OOP is a programming paradigm built around the concept of “objects,” which are instances of “classes.” Think of a class as a blueprint and an object as a specific item built from that blueprint. OOP aims to model real-world entities and their interactions within software.
Abstraction: Hiding complex implementation details and showing only essential information to the user.
Encapsulation: Bundling data (attributes) and the methods (functions) that operate on that data within a single unit (the class). This helps protect data integrity.
Inheritance: Creating new classes (child classes) based on existing ones (parent classes), inheriting their properties and behaviors. This promotes code reuse and establishes relationships between classes.
Polymorphism: The ability of objects of different classes to respond to the same method call in their own specific way. This allows for flexibility and extensibility.
