Lua
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This article is written like a tutorial. Please edit it to have more information and documentation instead of example code and step by step instructions.
Lua is a lightweight scripting language written in ANSI C, designed to be easy to port and embed. Being smaller than Python, it is also easier to port.
Porting
Download the source code from here: https://www.lua.org/download.html Then, modify src/Makefile (not the Makefile at the root).
Change the variable CC to the target OS cross compiler, e.g.
CC = x86_64-elf-gcc -std=gnu99
Depending on the target OS level of POSIX-ness, include and library directories maybe have to be changed.
Lua depends on the following C standard library functions. Some of them can be just stubs (like the time-related functions).
int isalnum(int c);
int iscntrl(int c);
int isgraph(int c);
int islower(int c);
int isprint(int c);
int ispunct(int c);
int isupper(int c);
int isxdigit(int c);
__attribute__((noreturn)) void abort();
double acos(double x);
double asin(double x);
double atan2(double y, double x);
double ceil(double x);
void clearerr(FILE *stream);
clock_t clock();
double cos(double x);
double cosh(double x);
double difftime(time_t t1, time_t t2);
void exit(int status);
double exp(double x);
int fclose(FILE *stream);
int feof(FILE *stream);
int ferror(FILE *stream);
int fflush(FILE *stream);
char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream);
double floor(double x);
double fmod(double x, double y);
FILE *fopen(const char *path, const char *mode);
int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...);
int fputs(const char *s, FILE *stream);
size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);
FILE *freopen(const char *path, const char *mode, FILE *stream);
double frexp(double x, int *exp);
int fseek(FILE *stream, long offset, int whence);
long ftell(FILE *stream);
size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);
int getc(FILE *stream);
struct tm *gmtime(const time_t *time);
double ldexp(double x, int exp);
struct tm *localtime(const time_t *time);
double log(double x);
double log10(double x);
double log2(double x);
time_t mktime(struct tm *tm);
double pow(double x, double y);
int remove(const char *path);
int rename(const char *oldPath, const char *newPath);
char *setlocale(int category, const char *locale);
int setvbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf, int mode, size_t size);
void (*signal(int sig, void (*func)(int)))(int);
double sin(double x);
double sinh(double x);
int snprintf(char *str, size_t size, const char *format, ...);
int sprintf(char *str, const char *format, ...);
int printf(const char *format, ...);
void srand(unsigned int seed);
int strcoll(const char *s1, const char *s2);
char *strerror(int errnum);
size_t strftime(char *s, size_t max, const char *format, const struct tm *tm);
char *strpbrk(const char *s, const char *accept);
double strtod(const char *nptr, char **endptr);
int system(const char *command);
double tan(double x);
double tanh(double x);
time_t time(time_t *tloc);
FILE *tmpfile();
char *tmpnam(char *s);
void *memset(void *s, int c, size_t n);
void *memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n);
size_t strlen(const char *s);
void *malloc(size_t size);
void *calloc(size_t num, size_t size);
void *memmove(void *dest, const void *src, size_t n);
void free(void *ptr);
void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
double fabs(double x);
int abs(int n);
int ifloor(double x);
int iceil(double x);
double sqrt(double x);
char *getenv(const char *name);
int strcmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
int strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
int strncmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
int strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
int toupper(int c);
int tolower(int c);
char *strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n);
long int strtol(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);
unsigned long int strtoul(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);
char *strcat(char *dest, const char *src);
char *strsep(char **stringp, const char *delim);
char *strstr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);
char *strrchr(const char *s, int c);
void qsort(void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, int (*compar)(const void *, const void *));
char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src);
char *stpcpy(char *dest, const char *src);
char *strchr(const char *s, int c);
size_t strnlen(const char *s, size_t maxlen);
size_t strspn(const char *s, const char *accept);
size_t strcspn(const char *s, const char *reject);
int memcmp(const void *s1, const void *s2, size_t n);
void *memchr(const void *s, int c, size_t n);
int isspace(int c);
int isalpha(int c);
int isdigit(int c);
struct lconv *localeconv();
int rand();
int ungetc(int c, FILE *stream);
Finally, to build it, from the root folder (not in the src folder), run the following command:
make generic
If all went well, a "lua" executable should appear in the source folder.