feat: add ndarray/base/broadcast-array-except-dimensions

[headlessNode]

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Progresses #2656.

Description

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This pull request:

• add ndarray/base/broadcast-array-except-dimensions

Related Issues

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This pull request:

• progresses [RFC]: achieve ndarray API parity with built-in JavaScript arrays  #2656

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• Read, understood, and followed the contributing guidelines.

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Coverage Report

Package	Statements	Branches	Functions	Lines
ndarray/base/broadcast-array-except-dimensions	$\color{red}232/238$ $\color{green}+97.48\%$	$\color{red}18/21$ $\color{green}+85.71\%$	$\color{green}1/1$ $\color{green}+100.00\%$	$\color{red}232/238$ $\color{green}+97.48\%$

The above coverage report was generated for the changes in this PR.

[kgryte]

@headlessNode The dims argument should not be optional. If a user is not interested in excluding dims, they should just use broadcast-array. Furthermore, they could just provide an empty dims array. As this is a lower-level function, the API should be fixed (i.e., not variadic, unless actually warranted). Furthermore, the entire purpose of this function is to broadcast and exclude, so not providing a dims argument is a bit odd to me and suggests that the user is confused. Hence, I suggest refactoring this package to always assume that a dims argument is provided. As I already updated the implementation, this should mean updating docs, examples, and tests.

[kgryte]

LGTM after clean-up.