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Cake day: December 23rd, 2025

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  • In the USA there is a fair use doctrine/clause to copyright laws which excludes noncommercial works. This also stems from the English common law’s fair dealings doctrine.

    17 U.S. Code § 107 - Limitations on exclusive rights: Fair use

    Notwithstanding the provisions of sections 106 and 106A, the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright. In determining whether the use made of a work in any particular case is a fair use the factors to be considered shall include—
    (1) the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes;
    (2) the nature of the copyrighted work;
    (3) the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and
    (4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.
    The fact that a work is unpublished shall not itself bar a finding of fair use if such finding is made upon consideration of all the above factors.
    (Pub. L. 94–553, title I, § 101, Oct. 19, 1976, 90 Stat. 2546; Pub. L. 101–650, title VI, § 607, Dec. 1, 1990, 104 Stat. 5132; Pub. L. 102–492, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3145.)

    That said, Judges generally have the final say and have decided cases wildly differently from each other in either direction in the past on what is and is not copyright infringement.


















  • Russia isn’t shit on paper, they’ve got a supreme leader with no term limits whose opponents keep becoming reluctant porn stars or dying in mysterious ways.

    Fun fact about the end of the Weimar Republic, for three consecutive elections the left and the communist parties failed to form a coalition even with the majority of seats leading to on the fourth election the Nazis sweeping the right and becoming the majority they needed to take complete control. Sound familiar? A division among leftists caused by external forces leading into Fascism?