Julius Nyerere, born on this day in 1922, was a socialist and anti-colonial Tanzanian politician who promoted a Pan-Africanist ideology known as Ujamaa, which means “extended family” or “brotherhood” in Swahili.
Julius Kambarage Nyerere was born on April 13, 1922 in Butiama, on the eastern shore of lake Victoria in north west Tanganyika. His father was the chief of the small Zanaki tribe. He was 12 before he started school (he had to walk 26 miles to Musoma to do so). Later, he transferred for his secondary education to the Tabora Government Secondary School. His intelligence was quickly recognized by the Roman Catholic fathers who taught him. He went on, with their help, to train as a teacher at Makerere University in Kampala (Uganda). On gaining his Certificate, he taught for three years and then went on a government scholarship to study history and political economy for his Master of Arts at the University of Edinburgh (he was the first Tanzanian to study at a British university and only the second to gain a university degree outside Africa. In Edinburgh, partly through his encounter with Fabian thinking, Nyerere began to develop his particular vision of connecting socialism with African communal living.
On his return to Tanganyika, Nyerere was forced by the colonial authorities to make a choice between his political activities and his teaching. He was reported as saying that he was a schoolmaster by choice and a politician by accident. Working to bring a number of different nationalist factions into one grouping he achieved this in 1954 with the formation of TANU (the Tanganyika African National Union). He became President of the Union (a post he held until 1977), entered the Legislative Council in 1958 and became chief minister in 1960. A year later Tanganyika was granted internal self-government and Nyerere became premier. Full independence came in December 1961.
In 1962, Nyerere was elected the first president of Tanganyika, a predecessor to modern Tanzania and a newly independent republic. His administration emphasized decolonizing society and the state, also unsuccessfully pursuing a Pan-Africanist East African Federation with Uganda and Kenya.
In 1967, Nyerere issued the “Arusha Declaration”, forbidding government leaders from owning shares or holding directorates in private companies, receiving more than one salary, or owning any houses that they rented to others. In compliance with this declaration, Nyerere sold his second home and his wife donated her poultry farm to a local co-operative.
Nyerere’s integrity, ability as a political orator and organizer, and readiness to work with different groupings was a significant factor in independence being achieved without bloodshed. In this he was helped by the co-operative attitude of the last British governor — Sir Richard Turnbull. In 1964, following a coup in Zanzibar (and an attempted coup in Tanganyika itself) Nyerere negotiated with the new leaders in Zanzibar and agreed to absorb them into the union government. The result was the creation of the Republic of Tanzania.
Nyerere’s government also aided in liberation struggles elsewhere in Africa, training and aiding anti-apartheid South African groups and helping to depose Ugandan ruler Idi Amin. In 1985, Nyerere stepped down as President and was succeeded by Ali Hassan Mwinyi in a notably peaceful and stable transition of power.
“Unity will not make us rich, but it can make it difficult for Africa and the African peoples to be disregarded and humiliated.”
Julius Nyerere
- Biography : Julius Kambarage Nyerere
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Warning: bad YouTube comments, skip if you want to remain chill
I see fascist brainworms are alive and well on Japanese side of YouTube. I wonder if Nico Nico Douga has fewer of them or not, maybe there’s a filter happening.Today I made THREE (!!!) games in Godot. Breaksteroids (breakout but you gotta hit asteroids with the ball), Pongout (Pong but you gotta break your opponent’s breakout bricks to score), and Asteroud (asteroids but the UFO has a shield of breakout bricks).
The last one kinda sucks, I guess they can’t all be winners. But Breaksteroids is like a big, moving pinball machine, because the Pong ball bounces unpredictably off of the random asteroids vertices. I didn’t forsee it but it RULES. Pongout is neat, you stay at the highest ball speed for a lot longer so it has a different intensity than regular Pong, but isn’t super remarkable.
Tomorrow I’ll be working on bringing Tetris and Space Invaders mechanics into my component ecosystem. Dunno what I’ll make then - Asteris, a game where tetrominoes fall and you have to shoot pieces off of them to make them fit? Break Invaders, where you have to defeat the Space Invaders with a pong ball?
Finally watched Walker (1987). I laughed when he said “I’m not an aristocrat, I’m a social Democrat!”.
Bup dup dup dup dup dup dup duhhh dup dup dup dup buh nup dup dup dup dup dup dup duhhh dup dup dup dup buh bup dup dup dup dup dup dup duhhh dup dup dup dup buh nup dup dup dup dup dup dup duhhh dup dup dup dup buh doo doo dee dee doo
Radio
Like transmission
Anyone else getting more right-wing slop recommended on Youtube recently
Tibetan monk technique this Tibetan monk secret that yet if I look up shit in Marvel or DC they still got rolled on by China since things have to be parallel to our world like how the super heroes just let 911 happen or something
wild west cowboy, but he’s also a sword guy
All the other nouse acts at the nosie show has their shit on burnt cds and gave em away like it was 2008. I was thinking of doing a DVD release.
I often think “why isn’t there a cockroach pokemon” because I forget the ultra beasts exist
April 19th? It’s coming home
Followed my stereotype and I cooka’d da pizza.
Cooking has been a great way I’ve been able to help out my folks during this shit time of my life.
Comrades, if you’ve never made pizza sauce. This is your sign to do it. Look for a big ass can of san marzano tomatoes and use that in any of the recipes you find online. The sauce is the most important part. I got my folks to like my vegan pizza because I nailed the sauce.
Garlic is the goat. It adds so much flavor to any dish.
