Fixes: #2724 Add description for Sieve of Eratosthenes algorithm. Refactor a little bit

[Boiarshinov]

Describe your change:

Changes:

• add description of algorithm

• add link to wiki

• delete @author tag cause git blame remembers everyone 😄

• change algo method - now it's not print result but return it

• add enum instead of magic numbers

• add description of algorithm steps

• extend example with description

• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?

• Add an algorithm?

• Documentation change?

References

related issue: #2724

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• All functions and variable names follow Java naming conventions.
• All new algorithms have a URL in its comments that points to Wikipedia or other similar explanation.
• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the commit message contains Fixes: #{$ISSUE_NO}.