Encapsulation in Dart

Encapsulation is a fundamental principle of object-oriented programming that restricts direct access to an object’s internal data and only exposes what is necessary. In Dart, encapsulation is achieved using private fields (prefixed with _) and controlled access through getters and setters.

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Encapsulation in Dart

Why Use Encapsulation?

• Data Protection: Prevents unwanted modification of properties.
• Controlled Access: Only allows specific ways to read or update data.
• Improved Maintainability: Makes code easier to manage and update.

Example of Encapsulation

class BankAccount {
  String _accountNumber;
  double _balance;

BankAccount(this._accountNumber, this._balance);

  // Getter for balance (read-only)
  double get balance => _balance;

  // Setter for deposit (write-only)
  void deposit(double amount) {
    if (amount > 0) {
      _balance += amount;
    } else {
      print('Deposit amount must be positive.');
    }
  }

  // Setter for withdrawal with…