers
that are to be subtracted in succession from the given number.
Topic : Cube Roots Of Perfect Cubes By
Successive Subtraction Method
Find the cube root of 343.

Subtract 1 from the given

number

From the result, subtract 7

Now, subtract 19

From the result, subtract 37

Subtract 61

Now, subtract 91 from the

result
Clearly, we have performed subtraction seven times
Subtract 127
Topic : Cube Roots Of Perfect Cubes By
Successive Subtraction Method
Find the cube root of 1331 by the successive subtraction method.
Topic : Cube Roots Of Perfect Cubes By
Successive Subtraction Method
Find the cube root of 729 by the successive subtraction method.
Topic : Cube Root of A Negative Integral Perfect
Cube
 Topic : Cube Root of A Negative Integral
Perfect Cube
The cube root of (-63 × 73) is

A 216

B -42

C 42

D 21
 Topic : Cube Root of A Negative Integral Perfect
Cube

A -3

B 3

C -9

D 9
 Topic : Cube Root of A Negative Integral Perfect
Cube
What is the cube root of -216?

A -6

B -5

C -4

D -3
 Topic : Cube Root of A Negative Integral Perfect
Cube

A -13

B -12

C -11

D -10
 Topic : Cube Root of A Negative Integral Perfect
Cube

A X2y

B -xy

C (xy)3

D -x2y
 Topic : Cube Root of A Negative Integral
Perfect Cube

A 8

B -8

C 2

D -2
Topic : Cube Root of A Negative Integral
Perfect Cube
 Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number

A 4/7

B 3/7

C 2/7

D 5/9
 Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number

A 3/10

B 4/7

C 8/7

D 1/9
 Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number

A 7/2

B 3/7

C 5/2

D 1/9
 Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number

A -73/90

B 73/90

C -81/90

D 1/9
 Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number

[NSTSE 2012]

D
 Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number

[NSTSE 2009]

D
Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number
Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number
Evaluate
Topic : Cube Root of A Rational
Number
Find the cube root of (i) –512 (ii) –15625
Topic : HOMEWORK

[NCERT
EXEMPLAR]

[NCERT
EXEMPLAR]

[NCERT
EXEMPLAR]

[NCERT
EXEMPLAR]
Topic : HOMEWORK

[NCERT]

[NCERT]

[NCERT]
 Topic : HOMEWORK

#Q. Find the cube root of each of the following numbers by prime
factorisation method.
(i) 64 (ii) 512 (iii) 10648 (iv) 27000 (v) 15625 [NCERT]
(vi) 13824 (vii) 110592 (viii) 46656 (ix) 175616 (x) 91125
[NCERT]
#Q. State true or false.
(i) Cube of any odd number is even.
(ii) A perfect cube does not end with two zeros.
(iii) If square of a number ends with 5 , then its cube ends with 25 .
(iv) There is no perfect cube which ends with 8 .
(v) The cube of a two digit number may be a three digit number.
(vi) The cube of a two digit number may have seven or more digits.
(vii) The cube of a single digit number may be a single digit number.
Topic : HOMEWORK
Topic : HOMEWORK
Topic : HOMEWORK
 Topic : HOMEWORK

#Q. If one side of a cube is 15m in length. Find its volume.

#Q. Find the length of each side of a cube if volume is 512 cm3.

#Q. Three numbers are in ratio 1: 2 : 3 and the sum of their cubes is 4500.
Find the numbers.
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