Science

Agrivoltaics – combining land for solar and agriculture – is a genuine win-win. It allows a single piece of land to produce both food and clean energy at the same time. Around the world, farmers are finding that solar infrastructure creates microhabitats that boost resilience, improve yields and reduce water stress. For the agriculture: ✅ Shade from the panels lower ground temperatures and reduces evaporation. In arid areas, this has doubled or even tripled crop yields while cutting irrigation needs by half. ✅ Shade-tolerant crops like lettuce, kale, berries and broccoli thrive under reduced heat stress, especially during extreme weather. ✅ Higher soil moisture also promotes healthier pasture, leading to more nutritious forage for grazing animals. For solar operators: ✅ Sheep naturally keep vegetation under control, reducing mowing and maintenance costs and lowering fire risk. They also prevent plants from shading the panels. ✅ Crops underneath the panels help to cool the modules, improving performance on hot days. And the animals benefit too. A 3-year study of 1,700 sheep at the Wellington Solar Farm in NSW found the sheep produced higher quality wool and more of it. The arrays offer shade in summer, shelter during storms and cooler microclimates throughout the day. Economically it's a strong proposition: - Landowners gain a stable income stream while keeping land productive. - Developers access more viable sites with fewer permitting hurdles. - Communities retain agricultural land and benefit from local investment and tax revenue. And in the US, a significant "solar grazing" industry is emerging, where farmers become vegetation managers. They rent out flocks of sheep to solar farm owners and the sheep trim the vegetation. Agrivoltaics is showing that solar and agriculture don’t have to compete for land. They can thrive together – and create more value in the process. Image credit: Enel Green Power #energy #renewables #energytransition

Double Materiality 🌎 Beyond compliance with key regulations like CSRD, double materiality assessments are essential for businesses to develop a comprehensive sustainability strategy. This framework helps companies identify how their activities impact society and the environment while also assessing how sustainability-related risks and opportunities affect financial performance. Impact materiality examines how a company’s operations influence people and the planet, covering topics like climate change, biodiversity, and social equity. Financial materiality focuses on how sustainability factors, such as regulatory changes, resource scarcity, or reputational risks, impact business performance and long-term growth. Some issues, like climate change mitigation, resource management, and labor conditions, fall under double materiality, meaning they are significant for both external impact and financial outcomes. By integrating double materiality, companies can align sustainability efforts with business objectives, risk management, and investor expectations, strengthening corporate resilience. This approach ensures that sustainability is not just a compliance exercise but a strategic tool to drive innovation, operational efficiency, and stakeholder trust. It also supports transparent reporting, helping businesses meet increasing demands from investors, regulators, and consumers for credible sustainability disclosures. Sectors like finance, manufacturing, and retail are already leveraging double materiality insights to guide decision-making, investment strategies, and supply chain management. This matrix developed by Vestas in their sustainability report is a great example of how to structure a double materiality assessment, clearly linking environmental and social impacts to financial performance and strategic decision-making. #sustainability #sustainable #business #esg #climatechange #doublemateriality #materiality

I interviewed 20 sustainability managers 🎙️ That's their #1 pain point 🤕 ➡️ "Reporting is 1st. Impact is 2nd". Challenges that I can see with sustainability in companies: ❌ Competing frameworks confuse. ❌ Data collection becomes more important than actual impact ❌ Disconnect between reporting teams and operational teams ❌ Excessive time spent on documentation. ❌ Risk of greenwashing through selective reporting (I am sure you have your observations to add🙄) 5 secrets to turn this into the biggest opportunity for change: ✅ Use reporting to clarify sustainability vision 100%. ✅ Identify in-company 'spoilers' - and engage them! ✅ Change sustainability reporting from 'a burden' for all, to an 'invitation to do good' for each individual. ✅ Turn deadlines into celebration moments for internal change. ✅ Use data requirements as opportunities to understand the entire value chain (and opportunities for change). You know the pain ?🧐 📲 Ping me to re-write the script on your sustainability reporting ♻️ #circulareconomy #zerowaste #sustainability

Text understanding with #LLMs is useful but not enough for scientific understanding and discovery. In chemistry, in addition to text, chemical structure is essential to determine the properties of molecules. We have created the first multimodal text-chemical structure model: MoleculeSTM. It has an aligned latent space of both modalities. This allows the users to provide free-form text instructions to create molecules with arbitrary sets of properties. This enables zero-shot text-guided molecule editing (lead optimization) without the need to fine-tune the model for each new specification. Paper: bit.ly/4736BPH Code: bit.ly/4877YOS The core idea of MoleculeSTM is to align the chemical structure and textual description modalities using contrastive pretraining. The pivotal advantage of such alignment is its capacity to introduce a new paradigm of LLM for drug discovery: by fully utilizing the open vocabulary and compositionality attributes of natural language. To adapt it to a more concrete task, we focus on zero-shot text-guided molecule editing (aka lead optimization). Existing ML-based molecule editing methods suffer from data insufficiency issues. MoleculeSTM circumvents this by formulating molecule editing as a natural language understanding and interpolation problem, which is much easier to solve under the zero-shot setting. Such a novel paradigm is meaningful for addressing more practical drug discovery challenges. We will have more follow-up works along this LLM for the molecule/drug discovery research line. Please stay tuned! Shengchao Liu Chaowei Xiao Weili Nie Zhuoran Qiao Caltech

New paper out! A case study: Duolingo’s AI ethics approach and implementation. This is a rare example of real-world, detailed AI ethics implementation. ➤ Context: * There are so many AI ethics frameworks out there. Most of them are high level, abstract, and far from implementation. * That’s why I wanted to co-author this paper. * It showcases how an organization can write practical AI ethics principles and then implement them. * The case study is Duolingo English Test My fabulous co-authors are Jill Burstein, who led the paper, and Alina von Davier, Geoff LaFlair, and Kevin Yancey, all parts of Duolingo’s English Test team. ➤ The AI ethics principles: 1. Validity and reliability 2. Fairness 3. Privacy 4. Transparency and accountability ➤  The implementation The paper demonstrates how these principles are implemented using several examples: * A six-step process for writing exam questions, illustrating the validity and reliability and fairness standards * A process for detecting plagiarism that demonstrates the privacy principle * Quality assurance and documentation processes that demonstrate the accountability and transparency principle ➤ You can read a summary of the paper in the link in the comments ➤ Get in touch if you’d like to have a paper like this about your own company! #responsibleai #aiethics

For decades, we’ve been told “we need to save the planet”. But the truth is, the planet will be fine. Over billions of years it’s weathered asteroid impacts, ice ages, and mass extinctions at a scale we can hardly imagine. What’s at stake now is something far more fragile: us. That’s the message at the heart of a new Lancet article which argues that as the climate warms and ecosystems falter, we are no longer facing a purely environmental crisis, but a full-scale public health emergency. Environmental breakdown is no longer altering only forests, coastlines, and deserts. It is disrupting the very foundations of human health and wellbeing: our bodies. The true costs of planetary breakdown are not found in charts. They are found in neonatal units and cancer registries, in stolen potential, and in the quiet grief of families facing wholly preventable illnesses and deaths. Recognising that human and planetary health are inseparable should not just sharpen our sense of urgency, it must fundamentally reshape how we govern, invest, and lead. For the last 150 years, we have been dismantling the very foundations of prosperity and doing so in the name of prosperity itself. There was a time where we could feign ignorance, but that time has long passed. The science is clear. The risks are measurable. The costs are already being paid in hospital admissions, in economic disruption, and in the slow erosion of public trust. What remains in doubt is not the data, but whether those in power are prepared to govern in accordance with the world as it is, not as it once was.

Think about the last presentation you sat through. Do you remember anything from it? Probably not. Most presentations fail because they are: ❌ Overloaded with bullet points ❌ Devoid of emotion ❌ Data dumps with no clear story The good news? You can make your presentation unforgettable with these 7 simple shifts: 1. Start with a Hook, Not an Intro Most presenters begin with "I'm excited to be here today..." and lose the audience immediately. Fix: Grab attention from the start. Example: “Your company is losing $10M a year—and you don’t even know why.” 2. Tell a Story, Not Just Data People remember stories, not statistics. Instead of listing facts, wrap them in a compelling narrative. Fix: Use the “Problem → Struggle → Solution” technique. Example: "Before using our system, Sarah’s team spent 3 hours a day on reports. She tried different tools, but nothing worked—until she found our solution. Now? Just 15 minutes a day." 3. Use Contrast & Surprise The brain is wired for novelty. If your presentation sounds predictable, people will tune out. Fix: Vary your tone, pace, and visuals. Drop in an unexpected question, statistic, or pause to keep them engaged. 4. Say Less, Mean More Too much information overloads the audience. They’ll remember nothing. Fix: Cut the fluff. Stick to one core message per slide, per section, per speech. 5. Make It Visual Bullet points don’t inspire. Images and metaphors do. Fix: Instead of saying “Our product is faster,” show a race car next to a bicycle. 6. End with a Bang, Not a Fizzle Most presentations end with “Thank you” and no real impact. Fix: Leave them with one key idea and a clear next step. Example: “If you only take away one thing today, let it be this…” 7. Master the Pause Most speakers talk too fast and leave no room for ideas to sink in. Fix: Silence is power. Pause after key points to let them land. 💡 A great presentation isn’t about information—it’s about transformation. Make your next one impossible to forget. What’s the most memorable presentation you’ve ever seen? Drop a comment below! ⬇

Extreme heat is becoming the new normal. A new study in Nature Sustainability finds that if global warming reaches 2°C, the number of people exposed to extreme heat will more than double by 2050. 📊 From 1.5 billion people (23%) in 2010 ➡️ to nearly 3.8 billion people (41%) by mid-century. 🔴 The biggest shift happens early, around the 1.5°C threshold. This means adaptation cannot wait for the future. It must happen now. Key implications: 🌍 No part of the world is immune, not even temperate, high-income countries 🏙️ Cities and buildings designed for cold are increasingly unfit for heat ⚡ Energy systems will shift from heating-dominated to cooling-dominated demand 🏥 Health systems, labour productivity, education, and food security are all at risk ❄️ Air conditioning demand is set to overtake heating globally with major equity and emissions implications It is a systems issue, spanning energy, infrastructure, public health, and development. 👉 Early warnings, climate-informed energy planning, heat-resilient buildings, and data-driven adaptation are no longer optional. Because there is no adaptation pathway on a 2°C world that doesn’t involve heat. read the article here https://lnkd.in/eg8pwBMt

🔥 Climate risks are no longer abstract—they’re disrupting businesses, communities, and economies right now. The World Economic Forum’s 2024 report, "The Cost of Inaction: A CEO Guide to Navigating Climate Risk", delivers a sobering message: ignoring climate risks isn’t just irresponsible—it’s economically devastating. 🌡️ Key insights from the report: 💥 Climate-related disasters have caused $3.6 trillion in damages since 2000, exposing critical vulnerabilities in supply chains and infrastructure. 📉 Physical risks could put 5-25% of EBITDA at risk for some sectors by 2050 under a 3°C warming trajectory. 💸 Transition risks, like carbon pricing and changing regulations, could impact 50% of EBITDA in energy-intensive industries by 2030. 🌱 Every $1 invested in climate adaptation yields $2-$19 in avoided costs, while green markets are projected to grow from $5 trillion in 2024 to $14 trillion by 2030. 💡 My reflections: 🔄 Resilience isn’t enough anymore. Too often, we focus on simply "weathering the storm" of climate risk. But true leadership is about rebuilding something better—rethinking markets, redesigning business models, and creating solutions that lead entire industries forward. 🌍 Supply chain fragility is the Achilles’ heel of the global economy. A single extreme weather event can cascade across operations, grinding everything to a halt. Climate-resilient supply chains can’t just be about survival—they must be radically adaptive, decentralized, and built to thrive under disruption. 📊 Climate risk is fundamentally redefining the concept of value. Businesses stuck chasing quarterly earnings are missing the bigger picture. In a world of rising costs and irreversible climate impacts, long-term value will belong to those who embed sustainability, resilience, and equity into their strategies. The time for cautious, incremental steps has passed. How are we using this moment to transform the way we work, innovate, and lead? #ClimateAction #Sustainability #Resilience #Leadership #Innovation

While medical device giants spent decades on $50,000 wound monitors, a 13-year-old solved chronic wound care with a hacked printer and conductive ink. Think about that. Anushka Naiknaware didn't wait for permission. At 13, she grabbed an inkjet printer, mixed carbon nanoparticles into water-based ink, and printed fractal sensors directly onto bandages. Cost per sensor: pennies. Lives potentially saved: millions. Traditional Wound Care Reality: ↳ Doctors guess when to change dressings ↳ Too early = disrupted healing   ↳ Too late = infection, amputation ↳ 2.5% of Americans suffer chronic wounds Anushka's Smart Bandage: ↳ Conductive nanoparticles sense moisture continuously ↳ No removal needed to check healing ↳ Maintains optimal moist environment ↳ Alerts clinicians exactly when to change But here's what stopped me cold: Chronic wounds cost us tens of billions yearly. They lead to 85% of diabetes-related amputations. Yet the solution came from a middle schooler who saw her grandmother struggle with wound care and decided to fix it. She became the youngest Google Science Fair global winner in 2016. Won $15,000, a trip to LEGO headquarters, mentorship from industry leaders. They even named minor planet 33118 Naiknaware after her. The real breakthrough wasn't the technology—it was the audacity. While companies ran focus groups and feasibility studies, Anushka was in her garage printing sensors. While experts debated optimal monitoring protocols, she was testing prototypes on artificial wounds. What changes everything: ↳ Diabetic patients avoiding amputations ↳ Elderly maintaining independence longer ↳ Healthcare costs dropping dramatically ↳ A teenager proving innovation has no age limit The Multiplication Effect: 1 smart bandage = prevented amputation 100 hospitals adopting = thousands walking 1000 clinics equipped = mobility preserved At scale = chronic wounds becoming manageable Today, Anushka continues her STEM journey at MIT, building on that garage breakthrough that showed us something deeper: We spent decades making wound care complex. A 13-year-old made it smart with household tools. Because when a teenager with a printer outsmarts billion-dollar R&D departments, you realise: The next medical breakthrough isn't waiting in a lab. It's waiting for someone brave enough to hack the problem. Follow me, Dr. Martha Boeckenfeld for innovations where young minds solve old problems. ♻️ Share if you believe age is irrelevant when a genius like her creates major breakthroughs.