定时器-呼吸灯实验

两颗LED分别是一颗红色和一颗蓝色，把两颗LED连在定时器通道1上，红色LED连接在通道1正常输出，蓝色LED连接在通道1互补输出；通过定时器1的通道1产生一组互补的PWM信号驱动这两颗LED，然后通过调节PWM的占空比让LED出现明暗变化，就会出现呼吸灯的效果

1.呼吸灯原理

如何实现呼吸灯的效果：要让LED连续变化，一会亮一会暗，这种情况跟正弦函数类似

配置定时器输出如右图的PWM波

配置参数：

占空比=0.5(sin(2πt)+1)
周期=1ms

2.初始化IO引|脚

定时器：TIM1

通道1

引脚：CH1、CH1N

需要先找到引脚位置

再初始化引脚

#include "stm32f10x.h"

void App_PWM_Init(void);

int main(void)
{
	while(1)
	{
	}
}

void App_PWM_Init(void)
{
	//#1.初始化IO引脚PA8 PB13
		GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
	
	// PA8 AF_PP
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA,ENABLE);

	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_8;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
	
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
	
	// PA13 AF_PP
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA,ENABLE);

	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
	
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

}

3.配置时基单元

	//#2.配置时基单元
	
	//#2.1开启TIM1的时钟
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_TIM1, ENABLE) ;
	
	//#2.2配置时基单元的参数
	TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct;
	
	TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;
	TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_Period=999;
	TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_Prescaler=71;
	TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_RepetitionCounter=0;
	
	TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM1,&TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct);
	
	//#2.3 开启ARR寄存器预加载，防止定时器跑飞
	TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM1,ENABLE);
	
	//#2.4 闭合时基单元的开关
	TIM_Cmd (TIM1,ENABLE);
	
}

4.配置输出比较的参数

	//#3.初始化输出比较
	//#3.1初始化输出比较通道1的参数
	
	TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStruct;
	
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCNPolarity = TIM_OCNPolarity_High;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OutputNState = TIM_OutputNState_Enable;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_Pulse = 0;
	
	TIM_OC1Init(TIM1,&TIM_OCInitStruct);
	
	//#3.2闭合MOE总开关
	
	TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM1,ENABLE);

5.改变PWM占空比

实现呼吸灯的效果要让PWM占空比按正弦的关系去变化，t代表单片机里的当前时间

a.获取单片机里的当前时间：GetTick获取的是毫秒值，所以小换算成秒

b.声明一个变量（duty）存放占空比值，由于用了sin函数所以要引用math.h头文件

	while(1)
	{
		float t=GetTick() *1.0e-3f;
		float duty = 0.5* (sin(2*3.14*t) + 1);
	}

c.再计算CCR1的值

CCR1的值决定高电压所占用的时间=1000μs*占空比=0.5 (sin(2πt) + 1)*1000

uint16_t ccrl = duty * 1000;

d.把ccr1的值设置到寄存器里

		TIM_SetCompare1(TIM1, ccrl);

总代码：

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "math.h"

void App_PWM_Init(void);

int main(void)
{
	App_PWM_Init();
	
	while(1)
	{
		float t=GetTick() *1.0e-3f;
		float duty = 0.5* (sin(2*3.14*t) + 1);
		uint16_t ccrl = duty * 1000;
		
		TIM_SetCompare1(TIM1, ccrl);
	}
}

void App_PWM_Init(void)
{
	//#1.初始化IO引脚PA8 PB13
		GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
	
	// PA8 AF_PP
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA,ENABLE);

	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_8;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
	
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
	
	// PA13 AF_PP
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA,ENABLE);

	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
	GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_2MHz;
	
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
	
	//#2.配置时基单元
	
	//#2.1开启TIM1的时钟
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_TIM1, ENABLE) ;
	
	//#2.2配置时基单元的参数
	TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct;
	
	TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up;
	TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_Period=999;
	TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_Prescaler=71;
	TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct.TIM_RepetitionCounter=0;
	
	TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM1,&TIM_TimeBaseInitStruct);
	
	//#2.3 开启ARR寄存器预加载，防止定时器跑飞
	TIM_ARRPreloadConfig(TIM1,ENABLE);
	
	//#2.4 闭合时基单元的开关
	TIM_Cmd (TIM1,ENABLE);
	
	//#3.初始化输出比较
	//#3.1初始化输出比较通道1的参数
	
	TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStruct;
	
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCNPolarity = TIM_OCNPolarity_High;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OutputNState = TIM_OutputNState_Enable;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable;
	TIM_OCInitStruct.TIM_Pulse = 0;
	
	TIM_OC1Init(TIM1,&TIM_OCInitStruct);
	
	//#3.2闭合MOE总开关
	
	TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM1,ENABLE);
	
	//#使能CCR1预加载功能
	TIM_CCPreloadControl(TIM1,ENABLE);
}